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Intro to Computers Understanding Computers and Computer Literacy
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Page 1: Intro to Computers Understanding Computers and Computer Literacy.

Intro to Computers

Understanding Computers and Computer Literacy

Page 2: Intro to Computers Understanding Computers and Computer Literacy.

Computer Concepts BASICS - 2

Objectives

Discuss the history of computers.Define the term computer and describe a

computer system.Describe the five computer classification

categories.

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Objectives (cont.)

Describe the two types of computer software.Describe communications and networks. Identify how we use computers and

technology in our daily lives

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Introducing Computers

Computers are considered one of the most important conventions of the 20th century.

Their widespread use affects us individually and as a society.

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A Brief History of the Computer

•The first computers were developed in the late _____ and early ______.

•In 1971, Dr. Ted Hoff developed the ________________.

•Steve _____ and Steve Wozniak built the first ________ computer in 1976.

The IBM PC wasintroduced in 1981.

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What Is a Computer?

A computer is an ______________ that Receives data _________ _____________ the data it receives Stores the data in __________ or on some

storage device, such as a disk or CD Outputs information on a device, such as a

___________________

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What Is a Computer System?

A _____________________ includes hardware, software, data, information, and people.___________: The machine including the

wires, transistors, and so on___________: Instructions or programs that

control the computer________: Text, numbers, sound, images,

video_____________: Output_____________: Users of the computer

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The Processing Cycle of a Computer

This figure shows the typical _________________________

Once it receives a set of data, the computer _____________ it and produces a _________ at the end of the cycle.

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Are Computers Intelligent?

As complex as some computers may be, they all essentially perform two operations: _____________ operations such as addition,

subtraction, multiplication, and division _____________ operations, such as

comparing two values and taking some action based on the result of the comparison

Greater than, less than, or equal to

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What Makes a Computer So Powerful?

Although computers perform only basic operations, they Perform those ___________ very quickly Produce ______________ results Store large amounts of _____ Provide versatility through various __________ Share _________ with other computers Are becoming more powerful and easier to use

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Classifying Computers

Two categories of computers: _____________ purpose

Used to control devices, such as radar detection or a microwave oven

_____________ purposeFive categories based on size, function, cost,

and performance

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General-Purpose Computers

__________: Personal computer in which all components fit on or under a desk

________: Personal computers, such as notebook computers and tablet PCs

____________: Used by medium-sized companies; generally supports hundreds of users

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General-Purpose Computers (cont.)

____________: Large, very expensive machines that can support thousands of users; used by large corporations

______________: Used for specialized operations requiring mathematical operations

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Types of Personal Computers

Desktop Computer Notebook Handheld

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Computer Software

Two basic types ____________: Performs specific tasks for

users (example: word processing) _________: Software that controls the

computer’s operating system (example: Microsoft Windows)

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Electronic Communications

________________________ is the technology that allows computers to talk to each other and to other devices.

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Electronic Communications (cont.)

The four components of electronic communication are _________: The computer sending a

message _________: The computer receiving the

message _________: The media that carries the

message _________: The rules that govern the

processing of a message between computers

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Electronic Communication Components

Computer A sends a message to Computer B.

The message travels via the channel, following the rules defined by the protocol being used so that each computer can understand the message.

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Network Systems

A __________ consists of multiple computers connected to each other to share data and resources.

__________________ programs usually are stored on a central computer called a server.

When network computers are located in the same general area, such as the same building or a department, it is called a local area network.

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A Typical Network Layout

In a typical network layout, the client or user computers are connected to a hub, which also is connected to the server.

Client or user computers

Data and programs are stored on the server. All clients can access data and pro-grams through the server and can access the printer attached to the server.

Hub

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Other Types of Networks

Some other types of networks in common use today are as follows: ___________: This is a network that may be

set up for employees of a business or students at a university that is not accessible to users outside of those institutions.

___________: This typically is an intranet that allows certain users, such as suppliers or customers, to access the internal network.

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The Internet

The _________ evolved from a government research project that enabled the military and scientists around the world to share information. Today, it is the largest network in the world. Millions of people use it daily. It is a critical and valuable business tool

used by businesses of all sizes.

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Technology for Everyday Life

Examples of the ways in which our lives are affected by computers daily: Electronic security systems ________ Government research operations Computerized appliances

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Computers in Our Future

Computers of the future will be ______________ More __________ More people will work from home. ________________ will be commonplace.

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Summary

Computers have been around for more than 60 years.

A computer is an electronic device that receives data, processes data, and produces information.

A computer derives its power from its speed, reliability, accuracy, storage, and communications capability.

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Summary (cont.)

Computer classifications include personal computers (desktop and notebook), mobile devices, mid-range servers, mainframes, and supercomputers.

The two basic types of software are application software and system software.

Electronic communications enable computers to communicate with each other and other devices.

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Summary (cont.)

A network is a group of two or more connected computers, an intranet is a closed network within an organization, and an extranet is a closed network for an organization and its customers and suppliers.

The Internet is the world’s largest network.

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Summary (cont.)

Computers and technology affect almost every facet of our daily lives.

Computers in our future will be more powerful and less expensive.

Computer literacy is the ability to use a computer and its software to accomplish practical tasks.