Clustering for Growth – An International Perspective The EU’s Pacific Island pilot cluster project Ifor Ffowcs-Williams 30 May 2014
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Ifor Ffowcs-Williams New Zealand
Clustering for Growth An International Perspective
The EU’s Pacific Island pilot cluster project
Why cluster development?
“The evidence is clear: Regions that are home to
dynamic clusters, and companies that are rooted in such clusters,
do better.” Dr Christian Ketels President, The Competitiveness Institute
Every EU country has some form of cluster development support in
place
The Buzzword in Brussels:
France:
Major clusters under
development
Germany’s lead clusters
Financing for each cluster: up to €40
million over 5 years
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Sweden’s national innovation agency
Role: To Connect & Catalyse
2014-05-14
Sweden’s national cluster
programme
Sweden’s cluster programme, VINNVÄXT
• A competition that rewards the best • 200 applications, only 15 awards, each
receiving up to EUR 1 million per year • Support for 10 years, sometimes 16 • Focus on a region’s strengths … it’s ‘smart
specialisation’ • Active participation of companies, researchers
and political/public sector, the Triple Helix • Strong support activities: seminars, coaching,
networking, experience-sharing etc. 2014-05-14
VINNVÄXT VINNVÄXT 2013
Örnsköldsvik, Sweden Population: 30,000
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2014-05-14
VINNVÄXT VINNVÄXT 2013
Risk and Security
Material Science
Mobile CommunicaDon
Life Science
Packaging Clean Tech
LogisDc White fields
Finland
Denmark
China
Germany
Germany
Canada
Italy
Korea
Skåne, Sweden Cluster engagement
2014-05-14
VINNVÄXT VINNVÄXT 2013
ProcessIT Cluster review Last week in Umea, northern Sweden
ProcessIT Cluster review Last week in Umea, northern Sweden • International review ever 3 years
• This year: US based IT Professor & IFW
• Triple Helix in action, senior stakeholders • From business
• Multinationals and SMEs
• From public agencies • National, municipal
• From two universities
• Management Team and Board
Bornholm, Denmark Population 42,000
SWEDEN FINLAND
RUSSIA
ESTONIA
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
BELARUS
POLAND
Baltic Sea
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Business Clusters on Bornholm
BUILDING & CONSTR.
MECH. ENGINEERING
FOOD
TOURISM
ARTS & CRAFT
AGRICULTURE
ENERGY
Bornholm as ”green/sustainable” technology
and test laboratory
Bright Green Test Island: CleanTech, renewable
energy, building & construction
Bornholm as The Adventure Island www.Bornholm.info.,
www.Enjoybornholm.dk nature, wellness, arts & craft, medieval history and culture,
music & sports events
Bornholm as the Food Island
Gourmet Bornholm/ food producers, farmers, restaurants, chefs,
canteens, wholesalers, distributors, retailers
EU actively linking European Clusters e.g. Food clusters
• Oresund (Denmark/Sweden)
• Flanders (Belgium)
• Rogaland (Norway) • Wielkopolska (Poland) • Emilia-Romagna (Italy)
• Castilla y León (Spain)
• North Rhine Westfalia (Germany)
• Rhone Alps (France)
EU’s Cluster Pilot projet PNG, Samoa, Tonga & Vanuatu
• Piloting cluster-based economic development in small island environments
• 6 month programme, ending July • Driven by Chambers of Commerce, close
donor involvement • Budget: Euros 1 million • First cluster project in South Pacific?
Samoa’s Pilot Cluster Adding value to coconut oil
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Vanuatu’s Cluster Pilot Cruise Tourism
Tonga’s Cluster Pilot Broadly based ‘Team Tonga’
PNG’s Cluster Pilot: ICT Voting on the development agenda
Catalysing a cluster requires a change agent ... the cluster manager
Cats … much easier
to herd than cluster members
A Cluster Manager
Advice to Cluster Managers 1. Listen! • Listen carefully to the needs of your
cluster’s stakeholders. • Visit, understand their situation, their
opportunities, their constraints. • Identify common agendas, the cross-cutting
themes. • Respond with demand orientated services,
collaborative projects.
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2. Explore at the cluster’s periphery
• Generate multiple options at the edges: • Test new agendas that have passion; • Don’t kill them through debate; • Build a portfolio of activities.
• Learning-by-doing, not paralysis-by-analysis. • If there are no failures you are taking it
too easy.
3. Find the cluster champions that others trust
• Energise, empower your cluster’s talent
• Encourage leaders who are door openers to step forward
• Build a Coalition of the Willing
• Ensure you are not the ‘Project Manager’ for everything.
4. Build a Co-opetition Culture
Co-purchasing
Co-marketing
Co-production Co-specialisation
Co-creation of value
5. Blow the Trumpet! Tell your cluster’s story…loudly
• Within the cluster • Core firms; banks, suppliers,
professional services… • Public agencies, politicians • Universities, High schools …
• Well beyond the cluster • Customers, related clusters, investors,
migrants, national agencies …
Cluster development…Centre Stage Not just ‘another project’
Cluster Development Centre Stage
An integrated framework for: R&D, Technology transfer
SME development; Start-ups Investment, migrant attraction
Skills, training; workforce development Incubators & Industry/Technology Parks Export development, internationalisation
Economist Intelligence Unit Fostering innovation-led clusters, 2011
“There are few economic development policies as
popular as clusters. It is hard today to find a
country, region, or even city that is not trying to develop a network of complementary and
competitive firms.”
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Global Competitiveness Report, 2013/14 Ranking, Cluster Development
2. Italy 3. UAE 4. Germany 5. Switzerland 12. Finland 13. UK 14. Malaysia 15. Norway 16. India 17. Austria 18. Canada 19. Sweden 21. Ireland 23. Saudi Arabia 28. South Korea 30. Turkey 33. Thailand
34. Denmark 35. Mexico 37. Australia 42. Spain 43. South Africa 44. Cambodia 45. Czech Republic 50. Chile 53. Kenya 54. Mauritius 56. Iceland 62. Pakistan 65. Nigeria 66. Bangladesh 68. Vietnam 70. Rwanda 73. New Zealand
IFW has been engaged on cluster development in each of the identified countries
Why is cluster development not fully on the agenda in OZ & NZ?
Blue Mountains Creative Cluster
www.bluemountains.org.au
Ifor Ffowcs-Williams CEO, Cluster Navigators Ltd 22 Examiner St, Nelson 7010 New Zealand [email protected] + 64 3 548 0606 www.clusternavigators.com www.linkedin.com/in/clusterdevelopment Skype: ‘clusterguy’ Blog: www.e4oncompetitiveness.com