8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
1/50
AN INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTERS
THIS CLASS IS DESIGNED AS A
BEGINNERS CLASS INCOMPUTING
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
2/50
OBJECTIVES
Learn Basic Computer Terminology
Difference Between Hardware andSoftware
Understanding Computer Components
Basic Keyboard and Mouse Usage
Proper Care For your PC
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
3/50
PREREQUISITES
There are no prerequisites.
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
4/50
DEFINITION
What is a Computer? computer Pronunciation key (km-pytr)
n. A device that computes, especially a
programmable electronic machine that performshigh-speed mathematical or logical operations orthat assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwiseprocesses information.
One who computes. (American Heritage Dictionary, 4th ed. Pub.
2000)
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
5/50
THE LANGUAGE OF
COMPUTERSBinary Numbers
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
6/50
Binary Numbers 1 of 3
Computers speak binary. Binary language consists of combinations of 1'sand 0's that represent characters of other languages (in our case theEnglish language). Dont make the mistake of thinking that little 1's and 0's
are running around inside of the computer. We humans prefer to think of1's and 0's because its easier than visualizing positive and negative
current flows or open and closed circuits which is what actually happensinside computers. A combination of eight bits represents one character inour language. One character in our language (eight bits) is referred to as a
byte. (For example: 01000001 is a byte that represents an uppercase A;each 1 or 0 is a bit.)
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
7/50
Binary Numbers 2 of 3
Kilobytes, Megabytes, and Gigabytes
If you understand that a byte is one character inour language, youve got it made because:
1000 bytes = 1 kilobyte
(1,000 characters = 1 kilobyte)
1,000,000 bytes = 1 megabyte
(1,000,000 characters = 1 megabyte) 1,000,000,000 bytes = 1 gigabyte
(1,000,000,000 characters = 1 gigabyte)
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
8/50
Binary Numbers 3 of 3
Disk Capacity Its important to know how large your files are because eventually you wont
have enough space on your disk to hold more files. Knowing the totalcapacity of your disk, how much space is left on your disk, and how largethe file is, you can make accurate decisions as to whether to save the file tothe current disk, or save the file to a different diskette with more disk
capacity. Keep in mind that a low density floppy diskette holds 720 kilobytes of data,and a high density floppy diskette holds 1.44 megabytes of data. Put ineasier to understand terms, a low density disk can hold approximately 300typed pages and a high density can hold approximately 600 typed pages.Zip disks have 100 megabytes of disk capacity (about $10.00 each) or 250megabytes of disk capacity (about $15.00 each). CD-ROMS have 650megabytes of capacity (about $1.00 each) or 700 megabytes of capacity(about $1.50 each). Super Disks have 120 megabytes of disk capacity(about $12.00 each). Hard drives (disk drives inside of the computer) mighthold anywhere from 30 megabytes (old computers) to 80 gigabytes (newcomputers) of data. Most computers today are sold with anywhere from a 5gigabyte (portable/laptop computers) to a 120 gigabyte (desktop computers)disk capacity.
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
9/50
THIS IS A FEW OF THE
DIFFERENT TYPES ofCOMPUTERS
Desk top
Lap TopHand Held
computer
computerComputer
computer
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
10/50
DEFINITION
Hardware Vs. SoftwareIf you can touch it, its hardware
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
11/50
Examples of Hardware
http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/printer.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/draw-tab.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/lptp4.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/earphone.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/digtlcmr.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/comp-mse.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/compkey.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/cd.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/comp-twr.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/pc-card.htmlhttp://classroomclipart.com/cgi-bin/kids/imageFolio.cgi?action=view&link=Computers&image=Computer.gif&img=&tt=http://classroomclipart.com/cgi-bin/kids/imageFolio.cgi?action=view&link=Computers&image=Disk2Red.gif&img=&tt=http://regman.freeze.com/cgi-bin/coreg/cacastle2.asp?num=Access%20200%20high%20quality%20animations&cat=animationshttp://www.barrysclipart.com/barrysclipart.com/showphoto.php?photo=27425&papass=&sort=1&thecat=174http://www.clipartconnection.com/clipartconnection.com/showphoto.php?photo=12982&papass=&sort=1&thecat=1678/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
12/50
The Programs that are on the disksare software
http://classroomclipart.com/cgi-bin/kids/imageFolio.cgi?action=view&link=Computers&image=Disk2Red.gif&img=&tt=http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/cd.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/comp-twr.html8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
13/50
Definition of User
http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/cmpsilho.html8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
14/50
Uses for a PC
Word Processing Desktop Publishing Database Management
Spreadsheets Communication Finance Education
Entertainment News and Information Doorstop
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
15/50
Tips for Beginners
Explore Your Computer
Mistakes wont Kill You
EDIT/ UNDO is your Friend
Be persistent
Apply what you Learn
Dont try to learn too fast
Walk away if you get frustrated
Have Fun
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
16/50
Why Learn This Stuff?
Buying a PC
Having Your PC Serviced
Calling For Support Be able to talk to Friends & Grandchildren
Its Fun
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
17/50
Hardware Overview
PC Versus MAC
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
18/50
Examples of PC computers
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
19/50
Examples of MAC computers
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
20/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTSCPU/PROCESSOR
The CPU refers to the microprocessorchip. Sometimes the Tower is called the
CPU.
Its speed is measured in Megahertz
(MHZ) (Millions of cycles per second) orGigahertz (GHZ) Billions of cycles per
second. (A cycle is the time required for the CPU to execute
an instruction step).
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
21/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTSRam Random Access Memory
Ram is the memory used by the computerto run programs.
The amount of Ram available will
determine how fast a program will run andhow many windows can be open at onetime.
Ram memory is considered Volatilebecause it disappears when the power isturned off.
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
22/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTSHard Drive
The Hard Drive is the computers main,long term storage.
It is referred to as non-volatile storage,because it does not disappear when thepower is turned off.
The size of the Hard Drive is measured inGigabytes. (Billions of Bytes).
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
23/50
RAM VERSUS HARD DRIVE
If we use the analogyof a desk: Then thework we are doing on
the desk top would beusing the RAM andthe work we store inthe file drawers would
be on the HARDDRIVE.
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
24/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Mother Board (This is where most of the
electronics is located).
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
25/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Case (Tower,Chassis,Box)
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
26/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Modem (ModulatorDemodulator).
(Used for internet accesswith phone line).
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
27/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Power Supply
250 500 Watts
DO NOT OPEN
(This is the power sourcethat makes everything go).
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
28/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Audio Card This is the voice of your
system).
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
29/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Floppy Drive
1.44 MB (This item is fast becoming
obsolete).
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
30/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Network Card (Used to connect to high
speed internet access e.g.Cable or DSL lines).
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
31/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Tape Drive Can storeGigabytes of data.
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
32/50
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Video Card (Provides visual images to
the monitor. Also used incomputer games, to provide
additional memory for visualeffects).
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
33/50
PERIPHERALS
Monitors
CRT Vs LCD
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
34/50
PERIPHERALS
Printers (Might be Ink Jet, Bubble Jet,
Laser or whatever themanufacturers invent
tomorrow).
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
35/50
PERIPHERALS
Video Cameras
(Also calledwebcams)
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
36/50
POWER PROTECTION
Uninterruptible PowerSupply
(UPS) 280 VA 400
VA (Essentially a battery
back-up in case of apower failure)
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
37/50
KEYBOARD
The Keyboard
(This is the primaryinput device)
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
38/50
KEYBOARD
Alphanumeric Keys
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
39/50
KEYBOARD
Numeric Keypad
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
40/50
KEYBOARD
Enter (Return) Key
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
41/50
KEYBOARD
Spacebar
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
42/50
KEYBOARD
Modifier keys:
CTRL, ALT, SHIFT
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
43/50
KEYBOARD
State keys: Caps,
Scroll, Numlock
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
44/50
KEYBOARD
Windows keys
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
45/50
MOUSE
Holding the mouse
Grip between thumband ring finger
(Right handed gripshown, Lefties useother hand)
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
46/50
MOUSE
Mouse Pointer
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
47/50
MOUSE
Left Clicking
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
48/50
MOUSE
Right clicking
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
49/50
MOUSE
Double clicking
(Use the left side,
Click twice)
8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)
50/50
MOUSE
Click and drag