Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)

8/2/2019 Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)

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AN INTRODUCTION TO

COMPUTERS

THIS CLASS IS DESIGNED AS A

BEGINNERS CLASS INCOMPUTING


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OBJECTIVES

Learn Basic Computer Terminology

Difference Between Hardware andSoftware

Understanding Computer Components

Basic Keyboard and Mouse Usage

Proper Care For your PC


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PREREQUISITES

There are no prerequisites.


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DEFINITION

What is a Computer? computer Pronunciation key (km-pytr)

n. A device that computes, especially a

programmable electronic machine that performshigh-speed mathematical or logical operations orthat assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwiseprocesses information.

One who computes. (American Heritage Dictionary, 4th ed. Pub.

2000)


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THE LANGUAGE OF

COMPUTERSBinary Numbers


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Binary Numbers 1 of 3

Computers speak binary. Binary language consists of combinations of 1'sand 0's that represent characters of other languages (in our case theEnglish language). Dont make the mistake of thinking that little 1's and 0's

are running around inside of the computer. We humans prefer to think of1's and 0's because its easier than visualizing positive and negative

current flows or open and closed circuits which is what actually happensinside computers. A combination of eight bits represents one character inour language. One character in our language (eight bits) is referred to as a

byte. (For example: 01000001 is a byte that represents an uppercase A;each 1 or 0 is a bit.)


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Kilobytes, Megabytes, and Gigabytes

If you understand that a byte is one character inour language, youve got it made because:

1000 bytes = 1 kilobyte

(1,000 characters = 1 kilobyte)

1,000,000 bytes = 1 megabyte

(1,000,000 characters = 1 megabyte) 1,000,000,000 bytes = 1 gigabyte

(1,000,000,000 characters = 1 gigabyte)


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Disk Capacity Its important to know how large your files are because eventually you wont

have enough space on your disk to hold more files. Knowing the totalcapacity of your disk, how much space is left on your disk, and how largethe file is, you can make accurate decisions as to whether to save the file tothe current disk, or save the file to a different diskette with more disk

capacity. Keep in mind that a low density floppy diskette holds 720 kilobytes of data,and a high density floppy diskette holds 1.44 megabytes of data. Put ineasier to understand terms, a low density disk can hold approximately 300typed pages and a high density can hold approximately 600 typed pages.Zip disks have 100 megabytes of disk capacity (about $10.00 each) or 250megabytes of disk capacity (about $15.00 each). CD-ROMS have 650megabytes of capacity (about $1.00 each) or 700 megabytes of capacity(about $1.50 each). Super Disks have 120 megabytes of disk capacity(about $12.00 each). Hard drives (disk drives inside of the computer) mighthold anywhere from 30 megabytes (old computers) to 80 gigabytes (newcomputers) of data. Most computers today are sold with anywhere from a 5gigabyte (portable/laptop computers) to a 120 gigabyte (desktop computers)disk capacity.


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THIS IS A FEW OF THE

DIFFERENT TYPES ofCOMPUTERS

Desk top

Lap TopHand Held

computer

computerComputer

computer


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DEFINITION

Hardware Vs. SoftwareIf you can touch it, its hardware


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Examples of Hardware
http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/printer.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/draw-tab.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/lptp4.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/earphone.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/digtlcmr.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/comp-mse.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/compkey.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/cd.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/comp-twr.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/pc-card.htmlhttp://classroomclipart.com/cgi-bin/kids/imageFolio.cgi?action=view&link=Computers&image=Computer.gif&img=&tt=http://classroomclipart.com/cgi-bin/kids/imageFolio.cgi?action=view&link=Computers&image=Disk2Red.gif&img=&tt=http://regman.freeze.com/cgi-bin/coreg/cacastle2.asp?num=Access%20200%20high%20quality%20animations&cat=animationshttp://www.barrysclipart.com/barrysclipart.com/showphoto.php?photo=27425&papass=&sort=1&thecat=174http://www.clipartconnection.com/clipartconnection.com/showphoto.php?photo=12982&papass=&sort=1&thecat=167


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The Programs that are on the disksare software
http://classroomclipart.com/cgi-bin/kids/imageFolio.cgi?action=view&link=Computers&image=Disk2Red.gif&img=&tt=http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/cd.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/comp-twr.html


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Definition of User
http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/cmpsilho.html


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Uses for a PC

Word Processing Desktop Publishing Database Management

Spreadsheets Communication Finance Education

Entertainment News and Information Doorstop


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Tips for Beginners

Explore Your Computer

Mistakes wont Kill You

EDIT/ UNDO is your Friend

Be persistent

Apply what you Learn

Dont try to learn too fast

Walk away if you get frustrated

Have Fun


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Why Learn This Stuff?

Buying a PC

Having Your PC Serviced

Calling For Support Be able to talk to Friends & Grandchildren

Its Fun


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Hardware Overview

PC Versus MAC


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Examples of PC computers


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Examples of MAC computers


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SYSTEM COMPONENTSCPU/PROCESSOR

The CPU refers to the microprocessorchip. Sometimes the Tower is called the

CPU.

Its speed is measured in Megahertz

(MHZ) (Millions of cycles per second) orGigahertz (GHZ) Billions of cycles per

second. (A cycle is the time required for the CPU to execute

an instruction step).


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SYSTEM COMPONENTSRam Random Access Memory

Ram is the memory used by the computerto run programs.

The amount of Ram available will

determine how fast a program will run andhow many windows can be open at onetime.

Ram memory is considered Volatilebecause it disappears when the power isturned off.


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SYSTEM COMPONENTSHard Drive

The Hard Drive is the computers main,long term storage.

It is referred to as non-volatile storage,because it does not disappear when thepower is turned off.

The size of the Hard Drive is measured inGigabytes. (Billions of Bytes).


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RAM VERSUS HARD DRIVE

If we use the analogyof a desk: Then thework we are doing on

the desk top would beusing the RAM andthe work we store inthe file drawers would

be on the HARDDRIVE.


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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Mother Board (This is where most of the

electronics is located).


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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Case (Tower,Chassis,Box)


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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Modem (ModulatorDemodulator).

(Used for internet accesswith phone line).


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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Power Supply

250 500 Watts

DO NOT OPEN

(This is the power sourcethat makes everything go).


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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Audio Card This is the voice of your

system).


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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Floppy Drive

1.44 MB (This item is fast becoming

obsolete).


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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Network Card (Used to connect to high

speed internet access e.g.Cable or DSL lines).


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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Tape Drive Can storeGigabytes of data.


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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Video Card (Provides visual images to

the monitor. Also used incomputer games, to provide

additional memory for visualeffects).


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PERIPHERALS

Monitors

CRT Vs LCD


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PERIPHERALS

Printers (Might be Ink Jet, Bubble Jet,

Laser or whatever themanufacturers invent

tomorrow).


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PERIPHERALS

Video Cameras

(Also calledwebcams)


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POWER PROTECTION

Uninterruptible PowerSupply

(UPS) 280 VA 400

VA (Essentially a battery

back-up in case of apower failure)


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KEYBOARD

The Keyboard

(This is the primaryinput device)


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KEYBOARD

Alphanumeric Keys


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KEYBOARD

Numeric Keypad


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KEYBOARD

Enter (Return) Key


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KEYBOARD

Spacebar


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KEYBOARD

Modifier keys:

CTRL, ALT, SHIFT


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KEYBOARD

State keys: Caps,

Scroll, Numlock


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KEYBOARD

Windows keys


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MOUSE

Holding the mouse

Grip between thumband ring finger

(Right handed gripshown, Lefties useother hand)


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MOUSE

Mouse Pointer


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MOUSE

Left Clicking


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MOUSE

Right clicking


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MOUSE

Double clicking

(Use the left side,

Click twice)


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MOUSE

Click and drag

Ch 1 Intro to Computers(Part 1)

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