LASER INDUCED IGNITION OF GASOLINE
DIRECT INJECTIOIN ENGINES
BY
ANAND VIJAY
GUIDED BY
PROF. V. Y. SONAWANE
WHAT IS LASER?
NAME LASER IS AN ACRONYM FOR LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY THE STIMULATED EMISSION OF
RADIATION
INTENSE AND UNIDIRECTIONAL BEAM OF LIGHT .
MONOCHROMATIC , COHERENT .
MAIN THREE PARTS
POWER SUPPLY LASING MEDIUM PAIR OF PRECISELY ALIGNED MIRRORS
HOW LASER GENERATED ?
TYPES OF LASERS SOLID STATE LASERS . * Distributed solid matrix * Non-toxic & Long life * Ex. Ruby, YAG
GAS LASERS . * O/p of visible Red light * Corrosive & toxic
* Ex. He, HeNe, CO2
DYE LASERS * Complex Organic dyes * Tunable Over Broad
range of wavelength
SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS * Called diode laser * Ex. HPDD laser
RUBY LASER
DRAW BACKS OF CONVENTIONAL SPARK PLUG
LOCATION OF SPARK PLUG IS NOT FLEXIBLE
NOT POSSIBLE TO IGNITE INSIDE FUEL SPRAY
FREQUENT MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENT
LEANER MIXTURES CANNOT BE BURNED
FLAME PROPAGATION IS SLOW
EMISSIONS ARE MORE ( DUE TO IMPROPER COMBUSTION)
HENCE A NEW BETTER SYSTEM IS REQUIRED
IGNITION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER
Left: at a wavelength right: at 532 nm of 1064 nm
IGNITION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER
FLAME PROPAGATION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER
MINIMUM IGNITION ENERGY The minimum ignition energy required for laser ignition is more than
that for electric spark ignition because of following reasons:
volume of a typical electrical ignition spark is 10^-3 cm3 while that for laser ignition is 10^-5.Hence charge is less.
The efficiency of energy transfer to near-threshold laser sparks is substantially lower than to electrical sparks, so more power is required to heat laser sparks.
Another reason is that, energy in the form of photons is wasted before the beam reach the focal point.
ADVANTAGES OF LASER INDUCED SPARK IGNITION
LOCATION OF SPARK PLUG IS FLEXIBLE
IT IS POSSIBLE TO IGNITE INSIDE THE FUEL SPRAY
SELF CLEANING PROPERTY
LEANER MIXTURES CAN BE BURNED
EMISSIONS ARE REDUCED
COMBUSTION CHAMBER EXPERIMENT
ENGINE USED FOR TESTING
LASER USED: q switchedNd:Y A G
COMBUSTION CHAMBER EXPERIMENT
RESULTS OF EXPERIMENT
LASER IGNITON BETTER SELF CLEANING ENVIRONMENTALY AND ECONOMICALY
CONCLUSION
THE APPLICABILITY OF A LASER-INDUCED IGNITION SYSTEM ON DIRECT INJECTED GASOLINE ENGINE HAS BEEN PROVEN.
AT PRESENT, A LASER IGNITION PLUG IS VERY EXPENSIVE COMPARATIVELY
BUT POTENTIAL ADVANTAGES WILL SURELY BRING IT INTO MARKET