Fundamental elements of computer

• 1. FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS OFA COMPUTER

2. 3. Output Device System Unit Input Devices 4. SYSTEM UNIT

• THE CORE OF A COMPUTER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PROCESSING AND STORING DATA AND CONTROLS ALL COMPUTER FUNCTIONS.

5. 6. 7. 8. 9. THE SYSTEM CASE

• IS A PLASTIC AND METAL BOX THAT HOUSES COMPONENTS SUCH AS MOTHERBOARD, DISK DRIVES AND POWER SUPPLY UNIT

10. SYSTEM CASE TYPE

• DESKTOP CASE-is designed to sit horizontally on a surface so that it is wider than it is long.

11. TOWER CASE

• IS DESIGNED TO SIT VERTICALLY ON A SURFACE SO THAT IT IS HIGHER THAN IT IS WIDE.

12. PARTS OF THE CASE 13. MOTHERBOARD

• IS THE MOST IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF YOUR COMPUTER, ONE POINT OR ANOTHER, EVERY OTHER COMPONENT CONNECTS TO THE MOTHERBOARD

14. 15. 16. THE CPU

• TheC entralP rocessingU nit- is the device that interprets and executes instructions. The CPU is the chip that functions as the brain of a computer.

17. 18. MEMORY 19. MAIN MEMORY

• VERY CLOSELY CONNECTED TO THE PROCESSOR.

• THE CONTENTS ARE QUICKLY AND EASILY CHANGED.

• HOLDS THE PROGRAMS AND DATA THAT PROCESSOR IS ACTIVELY WORKING WITH.

• INTERACTS WITH THE PROCESSOR MILLIONS OF TIMES PER SECOND.

20. RAM(Random Access Memory

• Means the memory cells can be accessed in any order.

• Its just a normal memory which means the computer can store, retrieve, alter or delete any items. It can be read and write. (volatile)

21. DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module)

• A computer RAM or main memory is build from a small circuit board or memory chip called MEMORY MODULES.

• DIMM chips usually 64MB, 128MB or 256 MB, have to access pathways (read and write at the same time)

22. 23. ROM BIOS Read Only Memory Basic Input Output System

• Provides the industry standard program code that operates the fundamental components of the PC.

• Ensures that the design of each manufacturers motherboard is PC-compatible.

24. CMOS RAM ComplimentaryMetal-Oxide Semiconductor

• Stores the configuration of the PC (password, disk types, amount of memory installed, current time and date.)

• Require very little power to operate and use battery power to maintain their settings.

25. SECONDARY MEMORY

• IS WHERE PROGRAMS AND DATA ARE KEPT ON A LONG TERM BASIS.

• COMMON SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES ARE THE FLOPPY DISK, HARD DISK, AND COMPACT DISK, FLASH DISK.

26. FLOPPY DISK (DISKETTE)

• IS A ROUND BUT COMES PERMANENTLY SEALED IN A SQUARE DUST JACKET.

• THE TYPICAL 3 FLOPPY DISK CAN HOLDS 1.44 MB.

27. 28. HARD DISK

• MIGHT HAVE A CAPACITY OF 40 GB.

• IS NON REMOVABLE , ITS STUCK PERMANENTLY INSIDE THE SYSTEM UNIT

• ITS ALSO CALLED AS FIX DISK

29. 30. 31. COMPACT DISK CD

• A CD THAT HOLDS MUSIC IS CALLED Music CD or Audio CD)

• A CD THAT HOLDS computer data is called as data CD

• It is also called as CD ROM.

32. CD-RW (CD-ReWritable)

• A blank CD which you can write onto blank and then edit what you wrote.

DVD (Digital Versatile Disk)

• Can hold more information, a two hour movie or 4.7GB of data

33. OTHER PERIPHERAL DEVICES 34. VIDEO CARD

• A board that plugs into PC to give display capabilities

• It also called as video adapter, video board, video display board or graphics card.

35. 36. INTERNAL MODEM

• IN ORDER TO CONNECT TO THE INTERNET YOU NEED SOME FORM OF MODEM (Modulator/Demodulator)

• Modem convert (modulate) the digital code to analogue code, then convert them back (demodulate) at the other end.

37. 38. POWER SUPPLY

• SUPPLIES THE FUEL (POWER) FOR THE COMPUTER. CONVERT THE VOLTAGE NEEDED TO THE MOTHER BOARD AND DRIVES.

• IT ALSO CONTAINS A FAN HELPS IN COOLING THE COMPUTER

39. 40. IDE AND FLOPPY RIBBON CABLE

• IDE stands forIntegrated Device Electronics.

• This device contains wires that are used to transfer data between the motherboard and the drive/s.

41. End of the Lesson