Foreign Policy

Slide 1

Foreign PolicyYou are going to learn how the United states responded to early foreign policy challenges and discuss how much the nation should have become involved in world affairs.U.S. Foreign PolicyDefinition: A countrys actions, words, beliefs toward/about other countriesGoals: 1.) Protect U.S and Americans2.) support economic growth and human rights3.)increase support of values like democracy and freedomKey playersPresident and Executive Branch begin policyLegislative (Congress) carries out the policies.TreatiesDef: Formal agreement between countries

Who? President negotiates and signsSenate approves with a 2/3 vote

Example: Alliance between two countries to protect one anotherPg. 225Read Section 1. Based on what you just read, propose some possible answers to the Essential Question To what extent should the United states have become involved in world affairs in the early 1800s?

President Washington Creates A Foreign PolicyForeign Threats in 1789Unfriendly neighbors surround the countryThe British refused to leave the Ohio ValleyThe U.S. was still allied with France, which was at war with Great BritainGeorge Washington has just given his farewell address.Complete the statement to explain the foreign policy he thinks the United States should pursue.

I have declared a policy of neutrality and isolationism. This means We will stay out of the affairs of other nations and avoid forming alliancesDilemma 1In this activity, you will play the role of foreign policy advisors to four U.S. presidents.

You will be summoned to the White House to make recommendations on how to respond to four foreign policy dilemmas faced by the United states.

Before you can make your recommendations, youll have to do some background reading.

John AdamsThomas JeffersonJames Madison

James MonroeRead Section 3, President Adamss Dilemma: Protecting U.S. ShipsWhat did the Jay Treaty Resolve?

How did the French respond to the treaty?

The British agreed to pull their troops from the Ohio Valley.

The French viewed the Jay Treaty as a violation of its own treaty with the United States and began to attack U.S. ships

How did Congress react to the XYZ affair?Congress recruited an Army, built new ships for the Navy and authorized war ships and privateers to launch a half war on the seas.Step 4 & 5For each dilemma, your group will:Discuss all of your options.Prepare arguments in support of one option and in opposition to the other options.Choose a spokesperson to present your groups recommendations to the President.

President Adams Foreign Policy Dilemma

What should President Adams do to protect U.S. Ships?

Option A Declare war on France immediately

Option B Form a military alliance with Great Britain and declare war on France together

Option C Do not go to war but try to negotiate with France

Option D End all overseas shippingDilemma 1You will now meet with President Adams to advise him on how to respond to this foreign policy dilemma.

Esteemed Advisors, thank you for meeting with me. I am interested in your recommendations about how I should respond to this foreign policy dilemma. We will discuss each option.

Each spokesperson who supports Option A, please stand.

Each spokesperson who supports Option B, please stand.

Each spokesperson who supports Option C, please stand.

Each spokesperson who supports Option D, please stand.

Thank you advisors, I will take your recommendations into account as I make my decision.Now read section 4, WHAT HAPPENEDAdams Pursues Peace in the Student Text on page 229.

Complete the Reading Notes for this section in your packet.

Describe what President Adams did to protect U.S. ships in the Atlantic Ocean. Then explain whether you think he pursued the best foreign policy option.

President Adams sent a peace mission to France. French Leader Napoleon had already ended seizing American ships. U.S. made a treaty with France to end 1778 treaty in exchange for U.S. paying cost of ships seized by France.DilemmaMark an X along the spectrum to indicate where President Adams response to attacks on U.S. ships falls.

Dilemma 2To prepare for the next round, read Section 5, President Jeffersons Dilemma: Dealing with PiratesComplete the Reading Notes for the section in your Interactive Student

1. Why did Great Britain impress U.S. sailors in the early 1800s.Great Britain impressed U.S. sailors to serve in the British Navy. They claimed the men were British deserters.Create a simple drawing to represent the problem of piracy by the Barbary States of North Africa. Then explain President Jeffersons dilemma.

Jefferson had to decide whether to pay tribute to the ruler of Tripoli or go to war with the Barbary States.President Jeffersons Foreign Policy Dilemma

How should President Jefferson deal with piracy in the Mediterranean Sea?

Option A: Pay the increased tribute to the Tripoli ruler and avoid war.

Option B: Send a peace envoy to Tripoli to negotiate

Option C: Send warships to the Mediterranean Sea to protect U.S. shipping interests.

Option D: End all U.S. shipping in the Mediterranean Sea.

How did Jefferson respond to piracy in the Mediterranean Sea?Jefferson sent a small fleet of warships to protect American ships. America bombarded Tripoli with cannons.

A peace treaty was signed that ended Tripoli asking for tribute in return for U.S. paying 60,000 in ransom for kidnapped crew members.Mark an X along the spectrum to indicate where President Jeffersons response to piracy in the Mediterranean falls, Mark an O to indicate whether his response to seizures of U.S. ships by Great Britain and France reflected more isolationism or more involvement.

TombstonesCriteria for Each PresidentName of PresidentDates of PresidencyExplain presidential DilemmaWhat was the Presidents decision? Do you agree or disagree? Why or why not?Symbol that represents the Foreign Policy choice.Tombstones?

Thomas Jeffersons tombstone

Here was buried Thomas Jefferson, Author of the Declaration of American IndependenceFather of the University of VirginiaJefferson Davis tombstone

At rest an American soldier who defended the ConstitutionBenjamin Franklins tombstone

The Body of B. Franklin, printerLike the Cover of an old BookIts Contents torn outAnd stripped of its Lettering & guildingLies here food for wormsFor, it will as he believed appear once moreIn a new and more elegant editionCorrected and improved by the Author."Mel Blancs tombstone

Thats all, folks!Dilemma 3To prepare for this situation, read section 12:7 (pg. 232)President Madisons Dilemma: Protecting Sailors and Settlers Complete the graphic organizer for section 7 about our reasons for going to war in 1812Reasons for going to war in 1812Impressment of sailorsNational prideMaking the frontier safe for settlementPresident Madisons Foreign Policy Dilemma

Video: The War of 1812

Dilemma 3: ResolutionNow read section 12.8What Happened: The War of 1812

War of 1812: Timeline1812181318141815July 1812: Congress declares war on Great BritainSeptember 1813: U.S. Naval force captures a British fleet on Lake ErieAugust 1814: British army invades Washington, DCDecember 1814: U.S. and British diplomats sign peace treaty in BelgiumJanuary 1815: Battle of New Orleans

Dilemma 3: SpectrumMark an X along the spectrum to indicate where President Madisons decision to declare war on Great Britain falls. Make sure you write a sentence justifying your placement.

Dilemma 4: President MonroeTo prepare for this situation, read section 12.9 (page 235)President Monroes Dilemma: A New Foreign Policy ChallengeWhy might the U.S. have been interested in supporting new Latin America nations in the early 1800s?We were genuinely concerned for the well-being of the new nations

Processing Activity: Foreign Policy Legacies

Events in Early American Foreign PolicyWashington: Establishes neutrality and isolationismAdams: Pursues peaceJefferson: Some military protection for ships, but stayed isolated with Embargo ActMadison: Abandons isolationism and declares War of 1812