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Introduction Of Computers
By Anoop kumar verma
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Definition Of Computer-
A Computer Is an electronic device that processesdata,converting it into information that is useful to people.
Monitor
CPU
Keyboard
The word Computer comes from the word computewhich means, To calculate
A Computer is also called a data processor because it canstore, process, and retrieve data whenever desired.
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Hardware- Physical Component of computer that can be touched
Software- Software is also know as program consist as a set ofInstruction for controlling
Data- Collection of raw materials, numericals, experience,observation ie Data
People- User of the computer
Processor- It is a activity of manipulating data by
computer to produce useful results.
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Arithmetical
Logical
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The activity of processing data using a computer is called data processin
(Data is raw material used as input and information is
processed data obtained as output of data processing)
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Properties of Computer-
Automatic:-Give a job, computer can work on it automaticallywithout human interventions
Speed:-
Computer can perform data processing jobs very fast, usuallymeasured in microseconds, nanoseconds & picoseconds
Accuracy:-Accuracy of a computer is consistently high & the degree of itsaccuracy depend upon it design. Computer errors caused due toincorrect input data.
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Diligence:-
Versatility:-
Power of Remembering:-
Computer is free from monotony, tiredness, and lack ofconcentration. It can continuously work for hours withoutcreating any error and without grumbling
Computer is capable of performing almost any task, if the task can bereduced to a finite series of logical steps
Computer recall any amount of information secondary storagecapability. It forgets information only when it is asked to do socan store and because of its or looses certain
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No I.Q.:-
No Feelings:-
A computer does only what it is programmed to do. It cannottake its own decision in this regard
Computers are devoid of emotions. Their judgement is based onthe instructions given to them in the form of programs that arewritten by us (human beings)
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-: Input device :-
Mouse
Keyboard Digitizer Joystick Electronic pen
Scanner Camera Mic Electronic-card Reader
1. It accepts (or reads) instructions and data from outside world
2.It converts these instructions and data in computer acceptable form
3. It supplies the converted instructions and data to the computer systemfor further processing
Ex :-
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-:Output device:-
Headphone Projector
Printers
Monitors Speaker
1. It accepts the results produced by the computer, which are in coded
form and hence, cannot be easily understood by us2. It converts these coded results to human acceptable (readable) form
3. It supplies the converted results to outside world
Ex :-
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Storage Unit Of Computer
The storage unit of a computer system holds
(or stores) the following:-
1. Data and instructions required for processing(received from input devices)
2. Intermediate results of processing
3. Final results of processing, before they are released
to an output device
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Two Types of Storage
1 Primary Storage OR Main Memory
Volatile (looses data on power dissipation)
Primary storage of modern computer system is made of
semiconductor devices
Used to hold running program instructions Used to hold data, intermediate results, and results ofongoing processing of job(s) Fast in operation Small Capacity Expensive
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2.Secondary storage OR Auxiliary storage:-
Used to hold stored program instructions
Used to hold data and information of stored jobs
Slower than primary storage
Large Capacity Lot cheaper than primary storage
Remains data even without power
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Computer Generation
Generation in computer talk is a step in technology.It provides a framework for the growth of computerindustry
First Generation (1942-1955)
Second Generation (1955-1964)
Third Generation (1964-1975)
Fourth Generation (1975-1989) Fifth Generation (1989- Present)
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Figure : Computer generation A Summary
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Figure : Computer generation A Summary
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Figure : Computer generation A Summary
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Figure : Computer generation A Summary
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Electronic Devices Used in Computers
of Different Generations
(First Generation) (Second Generation) (Third Generation)
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Types of Computer
On the basis of purpose On the basis of size
Analog Digital Hybrid Micro Computer
Mini Computer
Super Computer
Workstation
Portable Computer
Laptop
Notebook
Pomtap
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