ppt- laser induced ignition of gasoline direct injection engines

LASER INDUCED IGNITION OF GASOLINE

DIRECT INJECTIOIN ENGINES

BY

ANAND VIJAY

GUIDED BY

PROF. V. Y. SONAWANE

WHAT IS LASER?

NAME LASER IS AN ACRONYM FOR LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY THE STIMULATED EMISSION OF

RADIATION

INTENSE AND UNIDIRECTIONAL BEAM OF LIGHT .

MONOCHROMATIC , COHERENT .

MAIN THREE PARTS

POWER SUPPLY LASING MEDIUM PAIR OF PRECISELY ALIGNED MIRRORS

HOW LASER GENERATED ?

TYPES OF LASERS SOLID STATE LASERS . * Distributed solid matrix * Non-toxic & Long life * Ex. Ruby, YAG

GAS LASERS . * O/p of visible Red light * Corrosive & toxic

* Ex. He, HeNe, CO2

DYE LASERS * Complex Organic dyes * Tunable Over Broad

range of wavelength

SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS * Called diode laser * Ex. HPDD laser

RUBY LASER

DRAW BACKS OF CONVENTIONAL SPARK PLUG

LOCATION OF SPARK PLUG IS NOT FLEXIBLE

NOT POSSIBLE TO IGNITE INSIDE FUEL SPRAY

FREQUENT MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENT

LEANER MIXTURES CANNOT BE BURNED

FLAME PROPAGATION IS SLOW

EMISSIONS ARE MORE ( DUE TO IMPROPER COMBUSTION)

HENCE A NEW BETTER SYSTEM IS REQUIRED

IGNITION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER

Left: at a wavelength right: at 532 nm of 1064 nm

IGNITION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER

FLAME PROPAGATION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER

MINIMUM IGNITION ENERGY The minimum ignition energy required for laser ignition is more than

that for electric spark ignition because of following reasons:

volume of a typical electrical ignition spark is 10^-3 cm3 while that for laser ignition is 10^-5.Hence charge is less.

The efficiency of energy transfer to near-threshold laser sparks is substantially lower than to electrical sparks, so more power is required to heat laser sparks.

Another reason is that, energy in the form of photons is wasted before the beam reach the focal point.

ADVANTAGES OF LASER INDUCED SPARK IGNITION

LOCATION OF SPARK PLUG IS FLEXIBLE

IT IS POSSIBLE TO IGNITE INSIDE THE FUEL SPRAY

SELF CLEANING PROPERTY

LEANER MIXTURES CAN BE BURNED

EMISSIONS ARE REDUCED

COMBUSTION CHAMBER EXPERIMENT

ENGINE USED FOR TESTING

LASER USED: q switchedNd:Y A G

COMBUSTION CHAMBER EXPERIMENT

RESULTS OF EXPERIMENT

LASER IGNITON BETTER SELF CLEANING ENVIRONMENTALY AND ECONOMICALY

CONCLUSION

THE APPLICABILITY OF A LASER-INDUCED IGNITION SYSTEM ON DIRECT INJECTED GASOLINE ENGINE HAS BEEN PROVEN.

AT PRESENT, A LASER IGNITION PLUG IS VERY EXPENSIVE COMPARATIVELY

BUT POTENTIAL ADVANTAGES WILL SURELY BRING IT INTO MARKET