Final project ICI

FOUNDATION IN NATURAL AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT

INTRODUCTION TO THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

FINAL PROJECT

LECTURER: PUAN HASMANIRA MOKHTAR

Group Members:

Kyla Ellana Binti Nazrin Diego 0322409

Kimberley Fay Bernard Lo 0324237

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CONTENTS

Title Page

Introduction 1

Objective 1

Introduction To Site 2-3

Site Analysis 3-6

Site Context 7

Proposal 1 8-26

Proposal 2 27-45

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INTRODUCTION.In this project, in a group of two students, we were given an interesting task from our respective lectures, Ms Ann See Peng and Puan Hasmanira Mokhtar, that we were to search for an empty land to initiate a small construction project. The size of the land must between 50m x 50m (2500㎡) to 50m x 70m (3500㎡) .

Individually, we were to propose ONE project that serves on any ONE (1) or combination of TWO (2) or more of the following purposes. Subsequently, we are required to identify the professions required in our development and list down the tasks each profession needs to do. The selection of construction project that were given to us were Recreation Area, Commercial Area, Industrial Area, Agricultural Area, Tourism Area and Tourism Area.

This project gave us a successful learning outcomes and we are able to explain the need to coordinate and develop and understanding of rational working relations among various industry players and to improve the communication channels. We were also able to document our observations and understanding from research resources as well communicating our findings in a systematic and convincing presentation and reports. Last but least, we are also able to justify the feasibility of a development and improve the proposal to serve the purpose of the development.

OBJECTIVE.

The objective of the project are to enable students to develop an understanding of the building team, its organization, duties and inter-relations. Also, to develop an awareness of their professional responsibilities and to appreciate their profession in the construction industry.

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INTRODUCTION TO THE SITE.

The site we have chosen is located in Ara Damansara, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, surrounded by residential area. The land that we chose is currently not in use and no development is seen in the site.

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OUR SITEEMPTY LAND

62.9 meter

45.3Meter

There are plenty of good reasons why we have chosen this site. But the main reason is because its location that could develop many different types of small construction project. This benefits the surrounding residents and gives a potential increase in land in the near future.

This gave us the opportunity to create an empty land to an amazing advanced and developed land.

SITE ANALYSIS

The plot of land that we have is an empty flat terrain with the size of approximately 3477.35 ㎡ and an altitude of 40 meters above ground.

The location of our site is located in the latitude of 3.123579 and the longitude of 101.586114. It is next to the main road and a junction as well as it is surrounded by residential areas.The residential playground can also be seen opposite our site. The amount of traffic site has is not very high as mostly resident drivers can be seen everyday throughout the day.

The climate analysis from the site could be hot or warm location. Normally, the weather temperature could be up to 34° celcius in the afternoon and about 30° celcius in the morning.

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SITE CONTEXT.

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Proposal 1:

Chill Feels Commercial Block

Name: Kyla Ellana Binti Nazrin Diego

Student ID: 0322409

INTRODUCTION

In this final project, in a group of two students, the task that were

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given to us was to find an empty land with the area range between of 2500㎡to 3500㎡ to initiate a small construction project.

We have researched on the types of building development given, namely, Recreation Area, Commercial Area, Industrial Area, Agricultural Area, Tourism Area and Residential Area. It is essential to include suggestion, rationale, benefits, site analysis, evaluation and the requirement needed for the project in this plan proposal.

Our group come out with the outcome to use the empty land in Ara Damansara, Petaling Jaya. Hence, for my individual task, I decided to propose and to build a Commercial Block in our chosen empty land.

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OBJECTIVE

The objective of building this construction is to :-

Serve as a commercial block to the residence around the site.

Provide convenience to the residence around the site, as well as saving the time, money, fuel and parking.

Having not to travel far away from your comfort home to do some retail or grocery shopping.

Provide an area for the housewives and students to buy grocery shopping, and chill by the cafe around the commercial block.

Provide good investment for the client.

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SKETCH OF MY PLAN PROPOSAL

This commercial block is named, ‘Chill Feels Commercial Block’ . It is filled with convenient stores. For instance, grocery store,

pharmacy, and mini cafe for students to hang out. This enables the residence to not have to travel so far from their comfort home to buy groceries, urgent medicines and students to hang out or chill

with their friends by the cafe.

The commercial block is a modern designed building that consist of two storeys. The ground floor is where the convenient stores and cafe is located and the second floor is where the second floor of the

grocery store, office and second floor of the cafe is located.

Although the exterior of the building is modernized, the interior of the grocery store is themed nature. There are two entrance for the grocery store. The first entrance is the main entrance with glass

pushed and pull door. While the second entrance is the back door for authorized personnel only. There are also staircase provided in

the grocery store which connect first and second floor of the grocery store.

The first floor for the grocery store is where the foods and drinks systematically kept in their shelves and places. While the second floor of the grocery store is where the stationeries and hardware

equipment are kept.

However, the pharmacy is located in the ground floor in between the cafe and the grocery store. The interior for the pharmacy

modern designed pharmacy. The products are well organized on the shelves.

Hence, The cafe with two storeys is located on the other corner of the commercial block and is designed to look and feel comfortable. As well as it is designed for a place to hang out or chill after a long

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day. The first floor of the cafe consist of well organized tables and wooden and few cushion chairs, the counter and both gender toilets. The second floor of the cafe is where there are various

types of games such as, pools, dart games and foosball tables for students or anyone above 13 years of age to hang out maybe after a long day or stressful assignments. There are also staircase provided

inside the cafe which connect the first and second floor.

Though, the office is located in the second floor in between the grocery store and cafe. The purpose of the office is for the people

who are managing the commercial block. There is a staircase provided just beside the pharmacy which connect to the office

entran

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BUILDING

BUILDING

PARKING LOTS

CIRCULATION

PLAN OF THE BUILDING

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GROCERY STORE

PHARMACY CAFE

STAIRS

TOILET

GROUND FLOOR

STAIRS

STAIRS

STAIRS

GROCERY STORE

OFFICE

CAFE

BALCONY

SECOND FLOOR

EXAMPLE OF THE FACILITIES.

- Grocery Store.

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ENTRANCE GLASS SLIDING DOOR

- Pharmacy.

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- Cafe.

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GROUND FLOOR

SECOND FLOOR

- Management Office.

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- Counter

- Office desks and chairs

Cafe Toilet

EXAMPLE ON HOW THE BUILDING WILL LOOK LIKE

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CONCEPT

This construction plan proposal is based on the 45.3m x 62.9m that is located in Ara Damansara, Petaling Jaya. The main goals for this

construction is to construct a place that benefits the residents around the site.

Throughout the investigation and observation we did around the site, I found that there is no convenient stores nearby the area.

Thus, I decided to propose and start a construction of a commercial block on the empty land of our site which provides a grocery store,

a pharmacy and a cafe that gives convenient and comfort to the residents around the site.

The residents can save their time, fuel and money away from their comforts home to buy grocery stores, urgent medicines and chill by

the amazing cafe.

After considered every single problem, I had come out of the design of my site which is a modernize looking building that are sustainable and environmental-friendly construction materials.

The building of the commercial block is generally an eco-friendly building that are built based on a green building concept. Though it

looks modernized, but the outer part of the building is a combination of steel and glass that are counted as one of the

elements of recycled-content building materials.

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RATIONALE AND BENEFITS

There are alot of benefits to build this commercial block. One of the benefits are, first, the location of the site is suitable and

strategic as it is surrounded by residents. The remainder area of empty spaces in the the commercial block can be definitely used as

carpark to make the circulation and access for the residents and public to the commercial block very convenient without

troublesome.

This construction plan is mainly targeting on the residents around the site as it has no convenient stores nearby. In fact, the

commercial block also consist of a chilling cafe that gives stress-free for the residents or public after a long day. Besides, this cafe

and also connects the relation between the neighborhood.

The convenient stores and cafe bring many benefits to the residents around the site. Not only just that it is only nearby to the residents around it, it also saves time, money, and fuel for them. They do not have to travel so far from their comfort home just to buy groceries

or their personal needs.

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PROFESSION INVOLVE

List of professions involve in the making of this construction project;-1) Contractor2) Landscape Architect3) Civil and Structural Engineer4) Mechanical and Electrical Engineer5) Architect6) Quantity Surveyor7) Supplier

CONTRACTOR.Contractors are responsible for the day-to-day oversight of the construction in the site.They manage the vendors, trades and communication of information to involved parties throughout the course of building the project. They are responsible for providing all materials, labors, equipment and services necessary for the construction of the project. The contractor requires to have these five top traits. The traits are alot of references, strong network of reliable sub-contractors, reliability of the contractors in building the project, competitive in pricing, and a very good personality. The contractor is responsible for completing the project on time within the budget.

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT.Before starting off a construction, a landscape architect need to do their research on the land of the project, including overseeing the design on variety of projects and maintaining the character of site’s natural beauty. They will conduct the preliminary studies of the site. For an example, the contours, soil and ecological and buidling and roads of the site. Hence, he can establish general landscape requirements with the clients. He also need to carry out the impact assessment on the environments. The Landscape Architect also

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needs to seek and into account views of local residents, potential users and parties with secured interest in the project. Then, the Landscape Architect will precisely prepare and present detailed plans and manage preliminary studies of the site. They will present few proposals for the client to choose, dealing with inquiries and negotiating any minor change to the final project. They also need to contact with any manufactures and suppliers to supply materials in building the landscape. They will frequently do site visit to ensure that it is on the right track and can be done before the deadline. It is also important for a Landscape Architect to communicate and cooperate with other professionals on the project.

CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEER.Structural engineers are responsible with the designing aesthetically pleasing buildings and structures that are safe and a capable of withstanding the elements of the building. They main task for the civil and structural engineer includes preparing reports, designs and drawings, make calculations about the stresses and provides technical advice. Structural Engineers must solve technical problems and help the architect achieve their vision of the project. Civil and Structural Engineers are definitely responsible in calculating the loads and stresses the construction will have to safely withstand. Before starting off to build the buildings, they are to investigate and survey the land of the site to determine the suitability of the earth for the requirement of the upcoming project. They will required to co-ordinate an work with other members of their projects, including engineers, environmental scientist, architects and landscape architects. They are also responsible for the delivery of materials and equipment for the needs of the construction project.

MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS.The mechanical engineering is the discipline that applies the principles of analysis, physics, material science for the design,

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engineering,, manufacturing, mechanical systems and maintenance. They work on a project from the opening of the brief, through the design and development stage to the testing phase. They follows the project through right up implementation, right down to producing details of specification and outline design. It is important and necessary for the Mechanical and Electrical engineers to discuss with the Architect and produce an electrical plan. During the construction, the engineers need to observe and monitor the installation process. After the construction, they still the responsibility on maintenance in certain time limit.

ARCHITECT.The architect is hired by the client to produce detailed designs of a concept or idea and in responsible to achieve their client wishes. The Architect needs to follow with the building and safety regulations, local planning regulations and restrictions. It is important to have client meetings to establish requirements and discuss detailed design proposals.During the documentation phase, they are responsible to produce design, detailed drawings using technology like CAD to test the feasibility of the design. They are required to consider about their client’s requirements, budget and regulations. Once the design is complete, finalized and well advised by the engineers, they are then can start with the project. Once the the project reaches the construction stage, the architect needs to be involve in site visits and meetings, overseeing the construction and signing off on various pieces of work, negotiating with contractors and dealing and solve any problems that arise.

QUANTITY SURVEYORS.The quantity surveyors manage all costs relating to build the building and civil engineers project, from the beginning to the final figures of calculations.Surveyors are responsible to seek and minimize the cost of a project and enhance the value for money, while still achieving the

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required standards and quality. They also need to understand the statutory building regulations.They will have to work with either for the client or the contractors working in an office or on site and prepare the estimation cost of the work.During the progress of the project, the quantity surveyors will have to keep track on any variations to the contract that affect costs and create reports to show profitability.

SUPPLIER.A supplier supplies materials, goods and services to the company or individuals for the construction project. They also need to ensure the quality of the materials.

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REFRENCES-http://www.dezeen.com/2014/08/13/dear-jingumae-commercial-

building-undulating-steel-facade-tokyo-amano-design-office/

-http://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/75929/real_estate/

the_top_five_traits_of_an_excellent_contractor.html

-http://work.chron.com/duties-responsibilities-architects-12956.html

-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_contractor

-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architect

-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape_architecture

-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineer

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Proposal 2:

Casarina Fitness Centre

Name: Kimberley Fay Bernard Lo

Student ID: 0324237

Project Concept

1.Health & FitnessThe proposed site focuses on a concept of health and fitness. The health and fitness concept brings people into a friendly and healthy environment. Surrounded by state of the art facilities, customers get to experience fitness in a

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more comfortable way which will enable them to improve their health more. The purpose of this concept is for most people to have a place to escape from their stressful life as the best way to relieve stress is through exercising.

2.NatureThis proposed site provides a nature inspired concept with its eco-friendly facilities. The eco-friendly facility that we have implemented in our fitness centre helps the environment as well as saving cost for electricity. Also our green approach helps the customers to feel more connected to Mother Nature. This greener approach also helps in stress related problems which will give them a more positive feeling while they exercise.

Suggestion and Proposal

In the area that I have chosen, I am proposing to build a fitness centre. With its residential surrounding, I envision that it will be filled with people from all ages, to enjoy exercising and keeping healthy. Hence, I will build a 3-storey fitness centre equipped with state of the art gym, high class studios, game room and many other activities that can be done in our fitness centre.

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The fitness centre will be a public area which gives the residents to come and enjoy the facility without having to worry to pay a lot. Roads will be build connecting to our outdoor parking from the main private road of the residential area giving easier access to our customers. The outdoor parking will be built just in front of my fitness centre for customers to leave their vehicles there while they enjoy our facility. A café will be built inside the building for guest to enjoy and snack on the food provided after a good exercise or just to have a quick bite.

In my fitness centre, large locker rooms can be found with shower rooms so guest do not have to worry to wait a long time for their turn after their exercise. A sauna room can also be found for guests who wish to sweat and intoxicate their body as it keeps them healthier. The walkways in my fitness centre will be made to a size where disabled guest can come to our building.

As for the green approach, most of the gym equipment’s will be using equipment’s from Life Fitness, a company that produces eco-friendly equipment’s that acquires a person’s energy for the machine to work. Also the front of the fitness centre will be a made of glass windows to allow natural lighting, this saves the energy as well as cost.

Rationale

Located in Ara Damansara, Casarina Fitness Centre is best to build because of its location. Being in a residential area, most customers will be from the residences making customer population to increase. Furthermore, because of its location traffic flow will not be terrible as residences customer can just come by to the fitness centre by walking. In terms of environment, Casarina Fitness Centre is an eco-friendly fitness centre where tall glass windows, solar power

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and gym equipment’s that are environmentally friendly are used. This gives a helping hand to environment for its benefit. Also, building a fitness centre in this residence gives benefit to the residents to save fuel and not drive to a fitness centre that is further.

Project Benefits

From this project, it will bring along many benefits to the residents around as well as the environment. In order to ensure that the project will be functional in the future, an analysis has been taken into account. The analysis can be seen in the table below.

Category Benefit

People- Have a proper health and fitness place - Have a place to relax after exercising - Have a place to be more healthy and fit

Environment

- Eco-friendly equipment’s used to ensure minimum harm to the environment

- Less electricity used due to full length windows for natural lighting

- Proper waste disposal carried on to ensure a good condition in the environment.

Traffic

- Medium sized parking lot will be built in the front of the fitness centre for easier excess.

- Buffer zones implemented to ensure traffic flow is smooth.

Project ImpactFrom this project, it will bring along a few positive and negative impacts to the residents around as well as the environment. In order to ensure that the project will be functional in the future, an analysis has been taken into account. The analysis can be seen in the table below.

Category Impact

People- Guest can come enjoy the game room

facilities

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- Money will be spent too much in the café.

- Residence can improve their health and fitness

Environment

- Certain inconsiderate individual will not dispose properly leaving unpleasant trash in the surroundings.

- Soot and smoke will develop due to packed traffic condition

- Environment will be cleaner because of proper waste disposal provided.

Traffic - Congestion of cars will occur during peak hours

“Casarina Fitness Centre”

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First Floor

Reception

Toilet

Product Selling Area Gym

Locker Room

Casarina Fitness Centre is the name I have decided to choose for my fitness centre. Above is the bubble diagram showing my 3-storey fitness centre.

Plan View of First Floor

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Casarina Fitness Centre

Walkway and Lift

Second Floor

Walkway and Lift

Studios

ToiletSauna Room

First Aid Room

Third Floor

Walkwayand LiftCasarina

Café

Kids Room

Mini Bowling

Alley

Game Room

Reception

Product Selling Area

Gym

Toilet

Locker Room

Walkway and Lift

Plan View of Second Floor

Plan View of Third Floor

Facilities

Reception and Product Selling Area

A modern and professional reception is built for a good first impression towards all our customers. Shelves will be set up for the products that will be selling by in Casarina Fitness Centre. Sofas and coffee tables will be set up for customers to wait in the waiting area.

Gym

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Studios

Sauna Room

Toilet

First Aid Room

Walkway and Lift

Casarina Café

Game Room

Kids Room

Mini Bowling Alley

Walkway and Lifts

The gym is built as one of the main features in Casarina Fitness Centre. Tall glass windows give the gym the natural lighting that it needs for the benefit of the environment. Equipped with state of the art equipment’s that are mostly eco-friendly. The gym is built with air conditioning and a water vending machine for comfort. High quality rubber flooring can be found in our gym. Gym trainers are available for guiding amateurs in our gym.

Locker Rooms

There are 2 locker rooms separated for male and female respectively. Showering units can be found in each locker rooms. Lockers are provided for guest to keep their belongings secure. Dedicated wet and dry facilities are available.

Exercise Studios

Various exercise studios will be built for a better convenience. The multi-purpose exercise studios are ideal for many different aerobic, dance or fitness classes. Excellent for catering Fitness Classes, Yoga, Dance, Zumba, Martial Arts, Boxing and many different activities. Full length mirrors and high quality wood flooring are used.

Sauna Room

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Interior of the sauna as well as the benches are all built from Echo Wood, an eco-friendly company that supplies eco-friendly materials. Sauna is spacious giving more comfort for guest to cool down. Combustion coal is placed for the heating of the sauna room.

First Aid Room

First aid rooms are built for emergency medical services in case any accidents happen in our fitness centre. Our first aid rooms are equipped with medical supplies that are excellent to treat our guest.

Casarina Café

In our fitness centre, our Casarina Café serves organic and healthy food for all guest. Energy drinks are served as well as fruit juices. Tables and chairs are provided for guest who intend to sit and relax after their exercise. Fruits and protein bars are sold for anyone who wants to have a quick bite.

Kids Room

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Guest’s children can be left here while they go exercise as child care assistants are there to take care of them. The room is covered with floor mats for a safer environment. The area is secured as safety gates are installed in the entrance.

Game Room

After exercising, guest can come a chill at our game room where many activities can be set up. A ping pong table can be set up and a snooker table is available here. Couches are also arranged for guest who wish to sit and relax.

Mini Bowling Alley

Our fitness centre offers a mini bowling alley for guest to have fun after exercising. 3 lanes are only available in our mini bowling area. Floors are covers in the eco-friendly wood.

Toilet

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Toilets are installed in the 1st and 2nd

floor for hygiene and comfort of the staffs and customers. Disabled toilets are also available for the comfort of our customers who are disabled.

Walkways and Lifts

Walkways and corridors are built wider for easy access for customers who are in wheelchairs and the ones bringing kids in their strollers. Lifts are also available for easier access to all floors in our fitness centre.

Materials Used In Constructing Materials used are all non-corrosive for all high moisture areas which includes the vents, ducts, drains, ceilings and wall covers. Moisture resistant materials and floorings are used for easy cleaning in all areas of the fitness centre.

Flooring

Vinyl Flooring – Reception, Walkways, Café, First Aid Room and Game Room.

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Vinyl is one of the most versatile materials used in flooring. It is highly resistant to mould and moisture. It is one of the most affordable flooring materials and easy to maintain. It is also highly resistant to scratch and durability.

Ceramic Tiles – Toilets and Shower Units.

Ceramic tiles are environmentally friendly and are manufactured using natural materials that does not retain odours. Ceramic tiles has a dense body that permits little or no moisture accumulation making it a good choice for flooring in moist areas.

Cedar Sauna Wood – Sauna

Cedar sauna woods are strong, lightweight and generally do not warp or shrink over time. They provide a more comfortable and cooler sauna surface to sit and lean on and also naturally repels many bacteria, fungi and insects.

Rubber Flooring – Gym.

Rubber flooring is strong, tough, and resilient against a variety of conditions and should be able to last twenty years, if not longer. They are very easy to take care of and is stain resistant. Rubber flooring is actually quite soft important for helping to relieve stress fatigue. It is also water and fire resistant.

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Floating Hardwood Floors – Studios and Mini Bowling Alley

Easy to be installed, scratch free and more durable.

Lighting

Indirect Lighting – All except Gym and Sauna

Indirect lighting is used in most parts of the fitness centre to give customers a calm and nice environment.

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Overhead LED Lighting – Gym

The direct lighting from the overhead LED lights give customers a better view when they are exercising at night and it is very bright.

Vapour Proof Lighting – Sauna

The light bulbs used in this lighting prevents vapour from spoiling the light bulb which is best used in saunas.

Project Management Task

Professions Involved In This Project:

1. Architect2. Quantity Surveyor 3. Contractor 4. Civil Engineer5. Mechanical and Electrical Engineer6. Landscape Architect

Architect

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In the design role, an architect is hired by a client to produce detailed designs of a concept or idea that the client wants to bring to reality. As well as needing creative design ideas, this part of the role involves a great deal of technical knowledge and responsibility. There is a need to comply with building and safety regulations, local planning regulations and restrictions. Depending on the project there may be laws surrounding the preservation of the local environment or any historic parts of a building. Regular client meetings are important to establish requirements and discuss detailed design proposals. Also important is heading up the team of professionals who will work on this stage of the project including engineers, designers and financiers.

During the documentation phase, the responsibilities are to capture the design on paper, producing detailed drawings and using technology such as CAD to test the feasibility of the design. This stage can involve continual revision and redrawing to incorporate changes based on the client's requirements, budget and regulations. Once the design documents are complete, there are then a second set of documents that need to be produced

These are the construction documents, which translate the design into instructions and technical specifications for contractors and construction experts. Once the project reaches the construction stage, the architect will be involved in site visits and meetings, overseeing the construction and signing off on various pieces of work, negotiating with contractors and dealing with and resolving any problems that arise.

Quantity Surveyor

The quantity surveyor is the person responsible for figuring out just what a construction project is going to cost. Quantity surveyors’ main roles are managing the finances for any kind of construction project, whether it’s a house, a high-rise, a bridge, or a tunnel. Working to keep the project on time. Working to keep the project within the budget. Making sure that construction costs and production are managed as efficiently as possible. Resolving disputes between contracting parties. Preparing insurance replacement estimates for all kinds of buildings, including houses.

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Before the project, the quantity surveyors calculate a budget based on their client's requirements. They prepare detailed estimates to ensure the budget is sufficient for each stage of construction. Their main task is to find out what a construction project will cost, including materials, labour, and services.

When construction starts, the quantity surveyor keeps costs on track. Once the building starts, the quantity surveyor can provide cash flow data so the client can arrange the finances needed for each stage of the project. The quantity surveyor can also assess cost effects when changes to the project occur, such as delays, and agree on ‘variation’ with contractors. The quantity surveyor can provide a bank with a project report and help a client by preparing draw down certificates for money to be loaned by the bank. Resolving disputes between clients, designers and building contractors is another role in some projects. When construction is over, the quantity surveyor adds up the total cost.

Contractor

A building contractor is an individual who engages in the planning, developing and coordinating of activities which coincide with the building of structures. The building contractor is the individual who oversees the construction and ensures that all necessary measures are taken to result in the completed finished product.

The general responsibilities of a building contractor entail the individual planning and carrying through any and all pertinent activities relating to the construction of a dwelling, building or other structure. The building contractor carries out his/her duties by supervising employees, planning how the project

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will be carried out and completing the project in a manner which coincides with all laws, rules and regulations which may be in existence and correlate with construction.

Civil Engineer

It is important to first provide a formal definition highlighting the role of a civil engineer. A civil engineer is responsible for using their civil engineering background to plan and oversee various construction efforts in many different areas of this field. They will apply civil engineering principles to ensure that structures are constructed in the safest, sturdiest manner.

A civil engineer engages in many general responsibilities on a daily basis. These responsibilities are a crucial part of their job and enable the civil engineer to engage in their profession to the best of their ability. One general responsibility of the civil engineer is to analyse various factors concerning a construction job. The civil engineer will analyse the proposed site location as well as the entire construction job which is to be completed at such a site. They will analyse the process for completing the construction job every step of the way.

The civil engineer must also plan the construction project that will be taking place in conjunction with the results they found due to their analysis of the proposed project. During the process and at the end, the civil engineer must inspect the product to ensure that all rules, regulations and guidelines have been explicitly followed.

Mechanical and Electrical Engineer

The primary responsibility of the Mechanical Engineer is Construction is jobs related to surveying of construction sites and design of structures. The Mechanical Engineer manages the planning, design, construction and maintenance of various mechanical systems in buildings and structures; ensures compliance with relevant building codes and safety regulations. Mechanical Engineer. Designs, develops, and tests all aspects of mechanical components, equipment, and machinery. Applies knowledge of engineering principles to design products such as engines, instruments, controls, robots, machines, etc. May be involved in fabrication, operation, application, installation, and/or repair

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of mechanical products. Requires a bachelor's degree in engineering and 4-6 years of experience in the field or in a related area. Familiar with a variety of the field's concepts, practices, and procedures. Relies on experience and judgment to plan and accomplish goals. Performs a variety of complicated tasks. May report to an executive or a manager.

In the construction field the roll of electrical engineer is to see the basic design engineering of the project. Detail engineering with safety factor in the design. Basic & detail engineering for provision of earthing pits of electrical installation. Design for illumination of different area and lux calculation. Cable size calculation cable scheduling &its route selection, over head or underground proper protection system for all electrical installation. Design for fire alarm &detection system &so many more.

Landscape Architect

Landscape Architects include landscape aesthetics with functionality in designing a variety of spaces that include parks and gardens, campuses, residential neighbourhoods, shopping centres, historical sites, golf courses and waterfront developments. They incorporate knowledge of ecology, graphic design, plant materials, and construction and computer technology into their work. Landscape architects often work with surveyors, architects, urban planners, civil engineers, environmental scientists and hydrologists.

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Landscape architects must consider budget, client needs, functionality, government regulations and environmental impact when designing a site. They research both natural and man-made features that exist on proposed sites to determine how to improve them and work them into the plans. During the planning stage, landscape engineers may make several revisions to the design of the project.

When the site plan is completed, landscape architects compile reports, cost estimates, photos, illustrations, land use studies and models to create a proposal to submit to the client. Upon approval of a project, landscape architects list the needed materials and supplies, as well as construction details. They also ensure that their plans are followed during site construction.

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