Transcript
Created By : Rahul Khanvani
Roll No : 47
Department Of Computer Science
Cryptography:
Securing the Information.
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Introduction
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Introduction
» EPFT UIJT MPPL MJLF OPOTFOTF UP ZPV ?
Does it look like nonsense to you ?
Did you notice that I asked you the same question twice ?
Confused ?
» Replace Each word With its Alphabet used before.
» The Cryptography is Simple
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» Cryptography is the art and science of converting ordinary information into gibberish and converting it back to its original, meaningful form.
» Its Amazing how rotating the alphabets by even just one position is enough to confuse human mind !
» We Call It Rotating Words.
» To convert data in meaningful form you need an algorithm ,
» you can also create your own small algorithm.
What Is Cryptography ?
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» If You Say No Then I Can Say You May B Don’t Use Cryptography.
Do You Use Gmail ?
Do You use Facebook ?
Have you Ever Opened a File Containing Password ?
Did U Use HTTPS Site ?
Do You Fill Forms on Internet ?
» Most Of You Are Saving Your GF/BF’s No. As Their Nick Names Is Also A Kind Of Cryptogrpahy.
E.g Saving Ur G.F’s No As “Battery Low” To Hide The Contact From Relatives.
Who Uses Cryptography ?
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» Plaintext – A message in its natural format readable by an attacker
» Cipher text – Message altered to be unreadable by anyone except the intended recipients
» Key – Sequence that controls the operation and behavior of the cryptographic algorithm
» Key-space – Total number of possible values of keys in a crypto algorithm
» Encryption Plain text Cipher text
» Decryption Cipher text Plain text
Terms Used In Cryptography
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» Defending against external/internal hackers
» Securing E-commerce
» Securing bank accounts/electronic transfers
» Securing intellectual property
Information Security for…
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» Pervasiveness of email/networks
» Online storage of sensitive information
» Insecure technologies (e.g. wireless)
» Trend towards paperless society
» Weak legal protection of email privacy.
Threats to Information Security
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How To Send A Secure Email Or Password Protected Email?
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Types Of Cryptography
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Secret Writing
Steganography
Cryptography
Types of Secret Writing
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» Steganography – covered writing
– is an art of hiding information
» Popular contemporary steganography
technologies hide information in images.
Steganography
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» Encryption means the transformation of data by the use of Cryptography to produce unintelligible data to ensure confidentiality
» The inverse function of encryption is called as decryption
Encryption and decryption:-
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» Private (symmetric, secret) key – the same key used for encryption/decryption
» Problem of key distribution
» How Do Both Person Agree On Same Key ?
Private Key Cryptography
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» Public (asymmetric) key cryptography – a public key used for encryption and private key for decryption
» Key distribution problem solved
Public Key Cryptography
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DES (Data Encryption Standard) and derivatives: double DES and triple DES
IDEA (International Data Encryption Standard)
Blowfish
RC5 (Rivets Cipher #5)
AES (Advance Encryption Standard)
Currently Available Crypto Algorithms (private key)
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RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adleman)
DH (Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Algorithm)
ECDH (Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Algorithm)
RPK (Raike Public Key)
Currently Available Crypto Algorithms (public key)
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» Algorithms are not theoretically unbreakable: successful attacks in the future are possible.
» Encryption does not guarantee security!
» Many ways to beat a crypto system NOT dependent on cryptanalysis, such as:
Viruses, worms, hackers, etc.
TEMPEST attacks,
Unauthorized physical access to secret keys
» Cryptography is only one element of comprehensive computer security
How Secure are Today’s Technologies?
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Thank You…
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