MATERIAL STUDY

BY ADITYA SINGH3 rd SEM. B. ARCH.

I.D.P.I.A.D.S DESIGN

GRAVEL SAND

SILT CLAY

MATERIAL TO STUDY :-

GRAVEL

1. Gravel is rock that is of a specific particle size range

2.  It is any loose rock that is larger than 2 mm (0.079 in) in its smallest dimension (about 1/12 of an inch) and no more than 64 mm (2.5 in).

3. Types4. 1. Bank gravel: 2. Bench gravel 3. Creek rock 4. Crushed rock 5. Fine gravel etc. . . . . .

1. Stone and different types and size are found. 2. Natural action of river and waves tends to pile up large and small GRAVEL. 3. It is Brownish and Redish in color.4. It is Hard rock and little smooth surface5. It is a important commercial product. 6. It is used in ROADWAYS are Surface with GRAVEL. 7. Also used as concrete in constructions.

SAND

1. Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.

2. sand particles range in diameter from 0.0625mm (or 1⁄16 mm, or 62.5 micrometers) to 2 millimeters.

3. The most common constituent of sand, in inland continental settings and non-tropical coastal settings, is silica (silicon dioxide, or SiO2).

Sand from Pismo Beach, California. Components are primarily quartz, chert,igneous rock and shell fragments. Scale bar is 1.0 mm

Sand from Coral Pink Sand Dunes State Park, Utah. These are grains of quartz with a hematite coating providing the orange color. Scale bar is 1.0 mm.Sand sorting tower at a gravel extraction pit

SILT

1. Silt is granular material of a grain size between sand and clay derived from soil or rock. Silt may occur as a soil or as suspended sediment (also known as suspended load) in a surfacewater body. It may also exist as soil deposited at the bottom of a water body.

2. Silt is easily transported in water or other liquids and is fine enough to be carried long distances by air in the form of dust.

3. Silts are very fine material as compare with sand.

Silt deposits around house and car in New Orleans left by flooding from a breach in theLondon Avenue Canal

Silt brick are used in construction in modern constructions

Silt floor in DUBAI.

CLAY

1. Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine-grained minerals.

2. Which impart plasticity and harden when fired or dried.

3. Clay minerals are typically formed over long periods of time by the gradual chemical weathering of rocks, usually silicate-bearing, by low concentrations of carbonic acid and other diluted solvents.

Clay layers in a construction site. Dry clay is normally much more stable than sand with regard to excavations.