Ms. Hartnett's Earth Science1. 2 3 4 Canada and Northern California.

Ms. Hartnett's Earth Science 1




Canada and Northern California


“Circumpacific Ring of Fire” – this is another fancy name for the plate boundaries. This is because most of the world’s earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain formations are on plate boundaries.


There are three major lines of evidence that show that the continents were once all attached.

1. The outlines of the continents appear to fit together like puzzle pieces. Look at North America, South America, and Africa.

2. Rocks on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean match up in terms of type, sequence, and age.

3. Fossils of the same species of plants and animals are found on continents that are widely separated by oceans.


Caused by compressional forces




The rock layers are slanted because of tectonic forces.

TILTING



The Oceanic Crust subsides under the Continental Crust because it is thinner and more dense.



North American Plate Eurasian Plate


Mid-Atlantic Ridge Rift SystemDivergent Plate Boundary


Tectonic plates are sliding past each other.Western California is moving north-west, not into the Pacific Ocean.


Fault LineWhat type of fault is this?


Black Smoker

Black Smokers are chimney-like structures made up of sulfur-bearing minerals or sulfides, that come from beneath Earth's crust. They form when hot (roughly 350C), mineral-rich water flows out onto the ocean floor through the volcanic lava on a mid-ocean ridge volcano.


Mount Pinatubo Volcanic Eruption




Tsunamis are primarily associated with earthquakes in oceanic and coastal regions. Landslides, volcanic eruptions, nuclear explosions, and even impacts of objects from outer space (such as meteorites, asteroids, and comets) can also generate tsunamis.


The phenomenon we call a tsunami (soo-NAH-mee) is a series of waves of extremely long wavelength and long period generated in a body of water by an impulsive disturbance that displaces the water.




Liquefaction is a phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking.

This occurs in saturated soils, that is, soils in which the space between individual particles is completely filled with water.



Island chains are formed when sections of the crust move over Hot Spots. I

Hot spots are areas within the crust, not anywhere near plate boundaries, where lava rises through the crust.



Ms. Hartnett's Earth Science1. 2 3 4 Canada and Northern California.

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Ms. Hartnett's Earth Science1. 2 3 4 Canada and Northern California.