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INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

Chapter 1

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DEFINITION OF HRDA set of systematic and planned

activities designed by an organization to provide its members with the necessary skills to meet current and future job demands.

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EVOLUTION OF HRD Early apprenticeship programs Early vocational education programs Early factory schools Early training for unskilled/semiskilled Human relations movement Establishment of training profession Emergence of HRD

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DEFINITION OF TERMS occupation (n.) early 14c., "fact of holding or possessing;"

mid-14c., "a being employed in something," also "a particular action," from Old French occupacion "pursuit, work, employment; occupancy, occupation" (12c.), from Latin occupationem (nominative occupatio) "a taking possession; business, employment," noun of action from past participle stem of occupare (see occupy). Meaning "employment, business in which one engages" is late 14c. That of "condition of being held and ruled by troops of another country" is from 1940.

A job is a regular activity performed in exchange for payment. A person usually begins a job by becoming an employee, volunteering, or starting a business. The duration of a job may range from an hour (in the case of odd jobs) to a lifetime (in the case of some judges). If a person is trained for a certain type of job, they may have a profession. The series of jobs a person holds in their life is their career.

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Werner & DeSim

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Apprenticeship is a system of training a new generation of practitioners of a structured competency a basic set of skills

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EARLY APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMSArtisans in 1700sArtisans had to train their own

workersGuild schoolsYeomanries (early worker unions)

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GUILD SCHOOL A guild /ɡɪld/ is an association of artisans or

merchants who control the practice of their craft in a particular town. The earliest types of guild were formed as confraternities of workers. They were organized in a manner something between a professional association, trade union, a cartel, and a secret society. They often depended on grants of letters patent by a monarch or other authority to enforce the flow of trade to their self-employed members, and to retain ownership of tools and the supply of materials. A lasting legacy of traditional guilds are the guildhalls constructed and used as meeting places.

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one (2006)EARLY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS1809 – DeWitt Clinton’s manual

school1863 – President Lincoln signs the

Land-Grant Act promoting A&M colleges

1917 – Smith-Hughes Act provides funding for vocational education at the state level

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EARLY FACTORY SCHOOLSIndustrial Revolution increases

need for trained workers to design, build, and repair machines used by unskilled workers

Companies started machinist and mechanical schools in-house

Shorter and more narrowly-focused than apprenticeship programs

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Werner & DeSim

one (2006)EARLY TRAINING FOR UNSKILLED/SEMISKILLED WORKERSMass production (Model T)

Semiskilled and unskilled workersProduction line – one task = one

workerWorld War I

Retool & retrain“Show, Tell, Do, Check” (OJT)

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Werner & DeSim

one (2006)MASS PRODUCTION (MODEL T)

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MODEL T Henry Ford designed his first moving assembly

line in 1913, and revolutionized the manufacturing processes of his Ford Model T.

This assembly line, at the first Ford plant in Highland Park, Michigan, became the benchmark for mass production methods around the world.  A simple idea It was Henry's intention to produce the largest number of cars, to the simplest design, for the lowest possible cost. When car ownership was confined to the privileged few, Henry Ford's aim was to "put the world on wheels" and produce an affordable vehicle for the general public.

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HUMAN RELATIONS MOVEMENTFactory system often abused

workers“Human relations” movement

promoted better working conditions

Start of business & management education

Tied to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

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Maslow wanted to understand what motivates people. He believed that individuals possess a set of motivation systems unrelated to rewards or unconscious desires.

Maslow (1943) stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs. When one need is fulfilled a person seeks to fulfill the next one, and so on.

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Werner & DeSim

one (2006)ESTABLISHMENT OF THE TRAINING PROFESSION Outbreak of WWII increased the need

for trained workers Federal government started the

Training Within Industry (TWI) program 1942 – American Society for Training

Directors (ASTD) formed

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EMERGENCE OF HRD

Employee needs extend beyond the training classroom

Includes coaching, group work, and problem solving

Need for basic employee development Need for structured career development ASTD changes its name to the American

Society for Training and Development

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one (2006)RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HRM AND HRD Human resource management (HRM)

encompasses many functions Human resource development (HRD) is

just one of the functions within HRM

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SELF-CHECK 1. A set of systematic and planned activities designed

by an organization to provide its members with the necessary skills to meet current and future job demands.

2. A system of training a new generation of practitioners of a structured competency a basic set of skills

3. An association of artisans or merchants who control the practice of their craft in a particular town.

4. He designed his first moving assembly line in 1913, and revolutionized the manufacturing processes of his Ford Model T

5. His theory stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs. When one need is fulfilled a person seeks to fulfill the next one, and so on.

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ANSWER KEY1. Human Resource Development2. Apprenticeship3. Guild Schools 4. Henry Ford5. Abraham Maslow

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one (2006)CHOOSE THE WORDS THAT IS DESCRIBED BY THE STATEMENT (2 POINTS EACH)1. Henry Ford2. Human Resource

Development3. Apprenticeship4. Guild Schools5. Abraham Maslow6. Industrial Revolution7. Job

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NO. 15-17

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NO. 18-20