1942Mark 1, First

electromechanical computer, using

mechanical devices, weighed 5 tons, it used about

750,000 parts

1946ENIAC, First Electronic

High-Speed, General-Purpose

Computer Using Vacuum

Tubes

1951LEO &

UNIVAC, First commercial automatic computers

1943Electronic

vacuum tubes, Controlling

electric current through a vacuum

in a sealed container

1949EDSAC & EDVAC,

First stored-program computers

1951 – 1958Were used vacuum tubes

as main logic element, punch cards (external) and rotating magnetic

drums (internal) to stare data, and compilers to

transform codes.

1959 – 1963Were used transistors

(with semiconductors) as main logic element and magnetic tape and disks (external), and magnetic cores (internal) to store

data.

1964 – 1979 Were used integrated

circuits as logic element, and magnetic

core internal memories began to give way to metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) memory. They used silicon-

backed chips.

1977Apple ][, first highly

successful mass-produced personal

microcomputer, designed by Steve

Wozniak.

1979 – PresentIntegrated circuits became

large-scale and very large-scale (LSIs and VLSICs); memory,

logic, and control circuits (an entire CPU) were in

microprocessors; they appeared home-use PC’s; language software are very easy.

1940 Onwards

1984First Apple Mac

(Macintosh), targeted mainly at the home, education, and creative professional

markets, by Apple Inc.

1981IBM PC (personal computer), and

MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System), was developped.

BeyondNow, they’re being developed

artificial intelligence, applications, parallel

processing, superconductors, quantum computation,

nanotechnology, etc., to improve computers, and they

are more and more technological.