INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON ARCHIVES CONSEIL · PDF fileinternational council on archives conseil international des archives experts group on archival description records in contexts

INTERNATIONALCOUNCILONARCHIVES

CONSEILINTERNATIONALDESARCHIVES

EXPERTSGROUPONARCHIVALDESCRIPTION

RECORDSINCONTEXTSACONCEPTUALMODELFORARCHIVALDESCRIPTION

ConsultationDraftv0.1

September2016

[email protected]

TableofContents

1.Introduction..............................................................................................................................................................1

1.1ExpertsGrouponArchivalDescription(EGAD)...................................................................................................1

1.2OverviewofCurrentandPlannedWork.............................................................................................................1

1.3Audiences............................................................................................................................................................2

1.4TheEssentialRoleofRecordsandRecordKeeping............................................................................................3

1.5Provenance,Context,andDescription...............................................................................................................4

1.6RoleofRecordDescription.................................................................................................................................6

1.6.1ManagementofRecords.............................................................................................................................6

1.6.2PreservationofRecords..............................................................................................................................7

1.6.3OngoingUseandReuseofRecords.............................................................................................................7

1.7RecordDescriptioninTransition.........................................................................................................................7

1.8FromISAD(G),ISAAR(CPF),ISDF,andISDIAHtoRiC-CM.....................................................................................9

1.8.1FromUnitofDescriptiontoRecordandRecordSet.................................................................................10

1.8.2FromMultilevelDescriptiontoMultidimensionalDescription.................................................................10

1.9TransitiontoRiC-CM.........................................................................................................................................11

1.10Acknowledgements.........................................................................................................................................12

2.Entities.....................................................................................................................................................................13

RiC-E1Record..........................................................................................................................................................13

RiC-E2RecordComponent......................................................................................................................................13

RiC-E3RecordSet....................................................................................................................................................13

RiC-E4Agent...........................................................................................................................................................14

RiC-E5Occupation..................................................................................................................................................15

RiC-E6Position........................................................................................................................................................15

RiC-E7Function.......................................................................................................................................................16

RiC-E8Function(Abstract)......................................................................................................................................16

RiC-E9Activity.........................................................................................................................................................16

RiC-E10Mandate....................................................................................................................................................17

RiC-E11DocumentaryForm....................................................................................................................................18

RiC-E12Date...........................................................................................................................................................18

RiC-E13Place..........................................................................................................................................................18

RiC-E14Concept/Thing...........................................................................................................................................18

3.PropertiesofEntities...............................................................................................................................................21

3.1SharedPropertiesofallEntities........................................................................................................................21

RiC-P1GlobalPersistentIdentifier.....................................................................................................................21

RiC-P2LocalIdentifier........................................................................................................................................21

RiC-P3Name.......................................................................................................................................................21

RiC-P4GeneralNote...........................................................................................................................................21

3.2PropertiesofRecord.........................................................................................................................................22

3.2.1ContentInformation..................................................................................................................................22

RiC-P5AuthenticityandIntegrityNote..............................................................................................................22

RiC-P6ContentType...........................................................................................................................................22

RiC-P7ContentExtent........................................................................................................................................22

RiC-P8QualityofInformation.............................................................................................................................22

RiC-P9ScopeandContent..................................................................................................................................23

3.2.2InformationaboutRepresentation............................................................................................................23

RiC-P10EncodingFormat...................................................................................................................................23

RiC-P11LanguageInformation...........................................................................................................................23

RiC-P12MediaType............................................................................................................................................23

RiC-P13ProductionTechnique...........................................................................................................................24

3.2.3InformationaboutCarrier.........................................................................................................................24

RiC-P14Medium.................................................................................................................................................24

RiC-P15PhysicalorLogicalExtent......................................................................................................................24

RiC-P16PhysicalCharacteristicsNote................................................................................................................24

3.2.4InformationaboutManagementandUse.................................................................................................24

RiC-P17Classification.........................................................................................................................................24

RiC-P18ConditionsofAccess.............................................................................................................................25

RiC-P19ConditionsofUse..................................................................................................................................25

RiC-P20History...................................................................................................................................................25

RiC-P21RecordState..........................................................................................................................................26

3.3PropertiesofRecordComponent.....................................................................................................................26

3.4PropertiesofRecordSet...................................................................................................................................26

RiC-P22AuthenticityandIntegrityNote............................................................................................................26

RiC-P23Type.......................................................................................................................................................26

RiC-P24AccrualNote..........................................................................................................................................27

RiC-P25AccrualStatus........................................................................................................................................27

RiC-P26Arrangement.........................................................................................................................................27

RiC-P27Classification.........................................................................................................................................27

RiC-P28History...................................................................................................................................................28

3.5PropertiesSummarizingtheMembersofaRecordSet....................................................................................28

RiC-P29ContentExtent......................................................................................................................................28

RiC-P30PhysicalorLogicalExtent......................................................................................................................28

RiC-P31ScopeandContent................................................................................................................................29

3.6PropertiesSharedbyAllMemberRecordsofaRecordSet..............................................................................29

3.7PropertiesSharedbyAllAgents........................................................................................................................29

RiC-P32Type.......................................................................................................................................................29

RiC-P33IdentityType.........................................................................................................................................30

RiC-P34LanguageInformation...........................................................................................................................30

RiC-P35History...................................................................................................................................................30

3.8AdditionalPropertySpecifictoPersonandPersonAssumedIdentity.............................................................31

RiC-P36Gender..................................................................................................................................................31

3.9AdditionalPropertySpecifictoDelegate-Agent...............................................................................................31

RiC-P37TechnicalCharacteristics.......................................................................................................................31

3.10AdditionalPropertiesSpecifictoCorporateBodyandCorporateBodyAssumedIdentity............................31

RiC-P38ServicestothePublic............................................................................................................................31

RiC-P39ContactInformation..............................................................................................................................31

RiC-P40OperatingHours....................................................................................................................................32

RiC-P41Facilities.................................................................................................................................................32

3.11PropertiesofOccupation................................................................................................................................32

RiC-P42Type.......................................................................................................................................................32

RiC-P43Description............................................................................................................................................33

RiC-P44History...................................................................................................................................................33

3.12PropertiesofPosition.....................................................................................................................................33

RiC-P45Type.......................................................................................................................................................33


RiC-P47History...................................................................................................................................................33

3.13PropertiesofFunction....................................................................................................................................34

RiC-P48Type.......................................................................................................................................................34


RiC-P50History...................................................................................................................................................34

3.14PropertyofFunction(Abstract)......................................................................................................................34


3.15PropertiesofActivity......................................................................................................................................35

RiC-P52Type.......................................................................................................................................................35


RiC-P54History...................................................................................................................................................35

3.16PropertiesofMandate....................................................................................................................................35

RiC-P55Type.......................................................................................................................................................35


RiC-P57History...................................................................................................................................................36

3.17PropertiesofDocumentaryForm...................................................................................................................36

RiC-P58Type.......................................................................................................................................................36


RiC-P60History...................................................................................................................................................37

3.18PropertiesofDate...........................................................................................................................................37

RiC-P61Type.......................................................................................................................................................37

RiC-P62Calendar................................................................................................................................................37

3.19PropertiesofPlace..........................................................................................................................................37

RiC-P63Type.......................................................................................................................................................37

RiC-P64GeographicCoordinates........................................................................................................................37

RiC-P65Address..................................................................................................................................................38

3.20PropertiesofConcept/Thing...........................................................................................................................38

RiC-P66Type.......................................................................................................................................................38


4.Relations..................................................................................................................................................................39

4.1ListofRelationsbyDomainEntity....................................................................................................................39

4.1.1RecordRelations........................................................................................................................................40

4.1.2.RecordComponentRelations...................................................................................................................44

4.1.3.RecordSetRelations.................................................................................................................................48

4.1.4.AgentRelations.........................................................................................................................................52

4.1.5.OccupationRelations................................................................................................................................61

4.1.6.PositionRelations.....................................................................................................................................64

4.1.7.FunctionRelations....................................................................................................................................67

4.1.8.Function(Abstract)Relations...................................................................................................................70

4.1.9.ActivityRelations......................................................................................................................................72

4.1.10.MandateRelations.................................................................................................................................76

4.1.11.DocumentaryFormRelations.................................................................................................................78

4.1.12.DateRelations........................................................................................................................................81

4.2.13.PlaceRelations........................................................................................................................................84

4.2.14.Concept/ThingRelations........................................................................................................................88

4.2SharedPropertiesofaRelation........................................................................................................................91

RiC-P68Date.......................................................................................................................................................91

RiC-P69Place......................................................................................................................................................91

AppendixI:ExampleofArchivalDescriptionConformingtoRiC-CM.........................................................................93

AppendixII:ExpertsGrouponArchivalDescriptionMembers...................................................................................95

AppendixII:Bibliography............................................................................................................................................97

RiC-CMConsultationDraftv0.1 September2016 1

1.Introduction

1.1ExpertsGrouponArchivalDescription(EGAD)

Inlate2012,theInternationalCouncilonArchives(ICA)ProgrammeCommissionformedtheExpertsGrouponArchivalDescription(EGAD)asthepartialsuccessortotheCommitteeonBestPracticesandStandards.ICAchargedEGADwithdevelopingastandardforthedescriptionofrecordsbasedonarchivalprinciples.Forthe2012–2016term,EGADisspecificallychargedwithdevelopingacomprehensivedescriptivestandardthatreconciles,integrates,andbuildsonthefourexistingstandards:GeneralInternationalStandardArchivalDescription(ISAD(G))1;InternationalStandardArchivalAuthorityRecords—CorporateBodies,Persons,andFamilies(ISAAR(CPF))2;InternationalStandardforDescribingFunctions(ISDF)3;andInternationalStandardforDescribingInstitutionswithArchivalHoldings(ISDIAH)4.

Developinginternationalconsensusonastandardforarchivaldescriptionisadauntingchallenge.Culturaldifferencesandestablishedanddifferingtheoriesandpracticesareatthecoreofthechallenge.ThemembersofEGADrepresentmany(thoughcertainlynotall)ofthesedifferences.Atthesametime,theyshareacommoncommitmenttodevelopingasharedstandardthatrespectsandaccommodatesthepast,andthatrespectsandaccommodatesdifferenceswhileremainingintellectuallycoherentandworkable.EGADalsorecognizesthatdevelopingaconsensuswillnecessarilybeanongoingprocess,afieldofnegotiation.

EGADhastwenty-onemembersfromthirteencountries(pleaseseeAppendixIIforalistofmembers).Whilethemembersarebroadlyrepresentativeoftheglobalarchivalcommunity,therearemanyareaswithlonganddistinguishedhistoriesofadministrationandgovernance,andconcomitanttraditionsofrecordcreation,use,andmanagementthatarenotrepresented,suchasAsia,southwestAsia,andeasternEurope.AndwhileAfrica,centralEurope,andSouthAmericaarerepresented,therepresentationcouldbebroader.Giventhis,themembersofEGADwelcomebroaderinternationalparticipationintheongoingdevelopmentofaninternationalarchivaldescriptionstandard,soastostrengthentheintellectualfoundationofthestandard,andensurethatthestandardrepresentsabroadconsensusandaddressestheneedsoftheglobalarchivalcommunity.1.2OverviewofCurrentandPlannedWork

ThestandardintheinitialstageofdevelopmentbyEGADisnamedRecordsinContexts(RiC).EGADenvisionsatwo-partstandard:aconceptualmodelforarchivaldescription(RiC-CM),andanontology(RiC-O).EGADhasbegunitsworkbydevelopingRiC-CMand,withinRiC-CM,identifyinganddefiningtheprimarydescriptiveentitiesandtheirinterrelationsthatconstitutearchivaldescription.EGADhasfocusedondescribingtheworldfromanarchivalperspective,thatis,aperspectivesituatedinthe

1Availableathttp://www.ica.org/en/isadg-general-international-standard-archival-description-second-

edition<accessed20/06/2016>2Availableathttp://www.ica.org/en/isaar-cpf-international-standard-archival-authority-record-

corporate-bodies-persons-and-families-2nd<accessed20/06/2016>3Availableathttp://www.ica.org/en/isdf-international-standard-describing-functions<accessed

20/06/2016>4Availableathttp://www.ica.org/en/isdiah-international-standard-describing-institutions-archival-

holdings<accessed20/06/2016>


specificmandateofarchivesandgroundedinthefundamentalassumptionsandprinciplesthatgoverntheactivitiesperformedinfulfilmentofthemandate.

ThecurrentdraftisintendedtocoveralloftheessentialcontentofthefourexistingICAdescriptionstandards,except“control.”Itthusincludesthecoredescriptiveentities,thepropertiesorattributesoftheseentities,andessentialrelationsamongthem.Furtherspecifyinganddefiningtherelationsamongtheentitiesremainsanoutstandingtask,astherelationsinthecurrentdraftareintendedtobesuggestiveandnotcompleteornormative.RiC-CMalsodoesnotyetofferamodeloftheroleofthearchivistandtheactivitiesheorsheperformsintheformulationandongoingmaintenanceofdescription.EGADwillextendthemodelinthisrespectasanextstep.

Whencomplete,RiC-CMwillalsoinclude,inadditiontotextdefiningthecoreentities,attributes,andrelations,extensivediagramsoftheentitiesinrelationtooneanotherandexamples.Oncethemodelisstable,itwillbetranslatedintoFrenchandotherlanguages.

ThedevelopmentoftheRiC-Oisinthepreliminarystages.FulldevelopmentispendingastabledraftofRiC-CM,astheontologymustbealignedwiththeconceptualmodel.RiC-OwilltranslateRiC-CMusingtheW3CstandardOWL5.RiC-OwillprovidethearchivalcommunitywiththeabilitytomakearchivaldescriptionavailableusingthetechniquesofLinkedOpenData(LOD)andemployaconceptualvocabularyandstructurethatisspecifictoarchivaldescription.ThefirstdraftofRiC-Owillbemadeavailableinlate2016.1.3Audiences

RiC’sprimaryaudienceisthearchivalcommunity,sothemodeltakesasitspointofdepartureestablishedarchivaldescriptionprinciplesandpractices.Atthesametime,themodeltakesintoconsiderationemergingcommunicationandnetworktechnologiesthatopenupnewopportunitiestoimprovedescriptivepractices,aswellasongoingscholarlyandpracticalcritiquesofarchivaldescriptionprinciplesandpractice.WhilethecurrentICAdescriptionstandardslargelyemergedinaworldofnon-digitalrecords,RiCaspirestoaddressdescriptionnotonlyoftraditionalanaloguerecordsbutalsoelectronicrecords.

RiCisalsointendedtobeofinteresttotherecordsmanagementcommunity.Theworkofrecordsmanagersandarchivistsoverlaps:descriptionandintellectualcontrolareessentialcomponentsofthemanagementofrecordsinthecontextsinwhichtheyarecreated,accumulated,andused,andforarchivistswhoassumeresponsibilityforpreservingandprovidingaccesstothoserecordssubsequently.Intheworldofanaloguerecords,cooperationandcollaborationbetweenrecordsmanagersandarchivistswashighlydesiredandperhapsessentialinenablingarchivalrepositoriestocopewithvastquantitiesofrecordstransferredintotheircustody.Theexplosivegrowthofelectronicrecordsmakessuchcollaborationandcooperationnotmerelydesirablebutanabsolutenecessity.Archivalrepositories,quitesimplystated,areandwillcontinuetobeunabletocopewiththehugevolumesofelectronicrecordsifthoserecordsarenotcreated,used,andmanagedinawaythatamelioratessubsequentpreservationandaccesschallenges.Cooperationbetweenrecordsmanagersandarchivistsisanurgentnecessity.Suchcooperationnecessarilyincludesdescription,butitneedstobeextendedtoaddressmanytechnologicalchallenges.WehopethatRiCwillbeofinteresttorecordsmanagers,andthatdescriptivepracticesbetweenthetwoprofessionalcommunitiescanbealigned.

5Forfurtherinformation,seehttps://www.w3.org/OWL/<accessed20/06/2016>


RiCwill,furthermore,beofinteresttothealliedculturalheritagecommunities.Integratedaccesstoculturalheritageheldbylibraries,archives,museums,andcuratedculturalsitesandmonumentsisincreasinglythefocusofprofessionalcommunities,policymakers,fundingagencies,andusercommunities.Differentculturalheritagecommunitieshavefundamentallydifferentunderstandingsofthenatureoftheobjectsforwhichtheyhavecuratorialresponsibility.Theseunderstandingsandpracticesarewell-establishedandadapted(andadapting)totheparticularchallengesofeachcommunityandthenatureoftheobjectsintheircare.Whilemanyoftheeffortstorealizetheobjectiveofintegratedaccesshavefocusedondevelopingasharedstandardfordescription,reducingthedifferentdescriptivepracticestooneisintellectuallyandpoliticallychallenging.Thisobjective,though,doesnotrequiresuchareduction,asthecommunitiesneedonlyidentifyandcooperatewherethereareshared(orlargelyshared)conceptsandpractices.RiC-Owillfacilitatealigningarchivaldescriptionwiththedescriptionofalliedprofessionalswherethereisconceptualoverlap,furtheringeffortstoprovideintegratedaccesstoculturalheritage.

ItisessentialthatdevelopersofrecordsmanagementandrecorddescriptionandaccesssystemsarepartofRiC’saudience.RiCisdetailedandcomplex,andthereforesuccessfulimplementationandusewillrequirethedevelopmentofmethodsthatwillamelioratetheintellectual,technological,andeconomicchallengeofdatacreationandmaintenance.

Finally,RiCisintendedtobeofinteresttotheresearchusersofarchives,inparticulartoscholarsinterestedinreusingarchivalrecords.ThoughRiCprimarilyfocusesondescriptionthatisbasedonarchivalprinciplesandresponsibilities,itmaybeusedtosupportscholarlydescriptionsofindividualrecordsorsetsofrecordsthatarebasedonotherperspectivesandrequirements.1.4TheEssentialRoleofRecordsandRecordKeeping

Themaking,use,andkeepingofrecordsbeganapproximately4000yearsbeforetheinventionofwriting.TheearliestevidenceofrecordkeepingcoincidedwiththeemergenceofagricultureinMesopotamiaaround8000BCE.Tokensofvariousshapeswereusedtorepresentbothquantitiesandkindsofagriculturalproducts.Fixingthisinformationinenduringformsmadeitpossibletoextendthelimitsofhumanmemoryandmaketheinformationreliablyrecoverable.

Withtheadventofwriting,recordkeepingfurtherenabledtheaccumulationofmemoryandknowledge,andtherebyenabledthedevelopmentandmanagementoflarge,complexsocialstructuresandmonumentalcollectiveundertakings.6TheinventionofwritinginthelatefourthmillenniumBCEcoincidedwiththerapidemergenceofcity-states,ofcomplexsocialhierarchies,ofhierarchiesofauthorityandpower,andofhighlydifferentiatedlabourtiedtoone’spositioninthesocialhierarchy.Recordmakingandkeepingemergedtogetherwithincreasinglyorganized,large,rankedgroupsofindividualsfulfillingdifferentroles,withtheformerplayinganessentialroleinenablingtheongoing

6Fixinginformationinenduringformsisnottheonlymethodofpreservingmemory,asmanysocietiesemployoral-basedmethodsfortransmittingknowledgeacrossgenerations;inmanyinstancesacrossmany,manygenerations.Whatisdistinctaboutwrittenrecordsisthattheyenabletheaccumulationofknowledgeandthemanagementofmonumentalsocialandmaterialundertakingsthattranscendlocalizedsocietiesandcultures.Thisdifferencedoesnotmakewrittenrecordssuperior,thoughithasledtoasymmetricalpowerrelationsthatoften(ifnotalways)havehadtragiceffectsontraditionalsocietiesandcultures.Withrespecttotherelationbetweenpeopleandtheenvironment,arguablytraditionalsocietiesutilizingoral-basedmethodsaresustainablewhilesocietiesbasedonwrittenrecordsultimatelyarenot,giventhelatter’svoraciousconsumptionofnaturalresources.


developmentofthelatter.Withtheadventofwrittenlanguage,therolesandpurposesofrecordmakingexpanded,astherangeanddepthofwhatcouldberecordedandcommunicatedvastlyexceededthelimitedsemanticrepertoireoftokens.7

ThebondbetweenrecordsandtheongoingdevelopmentofevermorecomplexsocialandmaterialhumanexistencerepresentsacontinuoushistoryfromtheeighthmillenniumBCEdowntothepresentday.Bothpeacefulandhostilerelationsamongdifferentcommunitiesproducedanincreasinglyglobalsocialanddocumentarynetwork,sincehumanactivityandrecordshavebeenandcontinuetobeinextricablyintertwined.Recordsemergewithinasocialanddocumentarycontext,andtheimmediatecontextisitselfwithinabroaderspatialandtemporalcontext.

Theprimaryfunctionofrecordsandrecordkeeping,theenablingofhighlyorganized,large-scalesocialandmaterialexistence,hasremainedmoreorlessconstantoverhistory.Inparticular,betweenthesixteenthandeighteenthcenturiesarchiveswereconsideredprimarily“arsenaldel'authorité”andwerejealouslykeptandusedalmostexclusivelyintheinterestofpoliticalandadministrativeauthorities.Intheseventeenthandeighteenthcenturiesnotonlycurrentbutalsohistoricalarchivesweresometimesclassifiedaccordingtotopicsandsubjectratherthanpreservingthearrangementthatemergedinanddocumentedthecontextofcreationanduse.WiththeemergenceofantiquarianandhistoricalinterestineighteenthandnineteenthcenturyEurope,recordsbecamevaluableformorethantheirimmediateutility,asaftertheirpracticalusefulnesswasexhaustedtheybecomeusefulashistoricalevidence.Thenineteenthcenturywitnessedtheemergenceofnation-states,nationalarchives,andmodernhistorythatemphasizednarrativesbasedonreliableevidence.Itwasatthistimethatitwasrecognizedthatarrangementbasedonpertinence,whileitmaybenefitcertaintypesofpracticalandevenantiquarianinterests,diminishedifnotdestroyedtheinherentinterrelationsandinterdependenceofrecords,andtherebydiminishedtheirevidentiaryvalueandunderminedscholarlyunderstandingandinterpretation.Suchpracticesde-contextualizedrecords.TheestablishmentofthePrincipleofProvenancewasintendedtocorrectthesepractices.81.5Provenance,Context,andDescription

ThePrincipleofProvenanceemergedinthenineteenthcentury,andoverthecourseofthecenturybecameestablishedasthefoundationofarchivaltheoryandpracticeinthemodernWest.Theprincipleisunderstoodtohavetwomajorfacets.ThefirstisexpressedintheFrenchRespectdesfonds:therecordscreated,accumulated,andusedbyapersonorgroupinthecourseoflifeandworkaretobekepttogetherandnotintermixedwithrecordsfromothersources.TheruleofRespectdesfondsrecognizesthattherecordsthatonepersonorgroupaccumulatesoverthecourseofhis,her,oritsexistencereflectanddocumentthatexistence,andthattogethertheyconstituteaninterrelatedwhole,acoherentbodyofevidence.Theprincipleisintendedtoensuretheintegrityoftheaccumulation.Thesecondfacet,Respectfororiginalorder,recognizesthattheintellectualgroupingofandsequencing

7DeniseSchmandt-Besserat.HowWritingCameAbout.Austin:UniversityofTexasPress,1996.8RobertHenryBautier."Laphasecrucialedel'histoiredesarchives:laconstitutiondesdépôtsd'archives

etlanaissancedel'archivistique(XVI-débutduXIXsiècle)"ArchivumXVIII,1968,pp.139-149;Archiviestorianell'EuropadelXIXsecolo:alleradicidell'identitàculturaleeuropea,IreneCottaandRosaliaMannoTolueds.,Roma:MinisteroperiBenieleAttivitàculturali,Direzionegeneralepergliarchivi,2006;LucianaDuranti."TheOdysseyofRecordsManagers"RecordsManagementQuarterly23,3and4(1989):3-11and3-11;andStefanBerger."TheroleofnationalarchivesinconstructingnationalmasternarrativesinEurope"ArchivalScience13,1(2013):1-22.


imposedontherecordsinthecontextofaccumulationanduseisessentialtounderstandingtheinterrelationsamongthemaswellasbeingevidenceofhowtheywereused.Applyingeachfacetoftheprincipleinvolvesboththemannerinwhichtherecordsarestored(kepttogetherandorderimposedandmaintained)andtheintellectualdescription(descriptionofthewholeandoftheparts).Whilemanagementofthestorageandtheintellectualdescriptionarecommonlycloselyrelated,thetwoactivitiesaredistinct,andtherelationbetweenthemisnotessential.9

ThePrincipleofProvenance,astraditionallyunderstood,hasbeenquestionedandcriticizedbybotharchivaltheoristsandpractitioners.TheruleofRespectdesfondsemphasizesandprivilegesthepersonorgroupthathasaccumulatedabodyofrecords,andoftendoesnotreflectthesocialandmaterialcomplexityoftheoriginsoftherecords.Individualsinteractwithoneanotherandwithgroups,andgroupswithindividualsandothergroups.Recordsbyoneindividualorgroupareoftenfoundintherecordsofanotherindividualorgroup.Theintellectualcontentofrecordsmayberelatedtothecontentofoneormoreotherrecords.Asinglerecord,orsinglefondsorotheraccumulationofrecords,maybejointlycreatedbymorethanoneindividualorgroup.Morethanonepersonorgroupmayhavedifferingrolesinrelationtoonerecordoronesetofrecords.Peoplecreateanduserecords,andarefrequentlythesubjectofrecords.Boththeemergenceofcollaborativeeditinginthenetworkeddigitalenvironment,whichiscreatingmanyrecordsthathavecomplexauthorship,andtheuseofremotestorageservicesthatarenotfullycontrolledbytheusers,raiseissuesofownershipandcustody.Alloftheseobservationsandmoreleadtotheconclusionthatprovenanceismuchmorecomplexthanthelongestablishedunderstandingoffonds:afondsdoesnotexistinisolation,butwithinlayersofinterconnectedcontexts,past,present,andfuture.

Respectfororiginalorderalsohasgivenrisetocriticism,thoughnotallofthecriticismisnew.ThemeaningofRespectfororiginalorderhasbeenamatterofcontentionand,somewouldsay,confusion.Doesitmeantheoriginalorderoftherecordsthemselves,ortheintellectualorder?Increasinglyitisunderstoodas,firstandforemost,theintellectualorder,andsecondarily,ifatall,thephysicalorderoftherecords.Butthisviewdoesnotrepresentaconsensus.Anongoingchallengehasbeenthatfondsmayarriveinanarchivewithnodiscernibleorder.Insuchcases,thearchivististaskedwithreconstructingit,aswellasispossible,basedonevidenceembodiedintherecordsthemselves.Morerecentcriticismhasquestionedthemeaningof“originalorder,”asitcanonlybeunderstoodasthestateoftherecordsatagivenmoment,themomentwhentherecordsaretransferredfromthecontextofcreationandusetothecontextofthearchive.Overthecourseofthetimewhenabodyofrecordsisaccumulating,theorderoftherecordsisdynamic,changing,fluid.Recordsmay,infact,bereordered,andmorethanonce.

BoththeRespectdesfondsandtheRespectfororiginalorderarearchivalprinciples,notrecordsmanagementprinciples.Bothareretrospective,whereas,inthecontextofcreationanduse,theperspectiveofapersonmanaginghisorherownrecordsortheperspectiveofadesignatedrecordsmanagerisfocusedontheimmediateneedsofthepersonorthegroup.Thefondsanditsinternalorderareinastateofbecoming.

9Thedimensionsofbothanalogueanddigitalrecordsandthephysicalfacilitiesinoronwhichtherecords

arestoreddeterminetheboundariesofthestorageunit,andstorageboundariesarenotthesameastheintellectualboundariesofarecordorsetofrecords.Therelationbetweentheintellectualandstoragecollocationandarrangement,whenthereisone,primarilyservesmanagementpurposes.Whetherthereisorisnotarelation,itisafacetofthecontextoftherecords.


WhilealmostallarchivistsacceptthetheoreticalvalidityofProvenance,manyhavebecomeincreasinglyself-consciousandself-criticalabouttherolethatarchivistsandtheapplicationofarchivalprinciplesplayinwhatisrememberedandhowitisremembered.Thiscriticismnecessarilyencompassesmorethandescription,asitalsoincludesappraisal,theevaluationsthatleadtowhatischosentoberememberedandwhatisnot.Viewedbroadly,appraisaldetermineswhichrecordsarekeptandwhicharenot.Memoryisselective:whatarchivistschoosetokeepdirectlydetermineswhetherthememoryisrepresentativeofsociety.Thesedeterminationshaveprofoundepistemologicalandethicalimplications.Appraisalsbybothrecordsmanagersandarchivists,aswellasaccidentallossordispersalofrecords,alsodirectlydeterminetherelativeintegrityorlackthereofofthefonds.Boththerecordskeptandthoselostorintentionallyremovedarepartofthestoryofthefonds,andthusanimportantfacetofthecontextnecessaryforevaluatingandunderstandingrecordsbyusers.

Increasingly,archivistsobservethatthearchivalperspectiveisoneamongmanypossibleperspectivesthatmaybeemployedintheunderstandingofrecords,thattheythemselvesareperformingtheirjobsinaparticularhistorical(cultural,social,material)context,thattheirjudgementsandactsareshapedandinformedbythecontextswithinwhichtheyliveandwork.Atthesametime,archivistsincreasinglyareobservingthatthecontextsinwhichrecordsemergeandinwhichtheyexistovertimeareirreduciblydynamicandcomplex.

Whentakentogether,thetwoobservationsleadtotheconclusionthatarchivaldescriptionisnotandneverwillbeperfect,buttheyalsoforegroundthechallengeofmakingitbetter,ofimprovingit,ofmakingitpossibletomorefullyexpressthecomplexityofcontextandcontexts,ofmakingexplicitthedifferentrolesoftherecordsmanagersandarchivistsinselectingandformingmemory,andofbeingaccommodatingtotheperspectivesandvaluesofothers.

RiCisintendedtoenablearchiviststoimprovearchivaldescription,tomakeitbetter.1.6RoleofRecordDescription

Thedescriptionofrecordsplaysseveralessentialpurposes.1.6.1ManagementofRecords

Whilerecordedinformationcreatedinthecontextofpeople’slivesandworkservesmanypurposes,oneofitsessentialfunctionsistoservetoextendthelimitsofhumanmemory,tobeanenduringwitnessofeventsandactivities.Asrecordsproliferate,keepingtrackofthemandlocatingthemwhenneededbecomesitselfachallengetohumanmemory.Managementofrecordsinvolvesaninterrelatedcombinationofphysicalandintellectualtechniques.Foranaloguerecords,therecordsaretypicallystoredinasystematichierarchicalmannerthatreflectsthefunctions,activities,andtransactionstheyfacilitateanddocument,combinedwiththeuseoflabelsandothermetadatatofacilitatethestoring,retrieving,andongoinguseoftherecords.Fordigitalrecords,filesystemsmediatethestorageofdigitalfiles,mostcommonlyusingahierarchicaldirectorystructurethatisananalogueofthehierarchicalstorageofphysicalfiles,includingtheuseofdirectoryandfolderlabelsandothermetadata.Inordertoestablishintellectualcontroloverrecordsandfacilitate,locate,identify,retrieve,andusethem,however,itisnecessarytoaugmenttherudimentarymetadataassociatedwiththephysicalordigitalmanagementofrecordswithadditionaldescriptionofcontexts.

ComprehensivedescriptionassuggestedinRIC-CMisessentialfortheeffectivemanagementofrecords.


1.6.2PreservationofRecords

Preservationofrecordshasmultiplefacets.Foranaloguerecords,thisinvolvesstoringtherecordsinenvironmentsthatmitigatephysicalrisks,andongoingmaintenanceofrecordsthathavesuffereddamageorareatrisk.Thechallengebecomesmuchmorecomplexforelectronicrecords,asthecarrier,encodingformat,mediationdeviceandmethodmustbecarefullyandpersistentlymanagedinordertopreservetherecords.Forbothanalogueanddigitalrecords,theauthenticityandintegrityoftherecordsmustbesafeguarded.Suchsafeguarding,inadditiontophysicallymanagingtherecordsassuch,alsoinvolvespreservingthecontextwithinwhichtherecordswerecreated,accumulated,maintained,andusedbydescribingitbasedonavailableevidence.

Recordsemergenotinisolation,butwithinacontext,andwithinthatcontext,inrelationtooneanotherandinrelationtothepeoplecreating,using,andkeepingthem.Thusrecordscannotbeunderstoodinisolationfromthesocial-documentcontextwithinwhichtheyemerge.Documentingthecontextbydescribingitisessentialtothepreservationofrecords.Thispointstoafundamentaltensioninarchivalpractice.Ontheonehand,recordsareevidence,andmaintainingandensuringtheintegrityandauthenticityoftherecordasevidenceleadstoanecessaryfocusonfixityandmaintainingthefixityoftheinformation.Ontheotherhand,recordsoriginateandexistovertimeindynamicenvironments,anddocumentingasfullyaspossibleboththecomplexoriginsandongoinghistoryisessentialforbothevaluatingtheevidentiaryqualityofrecords,andforunderstandingthem.

ComprehensivedescriptionassuggestedinRIC-CMisessentialfortheeffectivepreservationofrecords.1.6.3OngoingUseandReuseofRecords

Thedescriptioncreatedtofacilitatemanagementandpreservationalsoservesthoseinterestedinrecordsaswitnessestolifeandworkactivities,topeople,tohuman-madeandnaturalevents,tothingsmade,thingsstudied,thingsdone,andmore.Anythingandeverythingmaybethesubjectofrecords.Forpeoplewhowanttouserecordsasevidenceforscholarly,business,personal,orotherpurposes,descriptionfacilitatesdiscovering,locating,identifying,retrieving,evaluating,andunderstandingthem.Suchongoinguseandreuseoftherecordsbecomespartofthehistoryoftherecords;itre-contextualizesthem.Theuseandreusegenerateotherrecords,therebyextendingthesocial-documentnetwork.

ComprehensivedescriptionassuggestedinRIC-CMisessentialfortheeffectiveuseandreuseofrecords.1.7RecordDescriptioninTransition

ThepredominantformofarchivaldescriptionisbasedonthetraditionalunderstandingofthePrincipleofProvenance.Thepredominantformisalargely(ifnotexclusively)self-contained,inward-lookinghierarchicaldescriptionofasinglefonds.Thedescriptionbeginswithadescriptionofthefonds,andproceedstodescribethecomponentsofthefonds,andthesubcomponentsofthecomponents,andsoon.Whilethehierarchymayterminateinthedescriptionofanindividualrecord,itcommonlydoesnot.Suchdescriptionsarecurrentlycreatedandmaintainedusingavarietyofcommunicationtechnologies(forexample,wordprocessors,databases,orEncodedArchivalDescription(EAD10)XML-encodeddocuments)butallanticipatetheproductionofthetraditionalprintfindingaid,oranonlinepresentationthatismoreorlessananalogueofit.

10Forfurtherinformationseehttps://www.loc.gov/ead/<accessed20/06/2016>


ItisthismodelofarchivaldescriptionthatisembodiedinISAD(G).Thefonds-downdescriptionprescribedinISAD(G)containsadescriptionofthefondsanddependentaggregationsofrecords,aswellasadescriptionoftheperson,corporatebody,orfamilythatcreated,accumulatedandusedtherecords,andtheholdingrepository.Descriptionoftherecordsandthecontextoftherecordsiscombinedinasingle,standalonedescription,withlittleornorelationtotheworldoutsideoftheimmediatecontext.

OverthecourseofthefourteenyearsfollowingthedevelopmentofISAD(G),threeotherstandardsweredeveloped:ISAAR-CPF,ISDF,andISDIAH.Theyenvisionedtheseparationofprimarycomponentsofthearchivaldescription(creator-accumulatorofafonds;thefunctionsthattherecordsaccumulateddocument;andtherepositorythatheldthefonds).Theseadditionalstandardswereintendedtoencouragethedevelopmentofsystemsofdescriptioninwhichthecomponentsofdescriptionswereseparatelymaintainedandinterrelated,andthenused,ondemand,toproducecompletearchivaldescriptionasithastraditionallybeenunderstood,andatthesametime,enableproducingnewandpotentiallypowerfulperspectivesthatfacilitatetheuseandunderstandingofrecords.

However,thefourstandardsweredevelopedindependentlyofoneanotheroveranextendedperiodoftimeandwithoutanoverarchingandpersistentvisionofhowsuchseparationwouldworkinpractice,andasaresultthestandardsdonotrepresentacoherent,consistentmodelofarchivaldescription.Ofthefourstandards,ISAD(G)hassignificantlyinfluencedinternationalarchivaldescriptivepractice,withISAAR(CPF)havingsomeuse,andbothISDFandISDIAHverylittle.EvenifnewtypesoffindingaidsandarchivaldescriptivesystemsbasedonthefourICAstandardshavebeendevelopedinthepasttenyears,thepredominantmodelofarchivaldescriptionremainsthefonds-downhierarchicaldescriptionprescribedinISAD(G).Foravarietyofreasons,itislikelytoremaintheprevailingapproachtoarchivaldescriptionforthenearfuture:itaddressesthetraditionalunderstandingofthePrincipleofProvenance;itiswellunderstoodbythecommunity;avarietyofexistingmethodsandsystemsexisttofacilitatecreation,maintenance,andpublication;andfinally,itisarelativelyeconomicapproachtoanexceptionallycomplex,labour-intensivechallenge.

Archivaldescription(andresourcedescriptioningeneral)isdependentonavailablecommunicationtechnologies.Asnewmethodsofrepresentingandcommunicatinginformationbecomeavailable,theyoffertheopportunitytore-envisionarchivaldescription.Thisre-envisioninggenerallyemphasizesseparatingandinterrelatingkeycomponentsofdescriptiontoaccommodatetheproductionoffamiliarandprovenmodesofaccessandatthesametimeopennewpathsintoandpresentnewperspectivesondescribedresources.Twointerdependentmotivationsfortheseparationarecommonlycited:improvingtheeconomyandaccuracyofdescription;andenhancingaccesstoandunderstandingofthedescribedresources.

Communicationtechnologiesthatemergedinthelasttwodecadesofthetwentiethcenturyhavegraduallybeentransformingthemethodsusedbyarchiviststodescribeandprovideaccesstothem.Bothmarkup(XMLandrelatedstandards)andrelational(SQL)technologies,inparticular,haveenabledmanyarchivestosuccessfullytransitionfrompaper-basedproductionoffindingaidstocomputer-basedproduction.

Aspowerfulasthetwotechnologieshavebeen,muchandperhapsmostrealworldinformationisnotrepresentedwellineitheroneortheother.Archivaldescription,particularlyinthesinglefonds-leveldescription,isadequatelybutnotoptimallyaccommodatedbydatabasetechnologiesinsomepartsandinotherpartsbymarkuptechnologies.Thatneithertechnologyclearlydominatesthearchival


implementationlandscapereflectsthebetwixtandbetweennatureofthetraditionalsingledescription.Manydescriptionsystemsuseeitheroneortheotheroracarefullycraftedcombinationofthetwo.Technologicaldevelopmentswithinandbetweenthetwotechnologiesameliorateifnoteliminatetheweaknessofeachandthushelpsustaintheirdominanceovertherepresentationlandscape.But,giventhattherealworldwithinwhichweliveandworkmaybeunderstoodasavast,dynamicallyinterrelatednetworkofpeopleandobjectssituatedinspaceandtime,graphtechnologiesoffernewandmoreexpressiveformsofrepresentation.

Graphtechnologieshaveexistedinvariousformssincethe1960s,thoughtheirusedidnotbecomewidespreaduntilthelate1990swhentheW3CreleasedResourceDescriptionFramework(RDF11),astandardfortherepresentationofgraphdata.Graphtechnologiesintroducedatarepresentationasstatements,typicallycharacterizedassubject-predicate-object,witheachstatementcalleda“triple.”WhileXMLsupportsaspecificformofgraphs,thehierarchy(or“tree”),triplesenableunboundedrepresentationofnetworksofinterconnecteddataobjectsaswellasrealworldobjects(representedbydata).

Itiswithinthecontextofestablishedandemergingcommunicationtechnologies,andofanexpandedunderstandingofprovenance,thatRiC-CMisbeingdeveloped.RiC-CMisintendedtoaccommodateexistingdescriptionpracticesandatthesametimetoacknowledgenewunderstandings,andtopositionarchivestotakeadvantageofopportunitiespresentedbynewandemergingcommunicationtechnologies.RiC-CMaspirestoreflectbothfacetsofthePrincipleofProvenance,asthesehavetraditionallybeenunderstoodandpracticed,andatthesametimerecognizeamoreexpansiveanddynamicunderstandingofprovenance.Itisthismoreexpansiveunderstandingthatisembodiedintheword“Contexts.”RiC-CMisintendedtoenableafuller,ifforeverincomplete,descriptionofthecontextsinwhichrecordsemergeandexist,soastoenablemultipleperspectivesandmultipleavenuesofaccess.1.8FromISAD(G),ISAAR(CPF),ISDF,andISDIAHtoRiC-CM

RiC-CMincorporatesthefourexistingICAdescriptionstandards,ISAD(G),ISAAR(CPF),ISDF,andISDIAH.Intheprocessofintegratingandinterrelatingthefourexistingstandards,therehasbeenextensiveanalysisofeachoftheexistingstandards,andthishasledtofurtheridentificationanddifferentiationoftheprimarydescriptionentities,particularlywithaviewtowardshowtomostefficientlymaintainandinterrelatethemtoformcompletedescription.

Theprimarydescriptionentitiesare:

• Record• RecordComponent• RecordSet• Agent• Occupation• Position• Function• Function(Abstract)• Activity• Mandate

11Forfurtherinformationseehttps://www.w3.org/RDF/<accessed20/06/2016>


• DocumentaryForm• Date• Place• Concept/Thing

GiventhatISAD(G)envisionsalldescriptionentitiesorcomponentscombinedinasingledescriptiveapparatus,RiC-CMmaybeunderstoodasembodyingallofISAD(G).Atthesametime,RiC-CMalsoincorporatesandfurtherdifferentiatesthedescriptionentitiesrepresentedintheotherthreeICAstandards.Forexample,AgentembodiesbothISAAR(CPF)andISDIAH,andFunctionandActivityembodiesISDF.1.8.1FromUnitofDescriptiontoRecordandRecordSet

AmainstayinISAD(G)is“unitofdescription.”ISAD(G)(andamajorportionoftheprofessionalliteratureondescription)assumesthatindividualrecordsandaggregationsofrecordsmaybeeachdescribedinthesameway,and,implicitly,thattheyarethesamekindofthing.Althoughinpracticearchivistshavelongrecognizedthatthisisnotthecase,therehasbeennoclearguidance,whichhasledtoconfusedandinconsistentdescription.RiC-CMtreatseachasadistinctkindofthing,andthoughtherearemanysharedproperties,themannerinwhichoneshouldbedescribedisnotthesameasthemannerinwhichtheothershouldbedescribed.Treatingeachasadistinctkindofthing,createdatdifferenttimesandfordifferentpurposes,enablesdescriptionthatisunambiguousandclear.1.8.2FromMultilevelDescriptiontoMultidimensionalDescription

AnadditionalmainstayofISAD(G)is“multileveldescription.”ISAD(G)isbasedona“multilevel”model.Thestandardassumes(thoughdoesnotprescribe)thatthescopeofasingledescriptionisafonds,andthatthedescriptionbeginswithadescriptionofthefonds,asasingleandcompleteentity,andmaythenproceedtodescribepartsofthewhole,andpartsoftheparts,alllinkedtogethertoformasingle,self-containedhierarchy.

RiC-CMmodelswhatmaybedescribedas“multidimensionaldescription.”Ratherthanahierarchy,thedescriptionmaytaketheformofagraphornetwork.Modellingdescriptionasagraphaccommodatesthesingle,fonds-based,multileveldescriptionmodelledinISAD(G),butalsoenablesaddressingthemoreexpansiveunderstandingofprovenancedescribedabove.Themultidimensionalmodelthusenablesthedescriptionofthefonds,butalsoseesthefondsexistinginabroadercontext,inrelationtootherfonds.Inamultidimensionalapproachtodescription,theRecordsandSetsofRecords,theirinterrelationswithoneanother,theirinterrelationswithAgents,Functions,Activities,Mandates,etc.,andeachofthesewithoneanother,arerepresentedasanetworkwithinwhichindividualfondsaresituated.Theproximatecontextofeachfondsisestablished,thoughitsboundariesarepermeable,asitexistswithinlayersofadditionalcontextcontainingotherfonds.ThemodelenablesthefulfilmentoftheRespectdesfonds,butalsoenablesaddressingothertypesofRecordSetswithcomplexorigination(forexample,aseriesthatdocumentsonefunctionthatisperformedseriallybyasuccessionofdifferentAgents).

WhileRiC-CMisamodelthatmakesitpossibletodescriberecordsandtheenvironmentsinwhichtheyarecreated,accumulated,used,andmanagedinawaythatmorefullycapturesandexpressesthecomplexcontextualrealitiesthancanbedoneusingasinglehierarchicaldescription,itdoesnotrepudiatehierarchicaldescriptionassuch.Infact,themodelassumesthatRecordSets,inadditionto


thepossibilityofhavingindividualmemberRecords,mayalsohavememberRecordSets,hierarchicallyarranged,suchasahierarchythatrepresentsaseriesthatcontainssubseriesthatinturncontainfiles.

InthemodellingofRecordSet,specialcareistakentodistinguishbetweenthepropertiesandrelationsoftheRecordSetassuch,andindividualRecordscontainedintheSet.ARecordSet,forexample,hasitsownprovenance.WhiletheprovenanceoftheRecordSetmayberelatedtotheprovenanceofsomeifnotallofthecontainedRecords,theprovenanceoftheRecordSetisdistinctfromtheprovenanceofthecontainedRecords.Inotherwords,whilethecreatorofaRecordSetmaybethesameasthecreatorofallorsomeofthecontainedRecords,theactofcreatingtheRecordisdistinctfromtheactofcreatingtheRecordSet.

DescriptionoftheRecordscontainedinaRecordSetisfurtherdifferentiatedintotwocategories:summarydescriptionofthecontainedRecords(forexample,adaterangeforthespanoftimewithinwhichthecontainedRecordswerecreated),andthesharedpropertiesorrelationstheRecordshavethatdesignatethemasmembersofaRecordSet(forexample,allcontainedRecordsdocumentthesameFunction,orallsharethesameDocumentaryForm).

DistinguishingthekindsandscopeofpropertiesandrelationswithintheRecordSetisintendedtobringgreaterintellectualclaritytothedescriptionandtomakeitpossibletomakeexplicitandmachine-actionable“theinheritanceofdescription.”DescriptionoftheRecordSetassuch,andsummarydescriptionofthecontainedRecordsisonlyintellectuallyinheritableas“context”forthecontainedRecords.ThesummarypropertiesarenotpropertiesofthecontainedRecordsassuch,butanoverviewofthem,reducedtoanabstract.ThesharedpropertiesorrelationsrecordedattheleveloftheRecordSet,however,arelegitimatelypropertiesorrelationsofeachofthememberRecordsofaRecordSet.Forexample,ifalloftheRecordsinaRecordSetreflectaparticularFunction,thenthedescriptionofeachindividualRecordmayalsoincludearelationtotheFunction.1.9TransitiontoRiC-CM

ThoughRiC-CMaccommodatestheexistingpredominantdescriptionpracticethatiscodifiedinISAD(G),italsogoeswellbeyondthecurrentICAdescriptionstandards,bothconceptuallyandstructurally.RiC-CMisintendedtoprovidethesemanticandstructuralfoundationfordevelopingrecorddescriptionsystemsordescriptionmoduleswithinrecordsmanagementsystems.Itattemptstoidentifyandaccommodateawidevarietyofdescriptionandaccessneeds,andisintendedtobesufficientlydetailedandpreciseinthemodellingtosupportgraphandsemantictechnologies.

RiC-CMthusconceptuallydiffersfromandismuchmorecomplexanddetailedthantheexistingfourICAstandards.ItisanticipatedthatmasteringtheintellectualandtechnologicalcomplexityofRiC-CMbyrecordsmanagers,archivists,andthedevelopersofsystemsthatsupporttheirworkwilltaketime.Transitioningfromtheprevailingapproachtorecordsdescription(thesingle,stand-alonefonds-basedhierarchicaldescription)toamoreflexible,open,graph-ornetwork-basedapproachwillbegradual.

Archivesandlibraries,museums,andotherculturalheritageinstitutionswitharchivalholdingsvarygreatlyinsizeandresources,andtheyexistinmanydifferentsocialandpoliticalcontexts.IndevelopingRiC-CM,EGADrecognizesthatmanyinstitutionswillsimplynothavetheresourcestoimmediatelyembraceRiC-CM.Atthesametime,thereareinstitutionsthathavetheneedandmeanstobeginimplementingdescriptionbasedontheRiC-CMmodel,andtheseinstitutionswillbeabletocontribute


feedbacktobenefittheongoingdevelopmentofRiC,andalso“topavetheway”forothers,demonstratingboththevalueoftheRiCmodel,andthemethodsrequiredtosuccessfullyimplementit.

DevelopersofrecordsmanagementandrecorddescriptionandaccesssystemswillalsobeessentialinthepromulgationandongoingdevelopmentofRiC.Developerswithagoodunderstandingofarchivalprinciplesandpractice,aswellascompetencyinthedevelopmentofrelationalandgraphtechnologieswillneedtodesignsystemsthatamelioratetheintellectual,technological,andeconomicchallengeofdatacreationandmaintenance.

EGADalsorecognizestheneedtodevelopImplementationGuidelines,anditisanticipatedthatsuchguidelineswillfollowthereleaseofstableversionsofRiC-CMandRiC-O.1.10Acknowledgements

ICAProgrammeCommission(PCOM)hasgenerouslyprovidedfundingforEGADmeetingsinBelgium(2013),Spain(2014),Romania(2015),andFrance(2016).InadditiontosupportfromthePCOM,theICASecretaryGeneralandotherstaffhaveprovidedbothmoralandlogisticsupporttoEGAD.LocalsupportformeetingswasprovidedbyArchivesgénéralesduRoyaume/AlgemeenRijksarchief(Belgium),ArxiuMunicipaldeGirona(Spain),ArhiveleNaţionalealeRomâniei,ArchivesnationalesdeFrance,andServiceinterministérieldesArchivesdeFrance.EGADmembers’homeinstitutionshavealsoprovidedmemberswithadditionalsupportforbothtravelandwork.


2.Entities

# Name DefinitionRiC-E1Record Linguistic,symbolic,orgraphicinformationrepresentedinanypersistent

form,onanydurablecarrier,byanymethod,byanAgentinthecourseoflifeorworkeventsandActivities.

ScopeNotes Suchinformationmayserveavarietyofpurposes,includingdocumentingtheeventsandActivities.BecauseofitsrelationtotheeventsandActivities,itservesasevidenceforthemnomatteritsqualityforuseinaparticularcontext.OneormoreRecordsinonecontextmaybesubsumedorincorporatedintoaRecordinanothercontexttoformanewRecord.This‘compoundRecord’shouldnotbeconfusedwithaRecordSet,asitisevidenceofasingletransactionbyanAgentratherthanagroupingofdistinctRecordsaspartoftheirmanagementanduse.

Examples deedappointingJohnBambridge,SheriffofLeicestershire,with3rdGreatSealofCharlesIappended;sketchMapoftheQatarPeninsula;emailmessageconcerninganagreementtoparticipateintheICASeoulCongresscontainingtwoattachmentsanddigitallysigned

# Name DefinitionRiC-E2RecordComponent PartofaRecordwithdiscreteinformationcontentthatcontributestothe

Record'sphysicalorintellectualcompleteness.

ScopeNotes

Ifremovedthecompletenessoftherecordiscompromised.

Examples 3rdGreatSealofCharlesI;twodigitalphotographsattachedtoanemailmessage

# Name DefinitionRiC-E3RecordSet OneormoreRecordsthatareintellectuallybroughttogetheratsomeDate,

byanAgent,wherevertheRecordsmayresideandwhateverthesharedpropertiesorrelationsamongthemmaybe.

ScopeNotes Inaparticularcontext,anAgent(e.g.administrator,recordsmanager,archivist,end-user,etc.)selectsthememberRecordsofaRecordSetbasedonasharedpropertyorproperties,orasharedRelationorRelations.ThegroupingoftheRecordsservesapurposeorpurposesspecifictothecontextoftheAgent.Byexception,someRecordsarebroughttogetherbasedontheirnotbelonginginthecontextofselectiontootherdesignatedgroups:a‘Miscellaneous’seriesforexample.Theselectionandgrouping,forexample,mayrepresenttheactofclassifyingtheRecordsinaccordancewithaformalclassificationschemethatmaybebasedonfunction,subject,organizationalstructure,orothercriteria;anactofarchivalarrangement(e.g.basedoncommonprovenance);orsomeotherselectionandgroupingthatfulfilsaparticular


purposeorpurposes(e.g.aclassificationthatreflectsorsupportsthepurposesofaresearcher).TheRecordSetcreatedbyanAgentinthecourseoflifeorworkeventsandActivitiesshouldbekeptinamannerthatpreservescontextandevidentialvalue.RecordsSetsmayalsocontainotherRecordsSets.BothaRecordSetandaRecordmaysimultaneouslybeamemberofmorethanoneRecordSet,andoverthecourseofitsexistence,aRecordSetorRecordmaybeamemberofanindeterminatenumberofRecordSetsinanindeterminatenumberofcontexts.RecordSetsandRecordscontainedwithinaRecordSetmaybeorderedintoasequencebasedonacommonpropertyorrelation,orcommonpropertiesorrelations(e.g.alphabeticalbyAgentorrelatedPlacename);chronologicalorderbyanallocatedDate;orsomeothercriterion(e.g.animposedorderbyrelevance).OneormoreRecordsinonecontextmaybesubsumedorincorporatedintoaRecordinanothercontexttoformanewRecord.Sucha‘compoundRecord’shouldnotbeconfusedwithaRecordSet.

Examples CottonManuscriptsCollection;miscellaneouspapersandfragments;papersoftheEarlsofLiverpool;officialcorrespondenceofthe1stEarlofLiverpool

# Name DefinitionRiC-E4Agent Apersonorgroup,oranentitycreatedbyapersonorgroup,thatis

responsibleforactionstakenandtheireffects.

ScopeNotes AnAgentisknownbyoneormoreidentities;anidentityisaconstellationofpropertiesorrelationsthattogether“identify”theAgent.Personsorgroupscommonlyhaveoneidentity,thoughtheyalsomayhaveoneormoreassumedorfictitiousidentities.Suchassumedidentitiesmaybesharedbymorethanonepersonorgroup.Assumedidentitiesincludebutarenotlimitedtopseudonyms,heteronyms,DBA(DoingBusinessAs),andtradeidentities.AnassumedidentityshouldnotbeconfusedwithPositionsincorporatebodies,forexample,presidents,primeministers,governors,popes,royalty,orbishops.Norshouldanassumedidentitybeconfusedwithavariantofthesameidentity.AgentalsoincludesentitiescreatedbyapersonorgroupthatactonbehalfofthecreatingAgentinanautonomousorsemi-autonomousmanner.ExamplesofsuchDelegate-Agentsaresoftwareagents,robots,andspaceandunderwaterprobesthatgeneratedata(records)infulfilmentofthefunctionassignedtoandtheinstructionsgiventothembythecreatingpersonorgroup.Typicallyarchivistswillwanttoattributeresponsibilityforactingtothepersonorpersons,orgrouporgroups‘behind’theassumedidentity,butdocumentationofassumedidentitiesandrelatingthemtothepersonsorgroupswhomtheyrepresentisimportantforseveralreasons:anassumed


identitymaybetheonlyoneknownbyauser,andthusdocumentationofanassumedidentityandrelatingittothepersonorgroupidentityrepresentedbyitfacilitatesaccess;anassumedidentitymaybeasignificantcomponentofthehistoryofthepersonorgroupitrepresents;anassumedidentitymaybethesubjectofrecords;and,anassumedidentitymayelidethegivenidentityofthepersonorgroupitrepresents,thuseffectivelyeclipsingorreplacingthegivenidentity.

Examples AustralianHearingServices;GilbertandGeorge;LibraryandArchivesCanada;NelsonMandela;Noelfamily,ViscountsCampden;TheWho;FacultyofScience,UniversityofStrathclyde;France,MinistèredelaCultureetdelaCommunication,directiongénéraledespatrimoines

# Name DefinitionRiC-E5Occupation Aprofession,trade,orcraftpursuedbyapersoninfulfilmentofaFunction.

ScopeNotes ThepursuitofanOccupationinvolvestheperformanceofanActivityin

fulfilmentofaFunction.SuccessfulperformanceoftheActivityisbasedontheabilitytoperformsuccessfully(acompetency).Thiscompetencymaybeacquiredthrougheducationorexperience,oracombinationofboth.TheauthorityofthepersontopursuetheOccupationmaybederivedtacitlyorexplicitlyfromanexternalAgent,basedonademonstratedmasteryofthecompetency.OccupationshouldnotbeconfusedwithPosition,forexample,alawyerthatholdsthePositionoflegalcounselinanagency.ThoughOccupationisrelatedtoadomainorfieldofActivity,itshouldnotbeconfusedwiththisdomain,forexample,anarchivistworksinthedomainofarchivalscience.AnOccupationmaybepursuedindependentlybyaperson,orpursuedwithinagroup,contributingtothefulfillmentoftheFunctionofthegroup.

Examples archivist;doctor;lawyer;recordsmanager;teacher

# Name DefinitionRiC-E6Position Arolethatmaybeassignedtoaperson(ortoseveralpersons

simultaneously)withinacorporatebody,andthatexistsindependentlyoftheperson(s)whomayholdit.

ScopeNotes APositionisoftendefinedinaMandate,whichmayspecifytheFunctionsandcompetenciesnecessarytofulfillit,aswellastheActivitiestobeperformed.APositionisoftengivenatitle/name.APositionmaybetiedtoaprojectortoasetoftasksandthushaveadefinedduration.APositionmaychangeovertime,asthecorporatebodythatestablishesitchangesovertime.


PositionisnottobeconfusedwithOccupation,whichisaprofession,trade,orcraftpursuedbyapersoninfulfilmentofaFunction;norwithFunction,whichistheAgent’sgoal;norwithActivity,whichisthesetsofactionsperformedbyanAgent.WithintheRecordscreatedbyacorporatebody,thePositionentitymaybeusedtoidentifytheRecordSetsresultingfromActivitiesperformedbypersonswhoholdaPositionovertime,withoutnecessarilyidentifyingordescribingthosepersons,oridentifyingwhichRecordswerecreatedbyeachofthem.

Examples head,presidentordirectorofacorporatebodyorunitofacorporatebody;executivemanager;technicaladvisor;assistantofadirector;gatekeeper;primeminister

# Name DefinitionRiC-E7Function Anenduringgoal,purpose,orobjectiveofanAgent.

ScopeNotes AFunctionexistsinaspecificsocialandculturalcontext,andwithinthat

contextissubjecttochangeovertime.ItshouldnotbeconfusedwithFunction(Abstract)whichdefinesaFunctionindependentofaparticularcontext.AFunctionmaybecomposedofotherFunctions.AFunctionmayberelatedtomorethanoneAgentsimultaneouslyorovertime.ThefulfilmentofaFunctionrequirestheperformanceofoneormoreActivities.BoththeFunctionandperformanceoftheActivitiesaregovernedbyoneormoreexplicitorimplicitMandates.

Examples teaching,UniversityofGlasgow;marketing,Army&NavyStoresLtd.;providinghearingservices,researchanddevelopment,andconductingeducationabouthearingservices,AustralianHearingServices

# Name DefinitionRiC-E8Function(Abstract) DesignationanddefinitionofaFunctionindependentoftheinstancesofthe

Functionthatisspecifictoaparticularsocialandculturalcontext.

ScopeNotes Function(Abstract)shouldnotbeconfusedwithFunction,whichdefinesthegoals,purposesorobjectivesofanAgentwithinitsspecificcontext.Function(Abstract)willbedefinedinbothglobalanddomain-specificvocabularies.

Examples financialbudgeting;fundraising;hearingservices;research;teaching;marketing;sales;humanresources

# Name DefinitionRiC-E9Activity AsetofcoordinatedactionsortransactionsperformedbyanAgentin

fulfilmentofaFunction,orinthepursuitofanOccupation.


ScopeNotes Activitiesexistinaspecificsocialandculturalcontext,andwithinthatcontextaresubjecttochangeovertime.ActivitiesmaybecomposedofotherActivities.AnActivitymaybeperformedinfulfilmentofoneormoreFunctionsorinthepursuitofoneormoreOccupations,bymorethanoneAgentatthesametimeorovertime.TheperformanceoftheActivitiesisgovernedbyoneormoreexplicitorimplicitMandates.

Examples financialaccounting,UniversityofGlasgow;fundraisingcampaignmanagement,UniversityofGlasgow

# Name DefinitionRiC-E10Mandate AuthorityorrulesthatgoverntheactionsofanAgentwithinaspecificsocial

andculturalcontext.

ScopeNotes AMandatespecifiesorauthorizestheFunctions(goals)ofanAgent(who);ortheActivitiestobeperformedbyanAgentinfulfillmentoftheFunction(means);orthepoliciesorproceduresthatgoverntheperformanceoftheActivity(how);andthePlace(jurisdiction)andDate(timeperiod)withinwhichanAgentmayperformtheActivities(whereandwhen).AMandateestablishestherulesthatgoverntheactionsandconfertheauthorityorcompetenciesofAgentstofulfilldesignatedFunctionsorperformdesignatedActivities.Mandatesexistinaspecificsocialandculturalcontext,andwithinthatcontextaresubjecttochangeovertime.WhileaMandatemaybetacit,inwholeorpart,itmaybeexplicitlyexpressedinavarietyofdocumentarysources(forexample,constitutions,legislation,(legal)acts,statutes,legalcodes,ordinances,charges,charters,missionstatements,regulations,policies,procedures,orstandards).ThesourceorsourcesofsomeMandatesareexternaltotheAgent(forexample,expressedinelections,socialmores,customs,communityexpectations,laws,regulations,standardsandbestpracticecodes),whileothersareexpressedwithintheAgent’simmediatecontext(forexample,policies,orwrittenorverbalinstructions).TheevidenceforidentifyingaMandatemaybefoundinitsentiretyinonedocumentarysource(forexample,alaworregulation),ormaybefoundintwoormoresources.AMandateshouldnotbeconfusedwiththeoneormoredocumentarysourcesthatserveasevidenceofitsidentity.

Examples authoritygrantedbyelectorstoapersontorepresenttheminParliament;authorityofaMayortograntbuildingauthorisations;rulesset


outinRecordsinContext:AConceptualModelforArchivalDescription,adocumentpublishedbytheInternationalCouncilonArchives(ICA)whichdefineshowanarchivistdescribesarchivalmaterial;themandateoftheAustralianHearingServices,assetoutbytheAustralianHearingServicesAct1991(s7),istoprovidehearingservices,carryoutresearchanddevelopmentinrelationtohearingservicesandacousticdevelopment,andconducteducationabouthearingservices,inadditiontoanyotherfunctionsconferredontheAuthority(s8).ThepowertoperformthesefunctionsisexercisedbytheAuthority(s9)abodycorporategovernedbyaBoardofDirectors(ss7,13,14,15and16),whichissubjecttothedirectionoftheMinisterforHumanServices(s12).TheManagingDirectormanagestheAuthority,undertheBoard(s42).(Adaptedfromsource:https://www.humanservices.gov.au/corporate/about-us/legislation)

# Name DefinitionRiC-E11DocumentaryForm TherulesusedinthecreationofaRecordthatprescribestheparticular

physicalorintellectualelementsthatmustbepresent.

ScopeNotes TheDocumentaryFormplaysanimportantroleindeterminingthetypeofinformationaRecordmaycomprise,itsstatusofperfection,anditsauthenticityandreliability.Documentaryformsexistinaspecificsocialandculturalcontext,andwithinthatcontextaresubjecttochangeovertime.

Examples deedofgift;email;letter;papalbull;charter;letterspatent;birthcertificate;will

# Name DefinitionRiC-E12Date Chronologicalinformationassociatedwithanentitythatcontributestoits

identificationandcontextualization.

ScopeNotes --

Examples 1925-1957;20thCentury;3HenryVIII;4March1842;9ThermidorAnII;c.1860s

# Name DefinitionRiC-E13Place Jurisdictionsandanygeographicoradministrativepointorarea.

ScopeNotes Includessettlementsofanykind(towns,villages,etc.),historicalregions,

andpoliticalandadministrativedistricts.

Examples AmazonRiver;NovaScotia;Paris;NorthLanarkshireDistrict;ManchesterDiocese;RugbyUrbanSanitaryDistrict

# Name DefinitionRiC-E14Concept/Thing

Anyideaornotion,materialthing,oreventoroccurrencethatcanbeassociatedwith,orinsomecasesbethesubjectof,otherentities.


ScopeNotes IncludesallRiCentitiesaswellasthefollowing:abstractconcepts;culturalmovements,namedperiodsandevents;namedthings,objectsandworks;legendary,mythicalorfictitiousfigures,charactersorbeings.

Examples airplanes;BattleoftheSomme;impressionism;Puck;renaissance;slavery;BeforeChristianEra(BCE);FrenchRevolution



3.PropertiesofEntities

3.1SharedPropertiesofallEntities

# Name DefinitionRiC-P1GlobalPersistentIdentifier Globallyuniqueandpersistentlyresolvableidentifierfortheentity.

Scope --

DataType URI

Examples http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6v1266v[exampleofanArchivalResourceKey

persistentidentifierforaRecord];http://isni.org/0000000073572182[exampleofapersistentInternationalStandardNameIdentifierforaperson]

# Name DefinitionRiC-P2LocalIdentifier Localidentifier(s)assignedtotheentity.

Scope ThiscoversallidentifiersotherthanGlobalPersistentIdentifiers.

DataType Text

Examples BUD-01-F002[exampleofaclassificationnumberfromacorporatefileplan];

NAS1/A/1.1[exampleoflocalidentifierforaRecord];F1204[exampleofalocalidentifierforaRecordSetassignedbyarepository]

# Name DefinitionRiC-P3Name Atitleortermdesignatingtheentity.

Scope

--

DataType Text,orControlledPhrase,orControlledTerm,orControlledFormat

Examples 4March1842;2016-08-24[DateformattedaccordingtoISO8601];deedofgift;doctor;fundraising,UniversityofGlasgow;hearingservices;NelsonMandela;PapersoftheEarlsofLiverpool;Paris;primeminister;SketchMapoftheQatarPeninsula

# Name DefinitionRiC-P4GeneralNote Descriptionoftheentitythatisnototherwiseaddressed.

Scope IncludesinformationontherelationoftheentitytoanyotherRiCentitythat

isnototherwiseprovided.

DataType Text

Examples --


3.2PropertiesofRecord3.2.1ContentInformation# Name DefinitionRiC-P5AuthenticityandIntegrityNote

DescriptionoffeaturesoftheRecordattestingtohowitisgenuine,reliable,trustworthy,wholeandcomplete.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples therecordmissingitslowerleftcorneroftextandbearsthesealoftheKing;therecordiselectronicallysignedandthesignatureisvalidatthemomentofdescription;thedatabase(.dbf)filehasthechecksumSHA-1:bb165836546e13c8d80e97aa44e8f4369608e9f8

# Name DefinitionRiC-P6ContentType ThefundamentalformofcommunicationinwhichaRecordisexpressedand

thehumansensethroughwhichitisintendedtobeperceived.

Scope --

DataType ControlledTerm

Examples cartographicimage;notatedmusic;spokenword;stillimage;text

# Name DefinitionRiC-P7ContentExtent CountablecharacteristicsofthecontentoftheRecord,expressedasa

quantity.

Scope Contentextentinformationisindependentofcarrierextentinformation;thenumber,sizeordurationofthecontentunit(s)wouldremainthesameevenifthenumberorsizeofthecarriersitwascontainedondiffered.

DataType Text

Examples duration:3minutesand24seconds;6maps;34poems

# Name DefinitionRiC-P8QualityofInformation ConditionsofaRecordthatimpactthelegibilityorcompletenessofits

information,andthustheviabilityofitsuse.

Scope SuchconditionsmaybeassociatedwithdeficienciesintheprocessesofRecordcreationorcapture,orthedeteriorationoftheRecord(e.g.itscarrier)causinglossofinformationovertime.

DataType Text

Examples somelossofinformationduetopoorqualityimagecapture;somelossoftextduetorodentdamage


# Name DefinitionRiC-P9ScopeandContent Summaryofthescope(suchas,timeperiods,geography)andcontent(such

assubjectmatter,administrativeprocesses)oftheRecord.

Scope MayincludedescriptionofrelationswithAgents,otherRecords,Functions,Activities,DatesandPlaces.MayalsoincludedescriptionofcomponentsoftheRecordwhenconsideredsignificantandnotconsideredseparately.

DataType Text

Examples IncludesadetailedlistofthelandsandvillagesgivenbytheKingtotheAbbey;amongthewitnesses,thedukeofNormandy;theauthorexplainswhyhedoesnotagreewiththedecisionmadeandaddsthatitcannotbeapplied

3.2.2InformationaboutRepresentation# Name DefinitionRiC-P10EncodingFormat Informationaboutthelogicalformofdigitallyrepresentedcontent.

Scope --

DataType ControlledTerm(Mimetypes:http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-

types/media-types.xhtml)

Examples text/csv;image/tiff;audio/mp4;application/pdf

# Name DefinitionRiC-P11LanguageInformation AspokenorwrittenhumanlanguagerepresentedintheRecords.

Scope Informationincludesthelanguage,thescriptofthelanguage,andthescript

transliterationschemewhenappropriate.MorethanonelanguagemayberepresentedinaRecord.

DataType ControlledCodeorTerm(ISO639Codesfortherepresentationofnamesoflanguages;ISO15924Codesfortherepresentationofnamesandscripts)

Examples Languages:Arabic(ara);Chinese(chi)English(eng);French(fre);Spanish(spa)Scripts:Arabic(Arab);Han(Hans);Latin(Latn)Transliterationscheme:ISO233-2:1993Informationanddocumentation-TranslationofArabiccharactersintoLatincharacters-Part2:Arabiclanguage-Simplifiedtransliteration;ISO843:1997Informationanddocumentation--ConversionofGreekcharactersintoLatincharacters

# Name DefinitionRiC-P12MediaType Thegeneraltypeofintermediationdevicerequiredtorenderthecontentofa

Record.

Scope --



Examples audio;computer;microform;unmediated;video

# Name DefinitionRiC-P13ProductionTechnique ThemethodusedintherepresentationofinformationontheRecordcarrier.

Scope --

DataType TextorControlledTerm

Examples manuscription(handwriting);engraving;magneticrecording;optical

recording

3.2.3InformationaboutCarrier# Name DefinitionRiC-P14Medium Physicalmaterialinoronwhichinformationisrepresented.

Scope Includesphysicalcarriersinoronwhichinformationisrepresentedthatdo

notrequireanintermediationdevice.


Examples claytablets;papyrus;magneticdisk;opticaldisk;paper;parchment;film;vinyldisk;magnetictape

# Name DefinitionRiC-P15PhysicalorLogicalExtent Numberofphysicalunitsand/orphysicaldimensionsofRecordcarriersor,in

thecaseofdigitalmediacarriers,thesizeofstoragespaceoccupied.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples 1page;5folios;17x34.5cm;1USBstick;3GB

# Name DefinitionRiC-P16PhysicalCharacteristicsNote

InformationaboutthephysicalcharacteristicsoftheRecord.

Scope Includesinformationaboutthephysicalnatureandconditionsuchasconservationstatus.

DataType Text

Examples Recordheavilyfoxed;emulsionflaking;watermarked;BritishLibrarybinding

3.2.4InformationaboutManagementandUse# Name DefinitionRiC-P17Classification InformationonthecriterionorcriteriathatmaybeusedtoidentifyaRecord


asamemberofaRecordSet.

Scope Thisinformationmaybeintheformoftext,oratermorcodemaintainedinaclassificationscheme.ThecriterionorcriteriamayberepresentedinaRiCpropertyorthrougharelation,forexample,toaDocumentaryFormoraFunction(Abstract).TheRecordssharingthispropertyorrelationincommonidentifythemasmembersofaparticularRecordSet.

DataType TextorControlledCodeorTerm

Examples BUD-01-F002[exampleofaclassificationnumberfromacorporatefileplan];humanresourcemanagement;studentregistration;financialaffairs;digitization

# Name DefinitionRiC-P18ConditionsofAccess ConditionsaffectingtheavailabilityofaRecordforconsultation.

Scope Suchconditionsmaybelaws,regulationsandpolicies,includingpoliciesand

requirementspertainingtoprivacy,securityconcernsorrestrictions;ortheymaypertaintothephysicalstateoftheRecord,forexample,conditionsthatrequirepreservationtreatment;ortheymayspecifyanysoftware/hardwarenecessarytoaccesstheRecord.

DataType Text

Examples Open;Closedunderdataprotectionlegislation;Closedasawaitingconservationtreatment;

# Name DefinitionRiC-P19ConditionsofUse ConditionsaffectingtheavailabilityoftheRecordforuseafteraccesshas

beenprovided.

Scope IncludesconditionsgoverningreproductionoftheRecordunderapplicablecopyright(intellectualproperty)orpropertylegislation.

DataType Text

Examples freelyusablewithoutrestrictions;thepermissionoftheowneroftheRecordmustbeobtainedbeforeuse

# Name DefinitionRiC-P20History AnaccountofthehistoryoftheRecord.Totheextentknown,thismaycover

theentirehistoryoftheRecordfromitsinceptiontothedateofthedescription.

Scope Thehistorymayincludeeventsassociatedwithcustody,actionstakenontheRecordaspartofitsmanagement(appraisal,description,classificationandreclassification,datastoragemigration,encodingtypeconversions,andsoon)thathavecontributedtoitsstateatthetimeofdescription.Whenknown,provideDatesofandAgentsassociatedwiththeevents.


DataType Text

Examples --

# Name DefinitionRiC-P21RecordState DescriptionoftheproductionorreproductionstatusoftheRecord.

Scope --

DataType TextorControlledTerm

Examples draft;finaldraft;original;simplecopy;certifiedcopy

3.3PropertiesofRecordComponentEditor’sNote:Inmanycases,describingatthecomponentlevelwillberareduetopracticalresourceconstraints,andparticularlywherethewholeRecordexistsandisdescribed.However,insomecases,descriptionsforseparatedRecordComponentsmayberequired.Inthissituation,allpropertiesidentifiedins.4.2forRecordapply.WhilethisdraftreleaseoftheRiCCMdoesnotincludedetailsforeachpropertyasitwouldapplytoaRecordComponent,afutureversionoftheRiCCMwouldincludethisinformation,aswellasexamplesofeachpropertyasappliedtoaRecordComponent.3.4PropertiesofRecordSet# Name DefinitionRiC-P22AuthenticityandIntegrityNote

DescriptionoffeaturesoftheRecordSetattestingtohowitisgenuine,reliable,trustworthy,wholeandcomplete.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --

# Property DefinitionRiC-P23Type AbroadcategorizationofthetypeofRecordSet.

Scope ForlegacypurposesthistypeistheequivalentoftheLevelofDescription

elementinISAD(G)(3.1.4)exceptforthevalue“item”,whichequatestotheRecordentityinRiC.RecordSetTypemaybeextendedtoreflecttypesofRecordSetsthatarenotarchival.


Examples fonds;series;file;class;piece;collection;accrual;accession;project


# Property DefinitionRiC-P24AccrualNote InformationonanticipatedaccessionstotheRecordSet.

Scope SuchaccessionsmaybesingleRecordsorRecordSets.

DataType Text

Examples Thereisanagreementwiththecreatorthatadditionalsnapshotsoftheire-

maildirectorywillbeaccessionedatyearlyintervals.

# Property DefinitionRiC-P25AccrualStatus WhetherornottheRecordSetisopenforadditionalaccessionsofRecordsor

RecordSets.

Scope ClosedindicatesthatnoadditionalRecordsorRecordSetswill(orareanticipatedto)beaddedtotheRecordSet.OpenindicatesthatadditionalRecordsorRecordSetswill(orareexpectedto)beaddedtotheRecordSet.


Examples closed;open;unknown

# Property DefinitionRiC-P26Arrangement CriteriaandprinciplesusedtoordertheRecordsorRecordsSetswithinthe

RecordSet.

Scope Encompassesonlyintellectualarrangementinformation.Physicalarrangementinformationisoutofscope.

DataType Text

Examples arrangedaccordingtothealphabeticalorderoftheplacesconcerned;arrangedchronologically

# Property DefinitionRiC-P27Classification Informationonthecriterionorcriteriausedinselectingthemembersofthe

RecordSet.

Scope Thisinformationmaybeintheformoftext,oratermorcodemaintainedinaclassificationscheme.ThecriterionorcriteriamayberepresentedinaRiCpropertyorrelationthatissharedbythemembersintheRecordSet.ThissharedpropertyorrelationmaybelongtoboththeRecordandRecordSet,andmayalsobeinheritedbydescendantmembersofaRecordSet.Itdependsonhowitisrepresentedinthedescription:ifitisadescriptionofthecriteriausedinformingorassemblingtheRecordSet,thenitisapropertyoftheRecordSet;ifitisatermorcodethatappliestoalldescendantRecords,thenitisamongthepropertiesthataresharedbythedescendantRecords.


DataType TextorControlledCodeorTerm

Examples BUD-01-F002[exampleofaclassificationnumberfromacorporatefileplan];humanresourcemanagement;studentregistration;financialaffairs;digitization

# Property DefinitionRiC-P28History

AnaccountofthehistoryoftheRecordSet.Totheextentknown,thismaycovertheentirehistoryoftheRecordSetfromitsinceptiontothedateofthedescription.

Scope Totheextentknown,thehistorymaycovertheentirehistoryoftheRecordSetfromitsinceptiontothedateofthedescription.SignificantEventsincludebutarenotlimitedtocreationorformationoftheRecordSet,transfersofcustodyorownership,changesincustodialresponsibility,changesinthearrangement,additions(accruals)orremovingorseparationofmemberRecordsorRecordSets,andusesoftheRecordSet.DescriptionoftheeventsshouldincludeAgent(s),theDate(s)oftheevent(s),andthePlace(s)wheretheevent(s)occurred.RecordSetsarenotstatic,themembershipisdynamic,thatismemberRecordsmaycomeandgo.SignificantchangesinclassificationwouldconstitutetheformulationofnewRecordSets.

DataType Text

Examples ThemanuscriptsarepartofthecollectionsofRobertHarley(d1724)andEdwardHarley(d1741),1stand2ndEarlsofOxford,thatwerebroughtbyParliamentandtransferredtotheBritishMuseumin1753.ThosematerialswerethenseparatedintothiscollectionandthoseforHarleyChartersandHarleyRollsandbecamepartofthecollectionsoftheBritishLibraryin1972.

3.5PropertiesSummarizingtheMembersofaRecordSet# Property DefinitionRiC-P29ContentExtent CountablecharacteristicsofthecontentoftheRecordSet,expressedasa

quantity.

Scope Contentextentinformationisindependentofcarrierextentinformation;thenumber,sizeordurationofthecontentunit(s)wouldremainthesameevenifthenumberorsizeofthecarriersitwascontainedondiffered.

DataType Text

Examples duration:3minutesand24seconds;6photographs;2films;6maps

# Property DefinitionRiC-P30PhysicalorLogicalExtent

Numberofphysicalunitsand/orphysicaldimensionsofRecordSetcarriersor,inthecaseofdigitalmediacarriers,thesizeofstoragespaceoccupied.


Scope --

DataType Text

Examples 40pages;5folios;25m2;1USBstick;35GB

# Property DefinitionRiC-P31ScopeandContent Summaryofthescope(suchas,timeperiods,geography)andcontent(such

ascontenttype,documentaryforms,subjectmatter,administrativeprocesses)ofthememberRecordsorRecordSets.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --

3.6PropertiesSharedbyAllMemberRecordsofaRecordSetEditor’snote:Thefollowingproperties,whichhavethesamedefinitionsasthosegivenforRecord,maybeusedwhentheyaresharedbyallmemberRecordsofaRecordSet:

• RiC-P6ContentType• RiC-P10EncodingFormat• RiC-P11LanguageInformation• RiC-P12MediaType• RiC-P13ProductionTechnique• RiC-P14Medium• RiC-P17ConditionsofAccess• RiC-P18ConditionsofUse• RiC-P20RecordState

MembersofaRecordSetmustshareatleastonecommonproperty(thebasisforformingtheset);theymayallsharemorethanonecommonproperty.

3.7PropertiesSharedbyAllAgents# Property DefinitionRiC-P32Type SpecifickindofAgent.

Scope Thetopleveltypesdefinegroups(includingfamilies,corporatebodiesand

conferences),personsanddelegate-agentscreatedbyapersonorgroupthatactonbehalfofthecreatingAgentinanautonomousorsemi-autonomousmanner.Ifthetypeisunknownthatthisshouldbestated.Eachtypemaybeextendedtocovermorespecificcategorization,forexample,todistinguishbetweenpublicandprivatecorporatebodies,ortospecifythelegalstatusoftheAgentaccordingtosomeinternationalorlocalscheme.


NotallpropertiesunderAgentapplytoalltypes.


Examples group;corporatebody;conference;family;person;delegate-agent;unknown

# Property DefinitionRiC-P33IdentityType ThespecifickindofidentityofanAgent.

Scope Agivenidentityistheidentitythatiscommonlyconsideredtheidentityof

the‘real’Agent.Anassumedidentityisanidentityinventedbyoneormore‘real’Agents,withthe‘real’AgentorAgentsactingundertheguiseoftheassumedidentity.


Examples given;individualassumed;jointassumed;unknown

# Property DefinitionRiC-P34LanguageInformation AspokenorwrittenhumanlanguageusedbytheAgent.

Scope Informationincludesthelanguage,thescriptofthelanguage,andthescript

transliterationschemewhenappropriate.AnAgentmayuseoneormorelanguage.

DataType ControlledCodeorTerm(ISO639Codesfortherepresentationofnamesoflanguages;ISO15924Codesfortherepresentationofnamesandscripts)

Examples Languages:Arabic(ara);Chinese(chi)English(eng);French(fre);Spanish(spa)Scripts:Arabic(Arab);Han(Hans);Latin(Latn)Transliterationscheme:ISO233-2:1993Informationanddocumentation-TranslationofArabiccharactersintoLatincharacters-Part2:Arabiclanguage-Simplifiedtransliteration;ISO843:1997Informationanddocumentation--ConversionofGreekcharactersintoLatincharacters

# Property DefinitionRiC-P35History ConcisehistoryoftheAgent.

Scope Historymayincorporatethegeneralsocial,cultural,oreconomiccontextin

whichtheAgentlivedorexistedwhensuchcontextaidsinunderstandingtheAgent’sFunctions,Occupations,PositionsorActivities.

DataType Text

Examples --


3.8AdditionalPropertySpecifictoPersonandPersonAssumedIdentity# Property DefinitionRiC-P36Gender Thegenderwithwhichaperson(orpersonassumedidentity)identifies.

Scope --


Examples male;female;unknown

3.9AdditionalPropertySpecifictoDelegate-Agent# Property DefinitionRiC-P37TechnicalCharacteristics Descriptionofthetechnicalcharacteristicsofthedelegate-Agent.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --

3.10AdditionalPropertiesSpecifictoCorporateBodyandCorporateBodyAssumedIdentity# Property DefinitionRiC-P38ServicestothePublic Descriptionofpublicservicespolicies,inparticularwithrespectto

qualificationstousetheservices,andrights,privileges,andresponsibilitiesofusersoftheservices.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --

# Property DefinitionRiC-P39ContactInformation Contactinformationtorequestinformationaboutavailablepublicservices,

servicepolicies,andsoon.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples 29cheminduMoulinDetesta13090Aix-en-Provence(France)Siteweb:http://www.archivesnationales.culture.gouv.fr/caom/fr/index.htmlFrance.DirectiondesArchivesdeFranceNote:FortheinstitutionArchivesnationalesd’outre-mer


Téléphone:+33(0)442933850Télécopie:+33(0)442933899Adresseélectronique:[email protected]:FortheinstitutionArchivesnationalesd’outre-merCoordenaçãoRegionalnoDistritoFederal,emBrasília(COREG):SIG–Q6Lote800–AnexoaoprédiodaImprensaNacional70610-460–Brasília–DFBrasilwww.arquivonacional.gov.brBrazil.ArquivoNacionalNote:FortheinstitutionArquivoNacional

# Property DefinitionRiC-P40OperatingHours DaysandhoursofdayduringwhichpublicservicesofanAgentareavailable.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples Open:Mon-Fri9.15-4.45;Sat9.15-12.30,1.30-4.30.LateopeningThursto

7.30pmClosed:OneweekearlyDecemberUnitedKingdom,TheNationalArchivesNote:FortheinstitutionWestSussexRecordOfficeAperturaalpúblico:LunesaViernesde8.00am-15.00pmHorasdeAperturaSemanales:35Cerradoalpúblico:SábadosyDomingos.Festivos:1y6deenero,28defebrero,JuevesyViernesSanto,1mayo,30demayo,CorpusChristi,15deagosto,1denoviembre,6,8,24,25y31dediciembre.Spain.SubdirecciónGeneraldelosArchivosEstatalesNote:FortheinstitutionArchivoGeneraldeIndias

# Property DefinitionRiC-P41Facilities DescriptionofphysicalfacilitieswhereanAgentprovidespublicservices.

Scope Includesissuesofphysicalaccessibility,suchaswheelchairaccess,andother

provisionsforuserswithphysicaldisabilities.

DataType Text

Examples --

3.11PropertiesofOccupation# Property DefinitionRiC-P42Type CategorizationoftheOccupation.

Scope --



Examples healthprofessionals;legalprofessionals;serviceandsalesworkers

# Property DefinitionRiC-P43Description DescriptionoftheOccupationincludingtheFunctionsfulfilledandthe

Activitiesinvolved.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --

# Property DefinitionRiC-P44History ConcisehistoryoftheOccupationanditschangesovertime,including

changesconcerningtherulesgoverningitandthepersonswhopursuedit.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --

3.12PropertiesofPosition# Property DefinitionRiC-P45Type CategorizationofthePositionusingeitheralistoftypesestablishedexternal

toorwithintheinstitution.

Scope --


Examples academic;administrativeandprofessional;operational;technical

# Property DefinitionRiC-P46Description DescriptionofthePositionasdefinedbyandwithinthecontrollingcorporate

body.

Scope TheremitofthePosition.

DataType Text

Examples --

# Property DefinitionRiC-P47History HistoryofthePosition,ofitscreationanddefinition,andofitschangesover

time,includingchangesconcerningthecompetenciesrequired,theauthorityandFunctionsassigned,andthepersonsholdingthePosition.


Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --

3.13PropertiesofFunction# Property DefinitionRiC-P48Type CategorizationoftheFunction.

Scope --


Examples function;sub-function

# Property DefinitionRiC-P49Description Descriptionofthenature,scopeandmeaningoftheFunction.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples Thefunctionofundertakingacademicresearchcoverstheconductofall

academicresearch,whetheritisfundedbytheuniversityitself,byexternalorganizations,orbyboth.Italsocoversresearchundertakenincollaborationwithotherinstitutions[exampleforresearch,UniversityofStrathclyde].

# Property DefinitionRiC-P50History Historyoforiginanddevelopmentofthegoals,purposes,orobjectives

definedinaFunction.

Scope InformationmayincludedescriptionoftheroleorrolesplayedbyAgentsinauthorizingorfulfillingtheFunctionandhowtheychangedovertime,andtheActivitiesperformedinfulfillmentoftheFunction.

DataType Text

Examples --

3.14PropertyofFunction(Abstract)# Property DefinitionRiC-P51Description DefinitionoftheFunction(Abstract).

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples Thesystematicinvestigationintoandstudyofmaterialsandsourcesinorder


toestablishfactsandresearchnewconclusions[examplefor‘research’].

3.15PropertiesofActivity# Property DefinitionRiC-P52Type CategorizationoftheActivity.

Scope --


Examples activity;businessprocess;action;task;transaction

# Property DefinitionRiC-P53Description Descriptionofcoordinatedactionsortransactionsperformedinfulfillmentof

aFunction,orpursuitofanOccupation.

Scope IncludesdescriptionofconstituentActivities.Informationmayincludedescriptionofprocesses,plans,procedures,methods,andtoolsthatcontributetoanunderstandingofanActivity.

DataType Text

Examples Tasksinvolvedindevelopingandestablishingtheuniversity’sresearchstrategyinclude:identifyingrequirementsforaneworrevisedstrategy;undertakingresearch;developingstrategyproposals;consultingonstrategyproposals;reviewingandrevisingstrategyproposalsinlightofcommentsreceived;draftingstrategydocuments;consultingonstrategydocuments;reviewingdraftstrategydocumentsinlightofcommentsreceived;producingfinalstrategydocuments;submittingfinalstrategydocumentsforformalendorsement;formallyendorsingstrategydocuments;disseminatingstrategydocuments;reviewingstrategies[exampleforresearchstrategydevelopment,UniversityofStrathclyde].

# Property DefinitionRiC-P54History HistoryoforiginanddevelopmentoftheActivity.

Scope InformationmayincludedescriptionofthePositionsheldbyAgentsin

authorizingorperformingtheActivityandhowtheychangedovertime;changesinhowtheActivitywasperformed;andchangesinActivities’constituentActivities.

DataType Text

Examples --

3.16PropertiesofMandate# Property DefinitionRiC-P55Type CategorizationoftheMandate.


Scope --


Examples decree;legislation;rule;standard;letterofappointment

# Property DefinitionRiC-P56Description Informationdescribingtheauthority,Functions,Activities,policies,or

proceduresthatcomprisetheMandate;thejurisdictionallimitsandthetemporalperiodwithinwhichtheMandateiseffectiveorvalid;andtheAgentorAgentsthataregovernedbytheMandate.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --

# Property DefinitionRiC-P57History InformationdescribingtheoriginanddevelopmentoftheMandate.

Scope SuchinformationincludesdescriptionoftheAgentorAgentsthat

participatedinthecreationordevelopmentoftherulesthatcomprisetheMandate;revisionofthejurisdictionallimitsortemporalperiodwithinwhichtheMandateiseffectiveorvalid;andchangesintheAgentorAgentsthatarecontrolledorguidedbytheMandate.

DataType Text

Examples --

3.17PropertiesofDocumentaryForm# Property DefinitionRiC-P58Type CategorizationoftheDocumentaryForm.

Scope --


Examples longplayingrecord(LP);charter;register

# Property DefinitionRiC-P59Description DescriptionoftheDocumentaryFormincludingitsmainextrinsicand

intrinsiccharacteristics.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --


# Property DefinitionRiC-P60History HistoryoftheDocumentaryFormincludingthecontextinwhichitfirst

appearedoritsusagedeveloped,inwhichitwasused,itschangesovertime,andtheAgentswhousedit.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --

3.18PropertiesofDate# Property DefinitionRiC-P61Type CategorizationoftheDate.

Scope --


Examples single;range

# Property DefinitionRiC-P62Calendar CalendarwithwhichtheliteralexpressionoftheDate(Dateasexpressedand

understoodbyhumanAgents)isexpressed.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples Gregorian;FrenchRevolutioncalendar

3.19PropertiesofPlace# Property DefinitionRiC-P63Type AnindicationofthecategoryofPlace,especiallytodistinguishnaturaland

humannotions.

Scope --

DataType ControlledTermorPhrase

Examples settlement;administrativedivision;country;mountain;river

# Property DefinitionRiC-P64GeographicCoordinates LongitudinalandlatitudinalinformationofthePlace.

Scope --

DataType ControlledCodeorTerm(ISO6709Standardrepresentationofgeographic


pointlocationbycoordinates)

Examples --

# Property DefinitionRiC-P65Address PhysicallocationofthePlace.

Scope Includesanylocationinformationexclusiveofgeographiccoordinates.

DataType Text

Examples 59rueGuynemer,F-93383Pierrefitte-sur-SeineCedex

3.20PropertiesofConcept/Thing# Property DefinitionRiC-P66Type CategorizationoftheConcept/Thing.

Scope --


Examples --

# Property DefinitionRiC-P67Description DescriptionoftheConcept/Thing.

Scope --

DataType Text

Examples --


4.Relations

4.1ListofRelationsbyDomainEntityEditor’sNotes:1.Thefollowingareknownlimitationstothepresentationoftherelationsinthisconsultationdraft,toberesolvedinfutureversionsofthisdocument.

a. Therelationsinthecurrentdraftareintendedtobesuggestiveandnotcompleteornormative.b. Eachrelationidentifiedislackingadefinitionandexamples.Asaresult,theremaybesomeambiguity

regardingthemeaningandintendeduse.c. SequentialorderingofRecordsorRecordSets,accordingtochronologyorsomeothercriteria,hasnot

yetbeenfullyaccommodated. 2.Thisdraftpresentstherelationsaccordingtodomainentity.FutureversionsofRiC-CMmayofferadifferentpresentationoftherelations. 3.AllentitiesinRiCareassociatedwithallotherentities.Forexample:‘RecordisassociatedwithRecordSet’.Further,the‘isassociatedwith’relationisthemostgeneralorabstracttypeofrelation,whileallotherrelationstatementsaremorespecificphrasingsorrepresentations.Forexample,‘hascopy’isaspecifictypeofassociationrelationbetweentwoRecords.4.Severalentitiessharea‘hassubject’/’issubjectof’relation.Thisistosaythatoneentitycomprisesthetopic,theme,orcontentmatteroftheotherentity.Forexample,‘RecordhassubjectAgent’indicatesthattheinformationalcontentoftheRecordis‘about’(depicts,describes,orconcerns)theAgent.Severalotherrelations(suchas‘ismemberof’,‘ispartof’,‘ispredecessorof’,‘isevidenceof’,‘resultedfrom’,‘isheldby’,‘wascreatedby’,and‘hadcreationdate’)andtheirinverserelationsmaybeconsideredsharedbytwoormoreentities.Forexample,thechronologicalrelation‘ispredecessorof’canbeusedforRecord,RecordComponent,RecordSet,Agent,Occupation,Position,Function,Activity,andMandate.Fornow,eachoccurrenceoftheserelationsisdistinct;however,thestatusoftheserelationswillbeclarifiedinafutureversionofRiC-CMandinRiC-Ontology,andsomewilllikelybemergedintooneuniquerelation. 5.Almostallrelationsareexpressedinpresenttense,whichpermitsdescribingeitherpermanenttraitsorcurrentsituations.However,describingarchivalcontextoftenrequiresquotingpastsituationsandnon-permanenttraits.Forexample,'J.F.KennedyoccupiespositionpresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica'isnotcurrentlytrue;sothisrelationshouldbestatedusingthepasttense:'J.F.KennedyoccupiedpositionpresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica'.Also,‘RecordisheldbyAgent’referstoaRecordinthecurrentcustodyofanarchives,while‘RecordwasheldbyAgent’meansthattheRecordwasheld,onlyatacertaintime,inthecustodyofanAgent.Therefore,thelistsbelowprovide,forsomerelationtypes,botharelationusingthepresenttenseandarelationusingthepasttense.TheP68Datepropertycanalsobeusedtoclarifywhenarelationwasactive.


4.1.1RecordRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain

RelationName RelationRange

InverseRelationNameandNumber

Comments

RiC-R1 Record hascopy Record iscopyof(RiC-R6)

RiC-R2 Record hasdraft Record isdraftof(RiC-R7)

RiC-R3 Record hasoriginal Record isoriginalof(RiC-R8)

RiC-R4 Record hassubject Record issubjectof(RiC-R10)

RiC-R5 Record isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R5) SeealsoRiC-R12

RiC-R6 Record iscopyof Record hascopy(RiC-R1)

RiC-R7 Record isdraftof Record hasdraft(RiC-R2)

RiC-R8 Record isoriginalof Record hasoriginal(RiC-R3)

RiC-R9 Record ispredecessorof Record issuccessorof(RiC-R11)

RiC-R10 Record issubjectof Record hassubject(RiC-R4)

RiC-R11 Record issuccessorof Record ispredecessorof(RiC-R9)

RiC-R12 Record wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R12)

SeealsoRiC-R5

RiC-R13 Record hadpart RecordComponent

waspartof(RiC-R77) SeealsoRiC-R14

RiC-R14 Record haspart RecordComponent

ispartof(RiC-R75) SeealsoRiC-R13

RiC-R15 Record isassociatedwith RecordComponent

isassociatedwith(RiC-R74) SeealsoRiC-R16

RiC-R16 Record wasassociatedwith RecordComponent

wasassociatedwith(RiC-R76)

SeealsoRiC-R15

RiC-R17 Record isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R136) SeealsoRiC-R19

RiC-R18 Record ismemberof RecordSet hasmember(RiC-R135) SeealsoRiC-R20

RiC-R19 Record wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R137)

SeealsoRiC-R17


RelationNumber

RelationDomain



Comments

RiC-R20 Record wasmemberof RecordSet hadmember(RiC-R134) SeealsoRiC-R18

RiC-R21 Record hadrightsheldby Agent wasrightsholderof(RiC-R217)

SeealsoRiC-R22

RiC-R22 Record hasrightsheldby Agent isrightsholderof(RiC-R209) SeealsoRiC-R21

RiC-R23 Record hassubject Agent issubjectof(RiC-R210)

RiC-R24 Record isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R207) SeealsoRiC-R28

RiC-R25 Record isheldby Agent isholderof(RiC-R208) SeealsoRiC-R32

RiC-R26 Record isownedby Agent owns(RiC-R212) SeealsoRiC-R33

RiC-R27 Record wasaddressedto Agent wasaddresseeof(RiC-R214)

RiC-R28 Record wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R215)

SeealsoRiC-R24

RiC-R29 Record wasauthoredby Agent authored(RiC-R204)

RiC-R30 Record wascollectedby Agent collected(RiC-R205)

RiC-R31 Record wascreatedby Agent created(RiC-R206)

RiC-R32 Record washeldby Agent washolderof(RiC-R216) SeealsoRiC-R25

RiC-R33 Record wasownedby Agent owned(RiC-R211) SeealsoRiC-R26

RiC-R34 Record wassentby Agent sent(RiC-R213)

RiC-R35 Record waswrittenby Agent wrote(RiC-R218)

RiC-R36 Record hassubject Occupation issubjectof(RiC-R336)

RiC-R37 Record isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R335) SeealsoRiC-R39

RiC-R38 Record resultedfrom Occupation resultedin(RiC-R337)

RiC-R39 Record wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R338)

SeealsoRiC-R37

RiC-R40 Record hassubject Position issubjectof(RiC-R376)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain



Comments

RiC-R41 Record isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R375) SeealsoRiC-R43

RiC-R42 Record resultedfrom Position resultedin(RiC-R377)

RiC-R43 Record wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R378)

SeealsoRiC-R41

RiC-R44 Record hassubject Function issubjectof(RiC-R426)

RiC-R45 Record isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R424) SeealsoRiC-R47

RiC-R46 Record isevidenceof Function isevidencedby(RiC-R425)

RiC-R47 Record wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R427)

SeealsoRiC-R45

RiC-R48 Record hassubject Function(Abstract)

issubjectof(RiC-R478)

RiC-R49 Record isassociatedwith Function(Abstract)


RiC-R50 Record wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract)


SeealsoRiC-R49

RiC-R51 Record hassubject Activity issubjectof(RiC-R510)

RiC-R52 Record isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R509) SeealsoRiC-R54

RiC-R53 Record resultedfrom Activity resultedin(RiC-R511)

RiC-R54 Record wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R512)

SeealsoRiC-R52

RiC-R55 Record hassubject Mandate issubjectof(RiC-R563)

RiC-R56 Record isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R561) SeealsoRiC-R58

RiC-R57 Record isevidenceof Mandate isevidencedby(RiC-R562)

RiC-R58 Record wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R564)

SeealsoRiC-R56

RiC-R59 Record hasdocumentaryform DocumentaryForm

isdocumentaryformof(RiC-R615)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain



Comments

RiC-R60 Record isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm


RiC-R61 Record wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm


SeealsoRiC-R60

RiC-R62 Record hadcreationdate Date wascreationdateof(RiC-R646)

RiC-R63 Record isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R644) SeealsoRiC-R64

RiC-R64 Record wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R645)

SeealsoRiC-R63

RiC-R65 Record hadholdinglocation Place washoldinglocationof(RiC-R712)

SeealsoRiC-R66

RiC-R66 Record hasholdinglocation Place isholdinglocationof(RiC-R708)

SeealsoRiC-R65

RiC-R67 Record hassubject Place issubjectof(RiC-R709)

RiC-R68 Record isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R707) SeealsoRiC-R69

RiC-R69 Record wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R710)

SeealsoRiC-R68

RiC-R70 Record wascreatedat Place wascreationlocationof(RiC-R711)

RiC-R71 Record hassubject Concept/Thing issubjectof(RiC-R763)

RiC-R72 Record isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R762) SeealsoRiC-R73

RiC-R73 Record wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R764)

SeealsoRiC-R72


4.1.2.RecordComponentRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain RelationName RelationRange InverseRelationNameandNumber

Comments

RiC-R74 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R15)

SeealsoRiC-R76

RiC-R75 RecordComponent ispartof Record haspart(RiC-R14) SeealsoRiC-R77

RiC-R76 RecordComponent wasassociatedwith

Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R16)

SeealsoRiC-R74

RiC-R77 RecordComponent waspartof Record hadpart(RiC-R13) SeealsoRiC-R75

RiC-R78 RecordComponent isassociatedwith RecordComponent

isassociatedwith(RiC-R78)

SeealsoRiC-R81

RiC-R79 RecordComponent ispredecessorof RecordComponent

issuccessorof(RiC-R80)

RiC-R80 RecordComponent issuccessorof RecordComponent

ispredecessorof(RiC-R79)


RecordComponent


SeealsoRiC-R78

RiC-R82 RecordComponent isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R138)

SeealsoRiC-R83


RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R139)

SeealsoRiC-R82

RiC-R84 RecordComponent hadrightsheldby Agent wasrightsholderof(RiC-R230)

SeealsoRiC-R85

RiC-R85 RecordComponent hasrightsheldby Agent isrightsholderof(RiC-R224)

SeealsoRiC-R84

RiC-R86 RecordComponent hassubject Agent issubjectof(RiC-R225)

RiC-R87 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R222)

SeealsoRiC-R90

RiC-R88 RecordComponent isheldby Agent isholderof(RiC-R223)

SeealsoRiC-R94


RelationNumber


Comments

RiC-R89 RecordComponent isownerof Agent owns(RiC-R227) SeealsoRiC-R95


Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R228)

SeealsoRiC-R87

RiC-R91 RecordComponent wasauthoredby Agent authored(RiC-R219)

RiC-R92 RecordComponent wascollectedby Agent collected(RiC-R220)

RiC-R93 RecordComponent wascreatedby Agent created(RiC-R221)

RiC-R94 RecordComponent washeldby Agent washolderof(RiC-R229)

SeealsoRiC-R88

RiC-R95 RecordComponent wasownerof Agent owned(RiC-R226) SeealsoRiC-R89

RiC-R96 RecordComponent waswrittenby Agent wrote(RiC-R231)

RiC-R97 RecordComponent hassubject Occupation issubjectof(RiC-R340)

RiC-R98 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R339)

SeealsoRiC-R100

RiC-R99 RecordComponent resultedfrom Occupation resultedin(RiC-R341)


Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R342)

SeealsoRiC-R98

RiC-R101 RecordComponent hassubject Position issubjectof(RiC-R380)

RiC-R102 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R379)

SeealsoRiC-R104

RiC-R103 RecordComponent resultedfrom Position resultedin(RiC-R381)


Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R382)

SeealsoRiC-R102

RiC-R105 RecordComponent hassubject Function issubjectof(RiC-R430)


RelationNumber


Comments

RiC-R106 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R428)

SeealsoRiC-R108

RiC-R107 RecordComponent isevidenceof Function isevidencedby(RiC-R429)


Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R431)

SeealsoRiC-R106

RiC-R109 RecordComponent hassubject Function(Abstract)

issubjectof(RiC-R481)

RiC-R110 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Function(Abstract)


SeealsoRiC-R111


Function(Abstract)


SeealsoRiC-R110

RiC-R112 RecordComponent hassubject Activity issubjectof(RiC-R514)

RiC-R113 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R513)

SeealsoRiC-R115

RiC-R114 RecordComponent resultedfrom Activity resultedin(RiC-R515)


Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R516)

SeealsoRiC-R113

RiC-R116 RecordComponent hassubject Mandate issubjectof(RiC-R566)

RiC-R117 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R565)

SeealsoRiC-R118


Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R567)

SeealsoRiC-R117

RiC-R119 RecordComponent hasdocumentaryform

DocumentaryForm

isdocumentaryformof(RiC-R618)

RiC-R120 RecordComponent isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm


SeealsoRiC-R121


RelationNumber


Comments


DocumentaryForm


SeealsoRiC-R120

RiC-R122 RecordComponent hadcreationdate Date wascreationdateof(RiC-R649)

RiC-R123 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R647)

SeealsoRiC-R124


Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R648)

SeealsoRiC-R123

RiC-R125 RecordComponent hadholdinglocation

Place washoldinglocationof(RiC-R718)

SeealsoRiC-R126

RiC-R126 RecordComponent hasholdinglocation

Place isholdinglocationof(RiC-R714)

SeealsoRiC-R125

RiC-R127 RecordComponent hassubject Place issubjectof(RiC-R715)

RiC-R128 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R713)

SeealsoRiC-R129


Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R716)

SeealsoRiC-R128

RiC-R130 RecordComponent wascreatedat Place wascreationlocationof(RiC-R717)

RiC-R131 RecordComponent hassubject Concept/Thing issubjectof(RiC-R766)

RiC-R132 RecordComponent isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R765)

SeealsoRiC-R133


Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R767)

SeealsoRiC-R132


4.1.3.RecordSetRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain

RelationName RelationRange InverseRelationNameandNumber

Comments

RiC-R134 RecordSet hadmember Record wasmemberof(RiC-R20)

SeealsoRiC-R135

RiC-R135 RecordSet hasmember Record ismemberof(RiC-R18) SeealsoRiC-R134

RiC-R136 RecordSet isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R17)

SeealsoRiC-R137

RiC-R137 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R19)

SeealsoRiC-R136

RiC-R138 RecordSet isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R82)

SeealsoRiC-R139

RiC-R139 RecordSet wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R83)

SeealsoRiC-R138

RiC-R140 RecordSet hadmember RecordSet wasmemberof(RiC-R147)

SeealsoRiC-R141

RiC-R141 RecordSet hasmember RecordSet ismemberof(RiC-R143)

SeealsoRiC-R140

RiC-R142 RecordSet isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R142)

SeealsoRiC-R146

RiC-R143 RecordSet ismemberof RecordSet hasmember(RiC-R141) SeealsoRiC-R147

RiC-R144 RecordSet ispredecessorof RecordSet issuccessorof(RiC-R145)

RiC-R145 RecordSet issuccessorof RecordSet ispredecessorof(RiC-R144)

RiC-R146 RecordSet wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R146)

SeealsoRiC-R142

RiC-R147 RecordSet wasmemberof RecordSet hadmember(RiC-R140)

SeealsoRiC-R143

RiC-R148

RecordSet hadrightsheldby Agent wasrightsholderof(RiC-R249)

SeealsoRiC-R149


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R149 RecordSet hasrightsheldby Agent isrightsholderof(RiC-R239)

SeealsoRiC-R148

RiC-R150 RecordSet hassubject Agent issubjectof(RiC-R240)

RiC-R151 RecordSet isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R237)

SeealsoRiC-R159

RiC-R152 RecordSet isheldby Agent isholderof(RiC-R238) SeealsoRiC-R162

RiC-R153 RecordSet ismanagedby Agent manages(RiC-R242) SeealsoRiC-R163

RiC-R154 RecordSet isownedby Agent owns(RiC-R244) SeealsoRiC-R164

RiC-R155 RecordSet wasaccumulatedby Agent accumulated(RiC-R232)

RiC-R156 RecordSet wasaddressedto Agent wasaddresseeof(RiC-R246)

RiC-R157 RecordSet wasarrangedby Agent arranged(RiC-R233)

RiC-R158 RecordSet wasassembledby Agent assembled(RiC-R234)

RiC-R159 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R247)

SeealsoRiC-R151

RiC-R160 RecordSet wascollectedby Agent collected(RiC-R235)

RiC-R161 RecordSet wascreatedby Agent created(RiC-R236)

RiC-R162 RecordSet washeldby Agent washolderof(RiC-R248)

SeealsoRiC-R152

RiC-R163 RecordSet wasmanagedby Agent managed(RiC-R241) SeealsoRiC-R153

RiC-R164 RecordSet wasownedby Agent owned(RiC-R243) SeealsoRiC-R154

RiC-R165 RecordSet wassentby Agent sent(RiC-R245)

RiC-R166 RecordSet hassubject Occupation issubjectof(RiC-R344)

RiC-R167 RecordSet isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R343)

SeealsoRiC-R169


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R168 RecordSet resultedfrom Occupation resultedin(RiC-R345)

RiC-R169 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R346)

SeealsoRiC-R167

RiC-R170 RecordSet hassubject Position issubjectof(RiC-R384)

RiC-R171 RecordSet isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R383)

SeealsoRiC-R173

RiC-R172 RecordSet resultedfrom Position resultedin(RiC-R385)

RiC-R173 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R386)

SeealsoRiC-R171

RiC-R174 RecordSet hassubject Function issubjectof(RiC-R434)

RiC-R175 RecordSet isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R432)

SeealsoRiC-R177

RiC-R176 RecordSet isevidenceof Function isevidencedby(RiC-R433)

RiC-R177 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R435)

SeealsoRiC-R175

RiC-R178 RecordSet hassubject Function(Abstract) issubjectof(RiC-R484)

RiC-R179 RecordSet isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R483)

SeealsoRiC-R180

RiC-R180 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R485)

SeealsoRiC-R179

RiC-R181 RecordSet hassubject Activity issubjectof(RiC-R518)

RiC-R182 RecordSet isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R517)

SeealsoRiC-R184

RiC-R183 RecordSet resultedfrom Activity resultedin(RiC-R519)

RiC-R184 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R520)

SeealsoRiC-R182


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R185 RecordSet hassubject Mandate issubjectof(RiC-R570)

RiC-R186 RecordSet isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R568)

SeealsoRiC-R188

RiC-R187 RecordSet isevidenceof Mandate isevidencedby(RiC-R569)

RiC-R188 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R571)

SeealsoRiC-R186

RiC-R189 RecordSet isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R620)

SeealsoRiC-R190

RiC-R190 RecordSet wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R621)

SeealsoRiC-R189

RiC-R191 RecordSet hadcreationdate Date wascreationdateof(RiC-R653)

RiC-R192 RecordSet hascoveragedate Date iscoveragedateof(RiC-R651)

RiC-R193 RecordSet isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R650)

SeealsoRiC-R194

RiC-R194 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R652)

SeealsoRiC-R193

RiC-R195 RecordSet hadholdinglocation Place washoldingplaceof(RiC-R724)

SeealsoRiC-R196

RiC-R196 RecordSet hasholdinglocation Place isholdingplaceof(RiC-R720)

SeealsoRiC-R195

RiC-R197 RecordSet hassubject Place issubjectof(RiC-R721)

RiC-R198 RecordSet isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R719)

SeealsoRiC-R199

RiC-R199 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R722)

SeealsoRiC-R198

RiC-R200 RecordSet wascreatedat Place wascreationplaceof(RiC-R723)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R201 RecordSet hassubject Concept/Thing issubjectof(RiC-R769)

RiC-R202 RecordSet isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R768)

SeealsoRiC-R203

RiC-R203 RecordSet wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R770)

SeealsoRiC-R202

4.1.4.AgentRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R204 Agent authored Record wasauthoredby(RiC-R29)

RiC-R205 Agent collected Record wascollectedby(RiC-R30)

RiC-R206 Agent created Record wascreatedby(RiC-R31)

RiC-R207 Agent isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R24)

SeealsoRiC-R215

RiC-R208 Agent isholderof Record isheldby(RiC-R25) SeealsoRiC-R216

RiC-R209 Agent isrightsholderof Record hasrightsheldby(RiC-R22)

SeealsoRiC-R217

RiC-R210 Agent issubjectof Record hassubject(RiC-R23)

RiC-R211 Agent owned Record wasownedby(RiC-R33) SeealsoRiC-R212

RiC-R212 Agent owns Record isownedby(RiC-R26) SeealsoRiC-R211

RiC-R213 Agent sent Record wassentby(RiC-R34)

RiC-R214 Agent wasaddresseeof Record wasaddressedto(RiC-R27)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R215 Agent wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R28)

SeealsoRiC-R207

RiC-R216 Agent washolderof Record washeldby(RiC-R32) SeealsoRiC-R208

RiC-R217 Agent wasrightsholderof Record hadrightsheldby(RiC-R21)

SeealsoRiC-R209

RiC-R218 Agent wrote Record waswrittenby(RiC-R35)

RiC-R219 Agent authored RecordComponent wasauthoredby(RiC-R91)

RiC-R220 Agent collected RecordComponent wascollectedby(RiC-R92)

RiC-R221 Agent created RecordComponent wascreatedby(RiC-R93)

RiC-R222 Agent isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R87)

SeealsoRiC-R228

RiC-R223 Agent isholderof RecordComponent isheldby(RiC-R88) SeealsoRiC-R229

RiC-R224 Agent isrightsholderof RecordComponent hasrightsheldby(RiC-R85)

SeealsoRiC-R230

RiC-R225 Agent issubjectof RecordComponent hassubject(RiC-R86)

RiC-R226 Agent owned RecordComponent wasownerof(RiC-R95) SeealsoRiC-R227

RiC-R227 Agent owns RecordComponent isownerof(RiC-R89) SeealsoRiC-R226

RiC-R228 Agent wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R90)

SeealsoRiC-R222

RiC-R229 Agent washolderof RecordComponent washeldby(RiC-R94) SeealsoRiC-R223

RiC-R230 Agent wasrightsholderof RecordComponent hadrightsheldby(RiC-R84)

SeealsoRiC-R224


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R231 Agent wrote RecordComponent waswrittenby(RiC-R96)

RiC-R232 Agent accumulated RecordSet wasaccumulatedby(RiC-R155)

RiC-R233 Agent arranged RecordSet wasarrangedby(RiC-R157)

RiC-R234 Agent assembled RecordSet wasassembledby(RiC-R158)

RiC-R235 Agent collected RecordSet wascollectedby(RiC-R160)

RiC-R236 Agent created RecordSet wascreatedby(RiC-R161)

RiC-R237 Agent isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R151)

SeealsoRiC-R247

RiC-R238 Agent isholderof RecordSet isheldby(RiC-R152) SeealsoRiC-R248

RiC-R239 Agent isrightsholderof RecordSet hasrightsheldby(RiC-R149)

SeealsoRiC-R249

RiC-R240 Agent issubjectof RecordSet hassubject(RiC-R150)

RiC-R241 Agent managed RecordSet wasmanagedby(RiC-R163)

SeealsoRiC-R242

RiC-R242 Agent manages RecordSet ismanagedby(RiC-R153)

SeealsoRiC-R241

RiC-R243 Agent owned RecordSet wasownedby(RiC-R164)

SeealsoRiC-R244

RiC-R244 Agent owns RecordSet isownedby(RiC-R154) SeealsoRiC-R243

RiC-R245 Agent sent RecordSet wassentby(RiC-R165)

RiC-R246 Agent wasaddresseeof RecordSet wasaddressedto(RiC-R156)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R247 Agent wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R159)

SeealsoRiC-R237

RiC-R248 Agent washolderof RecordSet washeldby(RiC-R162) SeealsoRiC-R238

RiC-R249 Agent wasrightsholderof RecordSet hadrightsheldby(RiC-R148)

SeealsoRiC-R239

RiC-R250 Agent controlled Agent wascontrolledby(RiC-R280)

SeealsoRiC-R251

RiC-R251 Agent controls Agent iscontrolledby(RiC-R263)

SeealsoRiC-R250

RiC-R252 Agent created Agent(oftypedelegate-agent)

wascreatedby(RiC-R281)

RiC-R253 Agent hadfunctionalrelationwith

Agent hadfunctionalrelationwith(RiC-R253)

SeealsoRiC-R257

RiC-R254 Agent(oftypegroup)

hadmember Agent wasmemberof(RiC-R284)

SeealsoRiC-R258


hadpart Agent(oftypegroup) waspartof(RiC-R286) SeealsoRiC-R259

RiC-R256 Agent hasassumedidentity Agent isassumedidentityof(RiC-R261)

RiC-R257 Agent hasfunctionalrelationwith

Agent hasfunctionalrelationwith(RiC-R257)

SeealsoRiC-R253


hasmember Agent ismemberof(RiC-R266) SeealsoRiC-R254


haspart Agent(oftypegroup) ispartof(RiC-R268) SeealsoRiC-R255

RiC-R260 Agent isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R260)

SeealsoRiC-R278

RiC-R261 Agent isassumedidentityof

Agent hasassumedidentity(RiC-R256)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R262 Agent(oftypeperson)

ischildof Agent(oftypeperson)

isparentof(RiC-R267) SeealsoRiC-R279

RiC-R263 Agent iscontrolledby Agent controls(RiC-R251) SeealsoRiC-R280

RiC-R264 Agent(oftypecorporatebody)

isdirectedby Agent(oftypeperson)

isdirectorof(RiC-R265) SeealsoRiC-R282


isdirectorof Agent(oftypecorporatebody)

isdirectedby(RiC-R264) SeealsoRiC-R283

RiC-R266 Agent ismemberof Agent(oftypegroup) hasmember(RiC-R258) SeealsoRiC-R284


isparentof Agent(oftypeperson)

ischildof(RiC-R262) SeealsoRiC-R285


ispartof Agent(oftypegroup) haspart(RiC-R259) SeealsoRiC-R286

RiC-R269 Agent ispredecessorof Agent issuccessorof(RiC-R273)


issiblingof Agent(oftypeperson)

issiblingof(RiC-R270) SeealsoRiC-R287


isspouseof Agent(oftypeperson)

isspouseof(RiC-R271) SeealsoRiC-R288

RiC-R272 Agent issubordinateof Agent issuperiorof(RiC-R274) SeealsoRiC-R289

RiC-R273 Agent issuccessorof Agent ispredecessorof(RiC-R269)

RiC-R274 Agent issuperiorof Agent issubordinateof(RiC-R272)

SeealsoRiC-R290

RiC-R275 Agent(oftypedelegate-agent)

isusedby Agent uses(RiC-R277) SeealsoRiC-R291


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R276 Agent used Agent(oftypedelegate-agent)

wasusedby(RiC-R291) SeealsoRiC-R277

RiC-R277 Agent uses Agent(oftypedelegate-agent)

isusedby(RiC-R275) SeealsoRiC-R276

RiC-R278 Agent wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R278)

SeealsoRiC-R260


waschildof Agent(oftypeperson)

wasparentof(RiC-R285) SeealsoRiC-R262

RiC-R280 Agent wascontrolledby Agent controlled(RiC-R250) SeealsoRiC-R263


wascreatedby Agent created(RiC-R252)

RiC-R282 Agent(oftypecorporatebody)

wasdirectedby Agent(oftypeperson)

wasdirectorof(RiC-R283)

SeealsoRiC-R264


wasdirectorof Agent(oftypecorporatebody)

wasdirectedby(RiC-R282)

SeealsoRiC-R265

RiC-R284 Agent wasmemberof Agent(oftypegroup) hadmember(RiC-R254) SeealsoRiC-R266


wasparentof Agent(oftypeperson)

waschildof(RiC-R279) SeealsoRiC-R267


waspartof Agent(oftypegroup) hadpart(RiC-R255) SeealsoRiC-R268


wassiblingof Agent(oftypeperson)

wassiblingof(RiC-R287) SeealsoRiC-R270


wasspouseof Agent(oftypeperson)

wasspouseof(RiC-R288)

SeealsoRiC-R271


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R289 Agent wassubordinateof Agent wassuperiorof(RiC-R290)

SeealsoRiC-R272

RiC-R290 Agent wassuperiorof Agent wassubordinateof(RiC-R289)

SeealsoRiC-R274


wasusedby Agent used(RiC-R276) SeealsoRiC-R275

RiC-R292 Agent isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R347)

SeealsoRiC-R295

RiC-R293 Agent pursued Occupation waspursuedby(RiC-R350)

SeealsoRiC-R294

RiC-R294 Agent pursues Occupation ispursuedby(RiC-R348) SeealsoRiC-R293

RiC-R295 Agent wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R349)

SeealsoRiC-R292


established Position wasestablishedby(RiC-R390)

RiC-R297 Agent isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R387)

SeealsoRiC-R300


occupied Position wasoccupiedby(RiC-R391)

SeealsoRiC-R299


occupies Position isoccupiedby(RiC-R388)

SeealsoRiC-R298

RiC-R300 Agent wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R389)

SeealsoRiC-R297

RiC-R301 Agent fulfilled Function wasfulfilledby(RiC-R439)

SeealsoRiC-R302

RiC-R302 Agent fulfils Function isfulfilledby(RiC-R437) SeealsoRiC-R301

RiC-R303 Agent isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R436)

SeealsoRiC-R304


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R304 Agent wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R438)

SeealsoRiC-R303

RiC-R305 Agent isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R486)

SeealsoRiC-R306

RiC-R306 Agent wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R487)

SeealsoRiC-R305

RiC-R307 Agent isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R521)

SeealsoRiC-R310

RiC-R308 Agent performed Activity wasperformedby(RiC-R524)

SeealsoRiC-R309

RiC-R309 Agent performs Activity isperformedby(RiC-R522)

SeealsoRiC-R308

RiC-R310 Agent wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R523)

SeealsoRiC-R307

RiC-R311 Agent isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R573)

SeealsoRiC-R312

RiC-R312 Agent wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R574)

SeealsoRiC-R311

RiC-R313 Agent wasauthorizedby Mandate authorized(RiC-R572)

RiC-R314 Agent isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R622)

SeealsoRiC-R315

RiC-R315 Agent wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R623)

SeealsoRiC-R314

RiC-R316 Agent hadactivedate Date wasactivedateof(RiC-R657)

SeealsoRiC-R321


hadbirthdate Date wasbirthdateof(RiC-R659)

RiC-R318

Agent(oftypeperson)

haddeathdate Date wasdeathdateof(RiC-R660)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments


hadenddate Date wasenddateof(RiC-R661)

SeealsoRiC-R322


hadstartdate Date wasstartdateof(RiC-R662)

RiC-R321 Agent hasactivedate Date isactivedateof(RiC-R654)

SeealsoRiC-R316


hasenddate Date isenddateof(RiC-R656) SeealsoRiC-R319

RiC-R323 Agent isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R655)

SeealsoRiC-R324

RiC-R324 Agent wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R658)

SeealsoRiC-R323


hadbirthplace Place wasbirthplaceof(RiC-R730)


haddeathplace Place wasdeathplaceof(RiC-R731)

RiC-R327 Agent isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R727)

SeealsoRiC-R330


iscitizenof Place hascitizen(RiC-R726) SeealsoRiC-R331

RiC-R329 Agent islocatedat Place islocationof(RiC-R728) SeealsoRiC-R332

RiC-R330 Agent wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R729)

SeealsoRiC-R327


wascitizenof Place hadcitizen(RiC-R725) SeealsoRiC-R328

RiC-R332 Agent waslocatedat Place waslocationof(RiC-R732)

SeealsoRiC-R329

RiC-R333

Agent isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R771)

SeealsoRiC-R334


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R334 Agent wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R772)

SeealsoRiC-R333

4.1.5.OccupationRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R335 Occupation isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R37)

SeealsoRiC-R338

RiC-R336 Occupation issubjectof Record hassubject(RiC-R36)

RiC-R337 Occupation resultedin Record resultedfrom(RiC-R38)

RiC-R338 Occupation wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R39)

SeealsoRiC-R335

RiC-R339 Occupation isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R98)

SeealsoRiC-R342

RiC-R340 Occupation issubjectof RecordComponent hassubject(RiC-R97)

RiC-R341 Occupation resultedin RecordComponent resultedfrom(RiC-R99)

RiC-R342 Occupation wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R100)

SeealsoRiC-R339

RiC-R343 Occupation isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R167)

SeealsoRiC-R346

RiC-R344 Occupation issubjectof RecordSet hassubject(RiC-R166)

RiC-R345 Occupation resultedin RecordSet resultedfrom(RiC-R168)

RiC-R346 Occupation wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R169)

SeealsoRiC-R343


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R347 Occupation isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R292)

SeealsoRiC-R349

RiC-R348 Occupation ispursuedby Agent pursues(RiC-R294) SeealsoRiC-R350

RiC-R349 Occupation wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R295)

SeealsoRiC-R347

RiC-R350 Occupation waspursuedby Agent pursued(RiC-R293) SeealsoRiC-R348

RiC-R351 Occupation isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R351)

SeealsoRiC-R354

RiC-R352 Occupation ispredecessorof Occupation issuccessorof(RiC-R353)

RiC-R353 Occupation issuccessorof Occupation ispredecessorof(RiC-R352)

RiC-R354 Occupation wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R354)

SeealsoRiC-R351

RiC-R355 Occupation isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R392)

SeealsoRiC-R357

RiC-R356 Occupation isrequiredcompetencyof

Position requirescompetency(RiC-R394)

SeealsoRiC-R358

RiC-R357 Occupation wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R395)

SeealsoRiC-R355

RiC-R358 Occupation wasrequiredcompetencyof

Position requiredcompetency(RiC-R393)

SeealsoRiC-R356

RiC-R359 Occupation isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R440)

SeealsoRiC-R360

RiC-R360 Occupation wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R441)

SeealsoRiC-R359

RiC-R361 Occupation isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R488)

SeealsoRiC-R362


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R362 Occupation wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R489)

SeealsoRiC-R361

RiC-R363 Occupation isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R525)

SeealsoRiC-R364

RiC-R364 Occupation wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R526)

SeealsoRiC-R363

RiC-R365 Occupation isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R575)

SeealsoRiC-R366

RiC-R366 Occupation wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R576)

SeealsoRiC-R365

RiC-R367 Occupation isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R624)

SeealsoRiC-R368

RiC-R368 Occupation wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R625)

SeealsoRiC-R367

RiC-R369 Occupation isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R663)

SeealsoRiC-R370

RiC-R370 Occupation wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R664)

SeealsoRiC-R369

RiC-R371 Occupation isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R733)

SeealsoRiC-R372

RiC-R372 Occupation wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R734)

SeealsoRiC-R371

RiC-R373 Occupation isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R773)

SeealsoRiC-R374

RiC-R374 Occupation wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R774)

SeealsoRiC-R373


4.1.6.PositionRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R375 Position isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R41) SeealsoRiC-R378

RiC-R376 Position issubjectof Record hassubject(RiC-R40)

RiC-R377 Position resultedin Record resultedfrom(RiC-R42)

RiC-R378 Position wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R43)

SeealsoRiC-R375

RiC-R379 Position isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R102)

SeealsoRiC-R382

RiC-R380 Position issubjectof RecordComponent hassubject(RiC-R101)

RiC-R381 Position resultedin RecordComponent resultedfrom(RiC-R103)

RiC-R382 Position wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R104)

SeealsoRiC-R379

RiC-R383 Position isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R171)

SeealsoRiC-R386

RiC-R384 Position issubjectof RecordSet hassubject(RiC-R170)

RiC-R385 Position resultedin RecordSet resultedfrom(RiC-R172)

RiC-R386 Position wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R173)

SeealsoRiC-R383

RiC-R387 Position isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R297)

SeealsoRiC-R389

RiC-R388

Position isoccupiedby Agent(oftypeperson)

occupies(RiC-R299) SeealsoRiC-R391

RiC-R389 Position wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R300)

SeealsoRiC-R387

RiC-R390 Position wasestablishedby Agent(oftypegroup)

established(RiC-R296)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R391 Position wasoccupiedby Agent(oftypeperson)

occupied(RiC-R298) SeealsoRiC-R388

RiC-R392 Position isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R355)

SeealsoRiC-R395

RiC-R393 Position requiredcompetency

Occupation wasrequiredcompetencyof(RiC-R358)

SeealsoRiC-R394

RiC-R394 Position requirescompetency

Occupation isrequiredcompetencyof(RiC-R356)

SeealsoRiC-R393

RiC-R395 Position wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R357)

SeealsoRiC-R392

RiC-R396 Position isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R396)

SeealsoRiC-R399

RiC-R397 Position ispredecessorof Position issuccessorof(RiC-R398)

RiC-R398 Position issuccessorof Position ispredecessorof(RiC-R397)

RiC-R399 Position wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R399)

SeealsoRiC-R396

RiC-R400 Position isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R442)

SeealsoRiC-R401

RiC-R401 Position wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R443)

SeealsoRiC-R400

RiC-R402 Position isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R490)

SeealsoRiC-R403

RiC-R403 Position wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R491)

SeealsoRiC-R402

RiC-R404 Position isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R527)

SeealsoRiC-R405

RiC-R405

Position wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R528)

SeealsoRiC-R404


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R406 Position isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R579)

SeealsoRiC-R408

RiC-R407 Position isdefinedby Mandate defines(RiC-R578) SeealsoRiC-R409

RiC-R408 Position wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R581)

SeealsoRiC-R406

RiC-R409 Position wasdefinedby Mandate defined(RiC-R577) SeealsoRiC-R407

RiC-R410 Position wasrevisedby Mandate revised(RiC-R580)

RiC-R411 Position isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R626)

SeealsoRiC-R412

RiC-R412 Position wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R627)

SeealsoRiC-R411

RiC-R413 Position hadenddate Date wasenddateof(RiC-R668) SeealsoRiC-R415

RiC-R414 Position hadstartdate Date wasstartdateof(RiC-R669)

RiC-R415 Position hasenddate Date isenddateof(RiC-R666) SeealsoRiC-R413

RiC-R416 Position isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R665)

SeealsoRiC-R417

RiC-R417 Position wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R667)

SeealsoRiC-R416

RiC-R418 Position isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R735)

SeealsoRiC-R420

RiC-R419 Position islocatedin Place islocationof(RiC-R736) SeealsoRiC-R421

RiC-R420 Position wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R737)

SeealsoRiC-R418

RiC-R421 Position waslocatedin Place waslocationof(RiC-R738) SeealsoRiC-R419

RiC-R422 Position isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R775)

SeealsoRiC-R423

RiC-R423 Position wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R776)

SeealsoRiC-R422


4.1.7.FunctionRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R424 Function isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R45)

SeealsoRiC-R427

RiC-R425 Function isevidencedby Record isevidenceof(RiC-R46)

RiC-R426 Function issubjectof Record hassubject(RiC-R44)

RiC-R427 Function wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R47)

SeealsoRiC-R424

RiC-R428 Function isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R106)

SeealsoRiC-R431

RiC-R429 Function isevidencedby RecordComponent isevidenceof(RiC-R107)

RiC-R430 Function issubjectof RecordComponent hassubject(RiC-R105)

RiC-R431 Function wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R108)

SeealsoRiC-R428

RiC-R432 Function isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R175)

SeealsoRiC-R435

RiC-R433 Function isevidencedby RecordSet isevidenceof(RiC-R176)

RiC-R434 Function issubjectof RecordSet hassubject(RiC-R174)

RiC-R435 Function wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R177)

SeealsoRiC-R432

RiC-R436 Function isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R303)

SeealsoRiC-R438

RiC-R437 Function isfulfilledby Agent fulfils(RiC-R302) SeealsoRiC-R439

RiC-R438 Function wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R304)

SeealsoRiC-R436

RiC-R439 Function wasfulfilledby Agent fulfilled(RiC-R301) SeealsoRiC-R437

RiC-R440 Function isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R359)

SeealsoRiC-R441


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R441 Function wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R360)

SeealsoRiC-R440

RiC-R442 Function isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R400)

SeealsoRiC-R443

RiC-R443 Function wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R401)

SeealsoRiC-R442

RiC-R444 Function hadpart Function waspartof(RiC-R451) SeealsoRiC-R445

RiC-R445 Function haspart Function ispartof(RiC-R447) SeealsoRiC-R444

RiC-R446 Function isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R446)

SeealsoRiC-R450

RiC-R447 Function ispartof Function haspart(RiC-R445) SeealsoRiC-R451

RiC-R448 Function ispredecessorof Function issuccessorof(RiC-R449)

RiC-R449 Function issuccessorof Function ispredecessorof(RiC-R448)

RiC-R450 Function wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R450)

SeealsoRiC-R446

RiC-R451 Function waspartof Function hadpart(RiC-R444) SeealsoRiC-R447

RiC-R452 Function isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R493)

SeealsoRiC-R454

RiC-R453 Function isexampleof Function(Abstract) hasexample(RiC-R492)

RiC-R454 Function wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R494)

SeealsoRiC-R452

RiC-R455 Function isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R529)

SeealsoRiC-R457

RiC-R456 Function isfulfilledbyperformanceof

Activity isperformedtofulfil(RiC-R530)

SeealsoRiC-R458

RiC-R457 Function wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R531)

SeealsoRiC-R455


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R458 Function wasfulfilledbyperformanceof

Activity wasperformedtofulfill(RiC-R532)

SeealsoRiC-R456

RiC-R459 Function isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R584)

SeealsoRiC-R461

RiC-R460 Function isdefinedby Mandate defines(RiC-R583) SeealsoRiC-R462

RiC-R461 Function wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R586)

SeealsoRiC-R459

RiC-R462 Function wasdefinedby Mandate defined(RiC-R582) SeealsoRiC-R460

RiC-R463 Function wasrevisedby Mandate revised(RiC-R585)

RiC-R464 Function isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R628)

SeealsoRiC-R465

RiC-R465 Function wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R629)

SeealsoRiC-R464

RiC-R466 Function hadactivedate Date wasactivedateof(RiC-R673)

SeealsoRiC-R469

RiC-R467 Function hadenddate Date wasenddateof(RiC-R675)

SeealsoRiC-R470

RiC-R468 Function hadstartdate Date wasstartdateof(RiC-R676)

RiC-R469 Function hasactivedate Date isactivedateof(RiC-R670)

SeealsoRiC-R466

RiC-R470 Function hasenddate Date isenddateof(RiC-R672) SeealsoRiC-R467

RiC-R471 Function isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R671)

SeealsoRiC-R472

RiC-R472 Function wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R674)

SeealsoRiC-R471

RiC-R473 Function isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R739)

SeealsoRiC-R474


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R474 Function wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R740)

SeealsoRiC-R473

RiC-R475 Function isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R777)

SeealsoRiC-R476

RiC-R476 Function wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R778)

SeealsoRiC-R475

4.1.8.Function(Abstract)Relations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R477 Function(Abstract)

isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R49)

SeealsoRiC-R479


issubjectof Record hassubject(RiC-R48)


wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R50)

SeealsoRiC-R477


isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R110)

SeealsoRiC-R482


issubjectof RecordComponent hassubject(RiC-R109)


wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R111)

SeealsoRiC-R480


isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R179)

SeealsoRiC-R485


issubjectof RecordSet hassubject(RiC-R178)


wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R180)

SeealsoRiC-R483


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments


isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R305)

SeealsoRiC-R487


wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R306)

SeealsoRiC-R486


isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R361)

SeealsoRiC-R489


wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R362)

SeealsoRiC-R488


isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R402)

SeealsoRiC-R491


wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R403)

SeealsoRiC-R490


hasexample Function isexampleof(RiC-R453)


isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R452)

SeealsoRiC-R494


wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R454)

SeealsoRiC-R493


isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R495)

SeealsoRiC-R496


wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R496)

SeealsoRiC-R495


isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R533)

SeealsoRiC-R498


wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R534)

SeealsoRiC-R497


isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R587)

SeealsoRiC-R500


wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R588)

SeealsoRiC-R499


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments


isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R630)

SeealsoRiC-R502


wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R631)

SeealsoRiC-R501


isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R677)

SeealsoRiC-R504


wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R678)

SeealsoRiC-R503


isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R741)

SeealsoRiC-R506


wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R742)

SeealsoRiC-R505


isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R779)

SeealsoRiC-R508


wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R780)

SeealsoRiC-R507

4.1.9.ActivityRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R509 Activity isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R52)

SeealsoRiC-R512

RiC-R510 Activity issubjectof Record hassubject(RiC-R51)

RiC-R511 Activity resultedin Record resultedfrom(RiC-R53)

RiC-R512 Activity wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R54)

SeealsoRiC-R509

RiC-R513 Activity isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R113)

SeealsoRiC-R516

RiC-R514 Activity issubjectof RecordComponent hassubject(RiC-R112)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R515 Activity resultedin RecordComponent resultedfrom(RiC-R114)

RiC-R516 Activity wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R115)

SeealsoRiC-R513

RiC-R517 Activity isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R182)

SeealsoRiC-R520

RiC-R518 Activity issubjectof RecordSet hassubject(RiC-R181)

RiC-R519 Activity resultedin RecordSet resultedfrom(RiC-R183)

RiC-R520 Activity wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R184)

SeealsoRiC-R517

RiC-R521 Activity isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R307)

SeealsoRiC-R523

RiC-R522 Activity isperformedby Agent performs(RiC-R309) SeealsoRiC-R524

RiC-R523 Activity wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R310)

SeealsoRiC-R521

RiC-R524 Activity wasperformedby Agent performed(RiC-R308) SeealsoRiC-R522

RiC-R525 Activity isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R363)

SeealsoRiC-R526

RiC-R526 Activity wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R364)

SeealsoRiC-R525

RiC-R527 Activity isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R404)

SeealsoRiC-R528

RiC-R528 Activity wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R405)

SeealsoRiC-R527

RiC-R529 Activity isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R455)

SeealsoRiC-R531

RiC-R530 Activity isperformedtofulfil Function isfulfilledbyperformanceof(RiC-R456)

SeealsoRiC-R532


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R531 Activity wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R457)

SeealsoRiC-R529

RiC-R532 Activity wasperformedtofulfill Function wasfulfilledbyperformanceof(RiC-R458)

SeealsoRiC-R530

RiC-R533 Activity isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R497)

SeealsoRiC-R534

RiC-R534 Activity wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R498)

SeealsoRiC-R533

RiC-R535 Activity hadpart Activity waspartof(RiC-R542) SeealsoRiC-R536

RiC-R536 Activity haspart Activity ispartof(RiC-R538) SeealsoRiC-R535

RiC-R537 Activity isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R537)

SeealsoRiC-R541

RiC-R538 Activity ispartof Activity haspart(RiC-R536) SeealsoRiC-R542

RiC-R539

Activity ispredecessorof Activity issuccessorof(RiC-R540)

RiC-R540 Activity issuccessorof Activity ispredecessorof(RiC-R539)

RiC-R541 Activity wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R541)

SeealsoRiC-R537

RiC-R542 Activity waspartof Activity hadpart(RiC-R535) SeealsoRiC-R538

RiC-R543 Activity isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R591)

SeealsoRiC-R545

RiC-R544 Activity isdefinedby Mandate defines(RiC-R590) SeealsoRiC-R546

RiC-R545 Activity wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R593)

SeealsoRiC-R543

RiC-R546 Activity wasdefinedby Mandate defined(RiC-R589) SeealsoRiC-R544

RiC-R547 Activity wasrevisedby Mandate revised(RiC-R592)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R548 Activity isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R632)

SeealsoRiC-R549

RiC-R549 Activity wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R633)

SeealsoRiC-R548

RiC-R550 Activity hadactivedate Date wasactivedateof(RiC-R682)

SeealsoRiC-R553

RiC-R551 Activity hadenddate Date wasenddateof(RiC-R684)

SeealsoRiC-R554

RiC-R552 Activity hadstartdate Date wasstartdateof(RiC-R685)

RiC-R553 Activity hasactivedate Date isactivedateof(RiC-R679)

SeealsoRiC-R550

RiC-R554 Activity hasenddate Date isenddateof(RiC-R681) SeealsoRiC-R551

RiC-R555 Activity isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R680)

SeealsoRiC-R556

RiC-R556 Activity wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R683)

SeealsoRiC-R555

RiC-R557

Activity isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R743)

SeealsoRiC-R558

RiC-R558 Activity wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R744)

SeealsoRiC-R557

RiC-R559 Activity isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R781)

SeealsoRiC-R560

RiC-R560 Activity wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R782)

SeealsoRiC-R559


4.1.10.MandateRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R561 Mandate isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R56) SeealsoRiC-R564

RiC-R562 Mandate isevidencedby Record isevidenceof(RiC-R57)

RiC-R563 Mandate issubjectof Record hassubject(RiC-R55)

RiC-R564 Mandate wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R58)

SeealsoRiC-R561

RiC-R565 Mandate isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R117) SeealsoRiC-R567

RiC-R566 Mandate issubjectof RecordComponent hassubject(RiC-R116)

RiC-R567 Mandate wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R118)

SeealsoRiC-R565

RiC-R568 Mandate isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R186) SeealsoRiC-R571

RiC-R569 Mandate isevidencedby RecordSet isevidenceof(RiC-R187)

RiC-R570 Mandate issubjectof RecordSet hassubject(RiC-R185)

RiC-R571 Mandate wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R188)

SeealsoRiC-R568

RiC-R572 Mandate authorized Agent wasauthorizedby(RiC-R313)

RiC-R573 Mandate isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R311) SeealsoRiC-R574

RiC-R574 Mandate wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R312)

SeealsoRiC-R573

RiC-R575 Mandate isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R365) SeealsoRiC-R576

RiC-R576 Mandate wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R366)

SeealsoRiC-R575

RiC-R577 Mandate defined Position wasdefinedby(RiC-R409) SeealsoRiC-R578

RiC-R578 Mandate defines Position isdefinedby(RiC-R407) SeealsoRiC-R577

RiC-R579 Mandate isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R406) SeealsoRiC-R581


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R580 Mandate revised Position wasrevisedby(RiC-R410)

RiC-R581 Mandate wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R408)

SeealsoRiC-R579

RiC-R582 Mandate defined Function wasdefinedby(RiC-R462) SeealsoRiC-R583

RiC-R583 Mandate defines Function isdefinedby(RiC-R460) SeealsoRiC-R582

RiC-R584 Mandate isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R459) SeealsoRiC-R586

RiC-R585 Mandate revised Function wasrevisedby(RiC-R463)

RiC-R586 Mandate wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R461)

SeealsoRiC-R584

RiC-R587 Mandate isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R499) SeealsoRiC-R588

RiC-R588 Mandate wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R500)

SeealsoRiC-R587

RiC-R589 Mandate defined Activity wasdefinedby(RiC-R546) SeealsoRiC-R590

RiC-R590 Mandate defines Activity isdefinedby(RiC-R544) SeealsoRiC-R589

RiC-R591 Mandate isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R543) SeealsoRiC-R593

RiC-R592 Mandate revised Activity wasrevisedby(RiC-R547)

RiC-R593 Mandate wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R545)

SeealsoRiC-R591

RiC-R594 Mandate isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R594) SeealsoRiC-R597

RiC-R595 Mandate ispredecessorof Mandate issuccessorof(RiC-R596)

RiC-R596 Mandate issuccessorof Mandate ispredecessorof(RiC-R595)

RiC-R597 Mandate wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R597)

SeealsoRiC-R594

RiC-R598 Mandate isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R634) SeealsoRiC-R599

RiC-R599 Mandate wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R635)

SeealsoRiC-R598


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R600 Mandate hadactivedate Date wasactivedateof(RiC-R689)

SeealsoRiC-R604

RiC-R601 Mandate hadenddate Date wasenddateof(RiC-R691) SeealsoRiC-R605

RiC-R602 Mandate hadrevisiondate Date wasrevisiondateof(RiC-R692)

RiC-R603 Mandate hadstartdate Date wasstartdateof(RiC-R693)

RiC-R604 Mandate hasactivedate Date isactivedateof(RiC-R686) SeealsoRiC-R600

RiC-R605 Mandate hasenddate Date isenddateof(RiC-R688) SeealsoRiC-R601

RiC-R606 Mandate isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R687) SeealsoRiC-R607

RiC-R607 Mandate wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R690)

SeealsoRiC-R606

RiC-R608 Mandate hadjurisdiction Place wasjurisdictionof(RiC-R748)

SeealsoRiC-R609

RiC-R609 Mandate hasjurisdiction Place isjurisdictionof(RiC-R746) SeealsoRiC-R608

RiC-R610 Mandate isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R745) SeealsoRiC-R611

RiC-R611 Mandate wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R747)

SeealsoRiC-R610

RiC-R612 Mandate isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R783) SeealsoRiC-R613

RiC-R613 Mandate wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R784)

SeealsoRiC-R612

4.1.11.DocumentaryFormRelations

RelationNumber


Comments

RiC-R614 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R60)

SeealsoRiC-R616


RelationNumber


Comments

RiC-R615 DocumentaryForm isdocumentaryformof

Record hasdocumentaryform(RiC-R59)

RiC-R616 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R61)

SeealsoRiC-R614

RiC-R617 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R120)

SeealsoRiC-R619

RiC-R618 DocumentaryForm isdocumentaryformof

RecordComponent hasdocumentaryform(RiC-R119)

RiC-R619 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R121)

SeealsoRiC-R617

RiC-R620 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R189)

SeealsoRiC-R621

RiC-R621 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R190)

SeealsoRiC-R620

RiC-R622 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R314)

SeealsoRiC-R623

RiC-R623 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R315)

SeealsoRiC-R622

RiC-R624 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R367)

SeealsoRiC-R625

RiC-R625 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R368)

SeealsoRiC-R624

RiC-R626 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R411)

SeealsoRiC-R627

RiC-R627 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R412)

SeealsoRiC-R626

RiC-R628 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R464)

SeealsoRiC-R629

RiC-R629 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R465)

SeealsoRiC-R628


RelationNumber


Comments

RiC-R630 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R501)

SeealsoRiC-R631

RiC-R631 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R502)

SeealsoRiC-R630

RiC-R632 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R548)

SeealsoRiC-R633

RiC-R633 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R549)

SeealsoRiC-R632

RiC-R634 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R598)

SeealsoRiC-R635

RiC-R635 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R599)

SeealsoRiC-R634

RiC-R636 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R636)

SeealsoRiC-R637

RiC-R637 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R637)

SeealsoRiC-R636

RiC-R638 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R694)

SeealsoRiC-R639

RiC-R639 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R695)

SeealsoRiC-R638

RiC-R640 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R749)

SeealsoRiC-R641

RiC-R641 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R750)

SeealsoRiC-R640

RiC-R642 DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R785)

SeealsoRiC-R643

RiC-R643 DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R786)

SeealsoRiC-R642


4.1.12.DateRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R644 Date isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R63)

SeealsoRiC-R645

RiC-R645 Date wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R64)

SeealsoRiC-R644

RiC-R646 Date wascreationdateof Record hadcreationdate(RiC-R62)

RiC-R647 Date isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R123)

SeealsoRiC-R648

RiC-R648 Date wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R124)

SeealsoRiC-R647

RiC-R649 Date wascreationdateof RecordComponent hadcreationdate(RiC-R122)

RiC-R650 Date isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R193)

SeealsoRiC-R652

RiC-R651 Date iscoveragedateof RecordSet hascoveragedate(RiC-R192)

RiC-R652 Date wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R194)

SeealsoRiC-R650

RiC-R653 Date wascreationdateof RecordSet hadcreationdate(RiC-R191)

RiC-R654 Date isactivedateof Agent hasactivedate(RiC-R321) SeealsoRiC-R657

RiC-R655 Date isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R323)

SeealsoRiC-R658

RiC-R656 Date isenddateof Agent(oftypegroup) hasenddate(RiC-R322) SeealsoRiC-R661

RiC-R657

Date wasactivedateof Agent hadactivedate(RiC-R316)

SeealsoRiC-R654


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R658 Date wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R324)

SeealsoRiC-R655

RiC-R659 Date wasbirthdateof Agent(oftypeperson) hadbirthdate(RiC-R317)

RiC-R660 Date wasdeathdateof Agent(oftypeperson) haddeathdate(RiC-R318)

RiC-R661 Date wasenddateof Agent(oftypegroup) hadenddate(RiC-R319) SeealsoRiC-R656

RiC-R662 Date wasstartdateof Agent(oftypegroup) hadstartdate(RiC-R320)

RiC-R663 Date isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R369)

SeealsoRiC-R664

RiC-R664 Date wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R370)

SeealsoRiC-R663

RiC-R665 Date isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R416)

SeealsoRiC-R667

RiC-R666 Date isenddateof Position hasenddate(RiC-R415) SeealsoRiC-R668

RiC-R667 Date wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R417)

SeealsoRiC-R665

RiC-R668 Date wasenddateof Position hadenddate(RiC-R413) SeealsoRiC-R666

RiC-R669 Date wasstartdateof Position hadstartdate(RiC-R414)

RiC-R670 Date isactivedateof Function hasactivedate(RiC-R469) SeealsoRiC-R673

RiC-R671 Date isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R471)

SeealsoRiC-R674

RiC-R672 Date isenddateof Function hasenddate(RiC-R470) SeealsoRiC-R675

RiC-R673 Date wasactivedateof Function hadactivedate(RiC-R466)

SeealsoRiC-R670

RiC-R674 Date wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R472)

SeealsoRiC-R671

RiC-R675 Date wasenddateof Function hadenddate(RiC-R467) SeealsoRiC-R672

RiC-R676 Date wasstartdateof Function hadstartdate(RiC-R468)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R677 Date isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R503)

SeealsoRiC-R678

RiC-R678 Date wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R504)

SeealsoRiC-R677

RiC-R679 Date isactivedateof Activity hasactivedate(RiC-R553) SeealsoRiC-R682

RiC-R680 Date isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R555)

SeealsoRiC-R683

RiC-R681 Date isenddateof Activity hasenddate(RiC-R554) SeealsoRiC-R684

RiC-R682 Date wasactivedateof Activity hadactivedate(RiC-R550)

SeealsoRiC-R679

RiC-R683 Date wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R556)

SeealsoRiC-R680

RiC-R684 Date wasenddateof Activity hadenddate(RiC-R551) SeealsoRiC-R681

RiC-R685 Date wasstartdateof Activity hadstartdate(RiC-R552)

RiC-R686 Date isactivedateof Mandate hasactivedate(RiC-R604) SeealsoRiC-R689

RiC-R687 Date isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R606)

SeealsoRiC-R690

RiC-R688 Date isenddateof Mandate hasenddate(RiC-R605) SeealsoRiC-R691

RiC-R689 Date wasactivedateof Mandate hadactivedate(RiC-R600)

SeealsoRiC-R686

RiC-R690 Date wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R607)

SeealsoRiC-R687

RiC-R691 Date wasenddateof Mandate hadenddate(RiC-R601) SeealsoRiC-R688

RiC-R692 Date wasrevisiondateof Mandate hadrevisiondate(RiC-R602)

RiC-R693 Date wasstartdateof Mandate hadstartdate(RiC-R603)

RiC-R694 Date isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R638)

SeealsoRiC-R695


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R695 Date wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R639)

SeealsoRiC-R694

RiC-R696 Date isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R696)

SeealsoRiC-R697

RiC-R697 Date wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R697)

SeealsoRiC-R696

RiC-R698 Date isactivedateof Place hasactivedate(RiC-R754) SeealsoRiC-R701

RiC-R699 Date isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R756)

SeealsoRiC-R702

RiC-R700 Date isenddateof Place hasenddate(RiC-R755) SeealsoRiC-R703

RiC-R701 Date wasactivedateof Place hadactivedate(RiC-R751)

SeealsoRiC-R698

RiC-R702 Date wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R757)

SeealsoRiC-R699

RiC-R703 Date wasenddateof Place hadenddate(RiC-R752) SeealsoRiC-R700

RiC-R704 Date wasstartdateof Place hadstartdate(RiC-R753)

RiC-R705 Date isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R787)

SeealsoRiC-R706

RiC-R706 Date wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R788)

SeealsoRiC-R705

4.2.13.PlaceRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R707 Place isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R68)

SeealsoRiC-R710

RiC-R708 Place isholdinglocationof Record hasholdinglocation(RiC-R66)

SeealsoRiC-R712


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R709 Place issubjectof Record hassubject(RiC-R67)

RiC-R710 Place wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R69)

SeealsoRiC-R707

RiC-R711 Place wascreationlocationof Record wascreatedat(RiC-R70)

RiC-R712 Place washoldinglocationof Record hadholdinglocation(RiC-R65)

SeealsoRiC-R708

RiC-R713 Place isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R128)

SeealsoRiC-R716

RiC-R714 Place isholdinglocationof RecordComponent hasholdinglocation(RiC-R126)

SeealsoRiC-R718

RiC-R715 Place issubjectof RecordComponent hassubject(RiC-R127)

RiC-R716 Place wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R129)

SeealsoRiC-R713

RiC-R717 Place wascreationlocationof RecordComponent wascreatedat(RiC-R130)

RiC-R718 Place washoldinglocationof RecordComponent hadholdinglocation(RiC-R125)

SeealsoRiC-R714

RiC-R719 Place isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R198)

SeealsoRiC-R722

RiC-R720 Place isholdingplaceof RecordSet hasholdinglocation(RiC-R196)

SeealsoRiC-R724

RiC-R721 Place issubjectof RecordSet hassubject(RiC-R197)

RiC-R722 Place wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R199)

SeealsoRiC-R719

RiC-R723

Place wascreationplaceof RecordSet wascreatedat(RiC-R200)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R724 Place washoldingplaceof RecordSet hadholdinglocation(RiC-R195)

SeealsoRiC-R720

RiC-R725 Place hadcitizen Agent(oftypeperson) wascitizenof(RiC-R331)

SeealsoRiC-R726

RiC-R726 Place hascitizen Agent(oftypeperson) iscitizenof(RiC-R328)

SeealsoRiC-R725

RiC-R727 Place isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R327)

SeealsoRiC-R729

RiC-R728 Place islocationof Agent islocatedat(RiC-R329)

SeealsoRiC-R732

RiC-R729 Place wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R330)

SeealsoRiC-R727

RiC-R730 Place wasbirthplaceof Agent(oftypeperson) hadbirthplace(RiC-R325)

RiC-R731 Place wasdeathplaceof Agent(oftypeperson) haddeathplace(RiC-R326)

RiC-R732 Place waslocationof Agent waslocatedat(RiC-R332)

SeealsoRiC-R728

RiC-R733 Place isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R371)

SeealsoRiC-R734

RiC-R734 Place wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R372)

SeealsoRiC-R733

RiC-R735 Place isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R418)

SeealsoRiC-R737

RiC-R736 Place islocationof Position islocatedin(RiC-R419)

SeealsoRiC-R738

RiC-R737 Place wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R420)

SeealsoRiC-R735

RiC-R738 Place waslocationof Position waslocatedin(RiC-R421)

SeealsoRiC-R736


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R739 Place isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R473)

SeealsoRiC-R740

RiC-R740 Place wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R474)

SeealsoRiC-R739

RiC-R741 Place isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R505)

SeealsoRiC-R742

RiC-R742 Place wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R506)

SeealsoRiC-R741

RiC-R743 Place isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R557)

SeealsoRiC-R744

RiC-R744 Place wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R558)

SeealsoRiC-R743

RiC-R745 Place isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R610)

SeealsoRiC-R747

RiC-R746 Place isjurisdictionof Mandate hasjurisdiction(RiC-R609)

SeealsoRiC-R748

RiC-R747 Place wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R611)

SeealsoRiC-R745

RiC-R748 Place wasjurisdictionof Mandate hadjurisdiction(RiC-R608)

SeealsoRiC-R746

RiC-R749 Place isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R640)

SeealsoRiC-R750

RiC-R750 Place wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R641)

SeealsoRiC-R749

RiC-R751 Place hadactivedate Date wasactivedateof(RiC-R701)

SeealsoRiC-R754

RiC-R752 Place hadenddate Date wasenddateof(RiC-R703)

SeealsoRiC-R755

RiC-R753 Place hadstartdate Date wasstartdateof(RiC-R704)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R754 Place hasactivedate Date isactivedateof(RiC-R698)

SeealsoRiC-R751

RiC-R755 Place hasenddate Date isenddateof(RiC-R700)

SeealsoRiC-R752

RiC-R756 Place isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R699)

SeealsoRiC-R757

RiC-R757 Place wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R702)

SeealsoRiC-R756

RiC-R758 Place isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R758)

SeealsoRiC-R759

RiC-R759 Place wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R759)

SeealsoRiC-R758

RiC-R760 Place isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R789)

SeealsoRiC-R761

RiC-R761 Place wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R790)

SeealsoRiC-R760

4.2.14.Concept/ThingRelations

RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R762 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Record isassociatedwith(RiC-R72)

SeealsoRiC-R764

RiC-R763 Concept/Thing issubjectof Record hassubject(RiC-R71)

RiC-R764 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Record wasassociatedwith(RiC-R73)

SeealsoRiC-R762

RiC-R765 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith RecordComponent isassociatedwith(RiC-R132)

SeealsoRiC-R767

RiC-R766 Concept/Thing issubjectof RecordComponent hassubject(RiC-R131)


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R767 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith RecordComponent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R133)

SeealsoRiC-R765

RiC-R768 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith RecordSet isassociatedwith(RiC-R202)

SeealsoRiC-R770

RiC-R769 Concept/Thing issubjectof RecordSet hassubject(RiC-R201)

RiC-R770 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith RecordSet wasassociatedwith(RiC-R203)

SeealsoRiC-R768

RiC-R771 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Agent isassociatedwith(RiC-R333)

SeealsoRiC-R772

RiC-R772 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Agent wasassociatedwith(RiC-R334)

SeealsoRiC-R771

RiC-R773 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Occupation isassociatedwith(RiC-R373)

SeealsoRiC-R774

RiC-R774 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Occupation wasassociatedwith(RiC-R374)

SeealsoRiC-R773

RiC-R775 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Position isassociatedwith(RiC-R422)

SeealsoRiC-R776

RiC-R776 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Position wasassociatedwith(RiC-R423)

SeealsoRiC-R775

RiC-R777 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Function isassociatedwith(RiC-R475)

SeealsoRiC-R778

RiC-R778 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Function wasassociatedwith(RiC-R476)

SeealsoRiC-R777

RiC-R779 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Function(Abstract) isassociatedwith(RiC-R507)

SeealsoRiC-R780

RiC-R780 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Function(Abstract) wasassociatedwith(RiC-R508)

SeealsoRiC-R779

RiC-R781 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Activity isassociatedwith(RiC-R559)

SeealsoRiC-R782


RelationNumber

RelationDomain


Comments

RiC-R782 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Activity wasassociatedwith(RiC-R560)

SeealsoRiC-R781

RiC-R783 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Mandate isassociatedwith(RiC-R612)

SeealsoRiC-R784

RiC-R784 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Mandate wasassociatedwith(RiC-R613)

SeealsoRiC-R783

RiC-R785 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith DocumentaryForm isassociatedwith(RiC-R642)

SeealsoRiC-R786

RiC-R786 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith DocumentaryForm wasassociatedwith(RiC-R643)

SeealsoRiC-R785

RiC-R787 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Date isassociatedwith(RiC-R705)

SeealsoRiC-R788

RiC-R788 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Date wasassociatedwith(RiC-R706)

SeealsoRiC-R787

RiC-R789 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Place isassociatedwith(RiC-R760)

SeealsoRiC-R790

RiC-R790 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Place wasassociatedwith(RiC-R761)

SeealsoRiC-R789

RiC-R791 Concept/Thing isassociatedwith Concept/Thing isassociatedwith(RiC-R791)

SeealsoRiC-R792

RiC-R792 Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith Concept/Thing wasassociatedwith(RiC-R792)

SeealsoRiC-R791

RiCConsultationDraftv0.1 September2016 91

4.2SharedPropertiesofaRelation# Property DefinitionRiC-P68Date Chronologicalinformationassociatedwiththerelationthat

contributestoitsidentificationandcontextualization.

Scope Ifapplicable,includestheDate(rangeortime)whenthereisarelationbetweentwoentities.Willnotapplytoallrelations.Forexample,willnotapplytorelationstoDate.AdditionalexceptionswillbenotedinfutureRiCreleases.

DataType ISO8601TimeandDateFormat

Examples 1792-08-10;1798-10-30;1720/1780

# Property DefinitionRiC-P69Place Jurisdictionsandnamedgeographicalfeatures.

Scope Includessettlementsofanykind(towns,villages,etc.),historical

regions,politicalandadministrativedistricts,andgeographicalfeatures.Ifapplicable,includesthegeographicaloradministrativepointorarea(e.g.district,country,state)wheretherelationbetweentwoentitiesexists.

DataType ControlledTermorPhrase

Examples AmazonRiver;NovaScotia;Paris



AppendixI:ExampleofArchivalDescriptionConformingtoRiC-CMHereisanillustrativeexampleofarchivaldescriptionconformingtoRiC-CMpresentedasadiagram:

ThisexampleshowssomeinformationaboutP.G.F.Léveau,aFrenchpublicnotaryinthe19thcenturyincluding:• datafromtheArchivesnationalesdeFrance(ANF)(inblue);and• datafromalocalarchivalinstitution,theArchivesdépartementalesduCher(inyellow).

QueryinganddisplayingsuchinterrelateddatamayhelpuserswhowanttoresearchLéveauhimself;orstudythehistoryofthenotariesintheFrenchDepartmentofCherinthe19thcentury;orretrievetherecordscreatedbythenotarieswhoworkedinMehunfrom1820to1840,inwhichmuchinformationaboutthelivesofpeoplewholivedinthatareacanbefound.TheentitiesandrelationsusedaredefinedbyRiC-CM.Whiletherelationsareonlyshowninonedirection,theinverserelationsexist.



AppendixII:ExpertsGrouponArchivalDescriptionMembers

CurrentMembers

NilsBrübach,SächsischesStaatsarchiv(Germany)FlorenceClavaud,Archivesnationales(France)AdrianCunningham,QueenslandStateArchives(Australia)BeatrizFrancoEspiño,MinisteriodeEducación,CulturayDeporte(Spain)MiiaHerrala,Arkistolaitos(Finland)PeteJohnston,ArchivesHub(UnitedKingdom)PadréLydieGnessougouBaroan-Dioumency,DirectionGénéraleduTrésoretdelaComptabilitéPublique(IvoryCoast)GavanMcCarthy,UniversityofMelbourneeScholarshipResearchCentre(Australia)VitorManoelMarquesdaFonseca,ArquivoNacional/UniversidadeFederalFluminense(Brazil)VictoriaPeters,UniversityofStrathclyde(UnitedKingdom)DanielPitti(Chair/Président),UniversityofVirginiaInstituteforAdvancedTechnologyintheHumanities(UnitedStates)Bogdan-FlorinPopovici,ArhiveleNaţionalealeRomâniei(Romania)JavierE.RequejoZalama,MinisteriodeEducación,CulturayDeporte(Spain)StéphanieRoussel,ServiceinterministérieldesArchivesdeFrance(France)AaronRubinstein,UniversityofMassachusettsAmherst(UnitedStates)BillStockting,RoyalArchivesandLibrary(UnitedKingdom)MartinStuerzlinger,Archiversum(Austria)KatherineTimms,LibraryandArchivesCanada/BibliothèqueetArchivesCanada(Canada)SalvatoreVassallo,ArchivumRomanumSocietatisIesu(Italy)StefanoVitali,IstitutoCentralepergliArchivi(Italy)PastMembers

JaanaKilkki,NationalArchives(Finland)AliceMotte,ArchivesdépartementalesdesLandes(France)ClaireSibille,ServiceinterministérieldesArchivesdeFrance(France)



AppendixII:Bibliography1.StandardsandModels

ICAStandards

ISAAR(CPF):InternationalStandardArchivalAuthorityRecordforCorporateBodies,PersonsandFamilies,2ndEdition.(2011)(en),ISAAR(CPF):NormeInternationalesurlesnoticesd’autoritéutiliséespourlesArchivesrelativesauxcollectivités,auxpersonnesouauxfamilles,2èmeédition(fr)

ISAD(G):GeneralInternationalStandardArchivalDescription-Secondedition.(2011).ISAD(G):GeneralInternationalStandardArchivalDescription-Secondedition(en),ISAD(G):Normegénéraleetinternationalededescriptionarchivistique-Deuxièmeédition(fr)

ISDF:InternationalStandardforDescribingFunctions.(2011).ISDF:InternationalStandardforDescribingFunctions(en),ISDF:Normeinternationalepourladescriptiondesfonctions(fr)

ISDIAH:InternationalStandardforDescribingInstitutionswithArchivalHoldings.(2011).ISDIAH:InternationalStandardforDescribingInstitutionswithArchivalHoldings(en),ISDIAH:Normeinternationalepourladescriptiondesinstitutionsdeconservationdesarchives(fr)

ArchivalandRecordKeepingConceptualModels

ArchivesNewZealand.TS:TechnicalSpecificationsforElectronicRecordkeepingMetadataStandard.http://archives.govt.nz/ts-technical-specifications-electronic-recordkeeping-metadata-standard(en)

AS/NZSISO5478RecordkeepingMetadataPropertyReferenceSet(RMPRS).

CNEDA.Modeloconceptualdedescripciónarchivísticayrequisitosdedatosbásicosdelasdescripcionesdedocumentosdearchivo,agentesyfunciones.2012.http://www.mcu.es/archivos/docs/NEDA_MCDA_P1_P2_20120618.pdf(es)

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.ReportontheworkofCNEDA(2007-2012):towardaconceptualmodelforarchivaldescriptioninSpain(July11,2012).2012.http://www.mcu.es/archivos/docs/MC/CNEDA/ReportCNEDA_11_07_2012.pdf(en)

DLMForum.MoReq2010:ModularRequirementsforRecordsSystems.2016.http://moreq.info/

e-GMS-e-GovernmentMetadataStandardVersion3.029April2004.https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/7271/eGMS%20version%203.pdf(en)

International Council on Archives and Australasian Digital Records Initiative. Principles and FunctionalRequirements for Records in Electronic Office Environments, Modules 1-3, 2008, published athttp://www.ica.org.(AlsoadoptedasISO16175:2010/2011)

ISO15489:2016–Informationanddocumentation–Recordsmanagement–Part1:General.

ISO23081:2006–Informationanddocumentation–Recordsmanagementprocesses–Metadataforrecords.

Kilkki,Jaana,OutiHupaniittu,andPekkaHenttonen.Towardstheneweraofarchivaldescription-theFinnishApproach.2012.http://www.arkisto.fi/uploads/Arkistolaitos/Teht%C3%A4v%C3%A4t%20ja%20toiminta/Hankkeet/AHAA/The%20Finnish%20Conceptual%20Model%20of%20Archival%20Description_text.pdf(en)


NationalArchivesofAustralia.AustralianGovernmentRecordkeepingMetadataStandard.Version2.2.2015.http://www.naa.gov.au/Images/AGRkMS-Version-2.2-June-2015_tcm16-47131.pdf(en)

SPIRTResearchTeam.AustralianRecordkeepingMetadataSchema.Version1.0.2000.http://www.infotech.monash.edu.au/research/groups/rcrg/projects/spirt/deliverables/rkmsgen-tech-intro.pdf(en)

ArchivalDescriptiveContentStandards

CanadianCouncilofArchives.RulesforArchivalDescription(RAD).Revisedversion.2008.http://www.cdncouncilarchives.ca/RAD/RADComplete_July2008.pdf(en);http://www.cdncouncilarchives.ca/RAD/RDDAComplete_July2008.pdf(fr)

SocietyofAmericanArchivists.DescribingArchives:AContentStandard(DACS).2nded.2013.http://files.archivists.org/pubs/DACS-2007.pdf

ArchivalCommunicationStandards

EncodedArchivalContext-CorporateBodies,Persons,andFamilies(EAC-CPF).http://eac.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/index.php(en);http://www.archivesdefrance.culture.gouv.fr/gerer/classement/normes-outils/eac/(fr)

EncodedArchivalDescription(EAD).VersionEAD31.0.Schema:https://github.com/SAA-SDT/EAD3/releases/tag/v1.0.0;TagLibrary:http://www.loc.gov/ead/EAD3taglib/index.html

RelatedConceptualModelsandStandards

CIDOCConceptualReferenceModel.Version6.2.2.2016.http://www.cidoc-crm.org/official_release_cidoc.html(en);http://www.cidoc-crm.org/docs/crm_french_version.pdf(fr);officialISOstandardversion:21127:2006Informationanddocumentation–Areferenceontologyfortheinterchangeofculturalheritageinformation.http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=34424

Europeana.EuropeanaDataModelDocumentation.[2016].http://pro.europeana.eu/page/edm-documentation(en)

IFLA.FunctionalRequirementsforBibliographicRecords.2008.http://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/frbr/frbr_2008.pdf(en)http://www.bnf.fr/documents/frbr_rapport_final.pdf(fr)

IFLAWorkingGrouponFRBR/CRM.DraftdefinitionofFRBRoo.http://archive.ifla.org/VII/s13/wgfrbr/FRBRoo_V9.1_PR.pdf(en).

LODE:AnontologyforLinkingOpenDescriptionsofEvents.http://linkedevents.org/ontology/(en)

W3CProv[provenance].http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-overview-20130312/2.ArchivalProfessionalLiterature

Altman,B.,andJ.R.Nemmers.2001.“TheUsabilityofOnlineArchivalResources:ThePolarisProjectFindingAid.”


AmericanArchivist64(1):121-131.

AustralianSocietyofArchivists.2007.DescribingArchivesinContext:AGuidetoAustralasianPractice.Dickson:AustralianSocietyofArchivists.

AustralianSocietyofArchivists,PeterJ.Scott,andAdrianCunningham.2010.TheArrangementandDescriptionofArchivesAmidAdministrativeandTechnologicalChange:EssaysandReflectionsbyandAboutPeterJ.Scott.

Bailey,Jefferson.2013.“DisrespectdesFonds:RethinkingArrangementandDescriptioninBorn-DigitalArchives.”ArchiveJournal3.http://www.archivejournal.net/issue/3/archives-remixed/disrespect-des-fonds-rethinking-arrangement-and-description-in-born-digital-archives/

Barr,Debra.1987-1988.“TheFondsConceptintheWorkingGrouponArchivalDescriptiveStandardsReport.”Archivaria25:163-170.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1989.“Protectingprovenance:ResponsetotheReportoftheWorkingGrouponDescriptionattheFondsLevel.Archivaria28:141-145.

BartlettNancy.1991.“RespectdesFonds:TheOriginsoftheModernPrincipleofProvenance.”InBibliographicFoundationsofFrenchHistoricalStudies.Vol.1(1-2)ofPrimarySourcesandOriginalWorks.NewYork:HaworthPress.

Bastian,JeanetteAllis.2003-2004.“Ina‘HouseofMemory’:DiscoveringtheProvenanceofPlace.”ArchivalIssues28:9-19.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2006.“ReadingColonialRecordsthroughanArchivalLens:TheProvenanceofPlace,SpaceandCreation.”ArchivalScience6:267-284.

Bearman,David.1989.ArchivalMethods.Pittsburgh:ArchivesandMuseumInformatics.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1992.“DocumentingDocumentation.”Archivaria34:33-49.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1996.“ItemLevelControlandElectronicRecordkeeping.”ArchivesandMuseumInformatics10:195-245.

Bearman,David,andR.H.Lytle.1985-1986.“ThePowerofthePrincipleofProvenance.”Archivaria21:14-27.

Beattie,Heather.2009.“WhereNarrativesMeet:ArchivalDescription,Provenance,andWomen’sDiaries.”PapersfromtheThirdInternationalConferenceontheHistoryofRecordsandArchives.LibrariesandtheCulturalRecord44(1):82-100.

BergerStefan.2013."TheroleofnationalarchivesinconstructingnationalmasternarrativesinEurope",ArchivalScience,13,1:1-22.

Blouin,Jr.,Francis,andWilliamRosenberg.2013.ProcessingthePast.ContestingAuthorityinHistoryandtheArchives.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress.

Boles,Frank.1982.“DisrespectingOriginalOrder.”AmericanArchivist45(1):26-32.

BoutierRobertHenry,1968."Laphasecrucialedel'histoiredesarchives:laconstitutiondesdépotsd'archivesetlanaissancedel'archivistique(XVI-débutduXIXsiècle).",ArchivumXVIII:139-149.

BrennekeAdolf.1953.Archivkunde.EinBeitragzurThéorieundGeschichtedesEuropäischenArchivwesens,Leipzig:


KœhlerundAmelang.

Brothman,Brien.1991.“OrdersofValue:ProbingtheTheoreticalTermsofArchivalPractice.”Archivaria32:78-100.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1999.“DecliningDerrida:Integrity,Tensegrity,andthePreservationofArchivesfromDeconstruction.”Archivaria48:64-88.

Bruebach,Nils.2003.“ArchivalScienceinGermany–Traditions,DevelopmentsandPerspectives.”ArchivalScience3:379–399

CookMichael.1993.InformationManagementandArchivalData.London:LibraryAssociationPublishing.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1996.“TheInternationalDescriptiveStandards:NewDepartures.”Archivi&Computer6:259-266.

Cook,Terry.1992.“TheConceptoftheArchivalFonds:Theory,Description,andProvenanceinthePost-CustodialEra.”InTheArchivalFonds:FromTheorytoPractice,ed.T.Eastwood.Ottawa:BureauofCanadianArchivists.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1993.“What’sPastisPrologue:AHistoryofArchivalIdeassince1898,andtheFutureParadigmShift.”Archivaria43:17-63.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2001a.“ArchivalScienceandPostmodernism:NewFormulationsforOldConcepts.”ArchivalScience1:3-24.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2001b.“FashionableNonsenseorProfessionalRebirth:PostmodernismandthePracticeofArchives.”Archivaria51:14-35.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2006.“RememberingtheFuture:AppraisalofRecordsandtheRoleofArchivesinConstructingSocialMemory.”InArchives,Documentation,andInstitutionsofSocialMemory:EssaysfromtheSawyerSeminar,ed.F.X.BlouinandW.G.Rosenberg.AnnArbor:UniversityofMichiganPress.

CottaIreneandMannoToluRosaliaeds.1968.Archiviestorianell'EuropadelXIXsecolo:alleradicidell'identitàculturaleeuropea,Roma:MinisteroperiBenieleAttivitàculturali,Direzionegeneralepergliarchivi,2006.

Cox,R.J.2004.NoInnocentDeposits:FormingArchivesbyRethinkingAppraisal.Lanham:ScarecrowPress.

Cunningham,Adrian.2000a.“RecentDevelopmentsinStandardsforArchivalDescriptionandMetadata.”IASAJournal16:14-24.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2001b.“SixDegreesofSeparation:AustralianMetadataInitiativesandtheirRelationshipswithInternationalStandards.”ArchivalScience1:271-283.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2012.“PeterJ.ScottandtheAustralian‘Series’System:ItsOrigins,Features,Rationale,ImpactandContinuingRelevance.”InternationalCongressonArchives,Brisbane,Australia,23August2012.

Cunningham,Adrian,LauraMillar,andBarbaraReed.2013."PeterJ.ScottandtheAustralian‘series’system:itsorigins,features,rationale,impactandcontinuingrelevance."Comma2013(1),pp.121–144.

Davis,S.E.2003.“DescriptiveStandardsandtheArchivalProfession.”CatalogingandClassificationQuarterly35:291-308.

Dodge,Bernadine.2002.“AcrosstheGreatDivide:ArchivalDiscourseandRepresentationsofthePastinLate-


ModernSociety.”Archivaria53:16-30.

Douglas,Jennifer.2007.“DigitizationandtheArchivalRecord.”PaperpresentedattheAnnualMeetingoftheAssociationofCanadianArchivists,Kingston,Ontario.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2010.“Origins:EvolvingIdeasaboutthePrincipleofProvenance.”InCurrentsofArchivalThinking,byHeatherMacNeilandTerryEastwood.SantaBarbara,CA:LibrariesUnlimited.

Duchein,Michel.1977.“Lerespectdes fondsenarchivistique:Principesthéoriquesetproblèmespratiques.".LaGazettedesArchives97:71-96;

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1983.“TheoreticalPrinciplesandPracticalProblemsofRespectdesFondsinArchivalScience.”Archivaria16:64-82.

Duff,Wendy.M.2001.“EvaluatingMetadataonaMetalevel.”ArchivalScience1:285-294.

Duff,Wendy.M.,andK.M.Haworth.1990/1991.“TheReclamationofArchivalDescription:TheCanadianPerspective.”Archivaria31:26-35.

Duff,Wendy.M.,andP.Stoyanova.1998.“TransformingtheCrazyQuilt:ArchivalDisplaysfromaUsers’PointofView.”Archivaria45:44-79.

Duff,Wendy.M.,andV.Harris.2002.“StoriesandNames:ArchivalDescriptionasNarratingRecordsandConstructingMeanings.”ArchivalScience2:263-285.

Duranti,Luciana.1989."TheOdysseyofRecordsManagers."RecordsManagementQuarterly23,3and4(1989):3-11and3-11.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1993."OriginandDevelopmentoftheConceptofArchivalDescription,"Archivaria35:47-54.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1997."TheArchivalBond,"ArchivesandMuseumInformatics11,3-4:213-218.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1998.Diplomatics:NewUsesforanOldScience.Chicago:SAA,ACAandScarecrowPress.

Duranti,Luciana,FranksPatricia,eds.2015.EncyclopediaofArchivalScience.Lanham,MD:Rowman&LittlefieldPublishingGroup.

Eastwood,Terry.1990.“PuttingthePartsoftheWholeTogether:ASystematicApproachtoAccesstoInformationfromtheArchivesofContemporaryAdministration.”PaperdeliveredataSeminaronArrangementandDescriptionofArchives,Weimar.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1992.“Generalintroduction.”InTheArchivalFonds:FromTheorytoPractice,ed.T.Eastwoood.Ottawa:BureauofCanadianArchivists.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2000.“PuttingthePartsoftheWholeTogether:SystematicArrangementofArchives.”Archivaria50:93-116.

Evans,Joanne,S.McKemmish,andK.Bhoday.2005.“CreateOnce,UseManyTimes:TheCleverUseofRecordkeepingMetadataforMultipleArchivalPurposes.”ArchivalScience5(1):17-42.

Evans,Max.J.1986.“AuthorityControl:AnAlternativetotheRecordGroupConcept.”AmericanArchivist49(3):249-261.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2007.“ArchivesofthePeople,BythePeople,ForthePeople.”AmericanArchivist70(2):387-400.


Fenyo,M.D.1966.“TheRecordGroupConcept:ACritique.”AmericanArchivist29(2):229-239.

Fischer,G.L.1973.“LettingtheArchivalDustSettle:SomeRemarksontheRecordGroupConcept.”JournaloftheSocietyofArchivists4:640-645.

Gilliland,Anne,N.Rouche,L.Lindberg,andJ.Evans.2005.“Towardsa21stCenturyMetadataInfrastructureSupportingtheCreation,PreservationandUseofTrustworthyRecords:DevelopingtheInterPARES2MetadataSchemaRegistry.”ArchivalScience5(1):43-78.

Gilliland-Swetland,Anne.J.2001.“PopularizingtheFindingAid:ExploitingEADtoEnhanceOnlineDiscoveryandRetrievalinArchivalInformationSystemsbyDiverseUserGroups.”InEncodedArchivalDescriptionontheInternet,ed.D.V.PittiandW.M.Duff.NewYork:HaworthPress.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2000.EnduringParadigm,NewOpportunities:TheValueoftheArchivalPerspectiveintheDigitalEnvironment.Washington,D.C.:CouncilonInformationandLibraryResources.

Greene,Mark.A.,andD.Meissner.2005.“MoreProduct,LessProcess:RevampingTraditionalArchivalProcessing.”AmericanArchivist68(2):208-263.

Gueguen, Gretchen, V. M. Marques da Fonseca, D. Pitti, and C. Sibille-de Grimoüard. 2013. “Toward anInternational Conceptual Model for Archival Description: A Preliminary Report from the InternationalCouncilonArchives'ExpertsGrouponArchivalDescription."TheAmericanArchivist76(2):567-584

GuercioMaria.1993.“ArchivalTheoryandthePrincipleofProvenanceforCurrentRecords:TheirImpactonArrangingandInventoryingElectronicRecords,”inSwedishNationalArchives,ThePrincipleofProvenance:ReportfromtheFirstStockholmConferenceonArchivalTheoryandthePrincipleofProvenance,2–3September1993(Stockholm,1994).

Haworth,K.M.1992.“ThePrinciplesSpeakforThemselves:ArticulatingaLanguageofPurposeforArchives.”InTheArchivalImagination:EssaysinHonourofHughA.Taylor,ed.B.L.Craig.Ottawa:AssociationofCanadianArchivists.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1993.“TheVoyageofRAD:FromtheOldWorldtotheNew.”Archivaria36:5-12.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2001.“ArchivalDescription:ContentandContextinSearchofStructure.”InEncodedArchivalDescriptionontheInternet,ed.D.V.PittiandW.M.Duff.NewYork:HaworthPress.

Hedstrom,M.1993.“DescriptivePracticesforElectronicRecords:DecidingwhatisEssentialandImaginingwhatisPossible.”Archivaria36:53-63.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2002.“Archives,Memory,andInterfaceswiththePast.”ArchivalScience2:21-43.

HensenS. L.1989.PersonalPapers,andManuscripts:ACataloguingManual forArchivalRepositories.HistoricalSocieties,andManuscriptLibraries.Chicago:SocietyofAmericanArchivists.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2001.“ArchivalCatalogingandtheInternet:TheImplicationsandImpactofEAD.”InEncodedarchivaldescriptionontheinternet,ed.D.V.PittiandW.M.Duff.NewYork:HaworthPress.

Holmes,Oliver.W.1964.“ArchivalArrangement:FiveDifferentOperationsatFiveDifferentLevels.”AmericanArchivist27(1):21-41.

Horsman,Peter.1994.“TamingtheElephant:AnOrthodoxApproachtothePrincipleofProvenance.”InThePrincipleofProvenance:ReportfronttheFirstStockholmConferenceonArchivalTheoryandthePrincipleofProvenance,September2-3,1993,ed.K.AbukhanfusaandJ.Sydbeck.Stockholm:Riksarkivet.


⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1999a.“ArchivalDescriptionfromaDistantView.”http://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/asa/stama/conf/WWKHorsman.htm.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1999b.“DirtyHands:ANewPerspectiveontheOriginalOrder.”ArchivesandManuscripts27:42-53.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2002.“TheLastDanceofthePhoenix,orTheDe-discoveryoftheArchivalFonds.”Archivaria54:1-23.

HurleyChris.1994.“TheAustralian‘Series’System:AnExposition.”InTheRecordsContinuum:IanMacleanandAustralianArchivesFirstFiftyYears,ed.S.McKemmishandM.Piggott.Clayton:AncoraPress.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1995.ProblemswithProvenance.ArchivesandManuscripts23:234-259.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1995."AmbientFunctions-AbandonedChildrentoZoos."Archivaria40:21-39.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1996.“BeatingtheFrench,”ArchivesandManuscripts24,1:12-18.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1998.“TheMakingandtheKeepingofRecords:(1)WhatAreFindingAidsfor?”ArchivesandManuscripts26,1:58-77

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2000.“TheMakingandtheKeepingofRecords:(2)TheTyrannyofListing.”ArchivesandManuscripts28:8-23.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2002.“RelationshipsinRecords.”InNewZealandArchivistSummer,4:6-9.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2005.“ParallelProvenance[Seriesofparts]:Part1:What,ifanything,isarchivaldescription?”ArchivesandManuscripts33:110-145.

ICA/CBPS.2012a.“CBPS-ProgressReportforRevisingandHarmonisingICADescriptiveStandards.”http://www.ica.org/en/cbps-progress-report-revising-and-harmonising-ica-descriptive-standards

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2012b.“CBPS-RelationshipsinArchivalDescriptiveSystems.”http://www.ica.org/en/cbps-relationship-archival-descriptive-systems

INTERPARESprojectfindings(1:1998-2001;2:2002-2007;3:2007-2012;4:2013-2018).http://www.interpares.org/

Jenkinson,Hilary.1937.AManualofArchiveAdministrationIncludingtheProblemsofWarArchivesandArchiveMaking.2nded.London:P.Lund,Humphries.

JinfangNiu.2013a.“Provenance:CrossingBoundaries.”ArchivesandManuscripts41:2,105-115.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯. 2013b. “Recordkeeping Metadata and Archival Description: A Revisit.” Archives and Manuscripts41(3):203-251.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯2015.“OriginalOrderintheDigitalWorld.”ArchivesandManuscripts43:1,61-72

KetelaarEric.2001.“TacitNarratives:TheMeaningofArchives.”ArchivalScience1:131-141.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2002.“ArchivalTemples,ArchivalPrisons:ModesofPowerandProtection.”ArchivalScience2:221-238

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2005.“Sharing:CollectedMemoriesinCommunitiesofRecords.”ArchivesandManuscripts33:44-61.

Koltun,Lily.1999.“ThePromiseandThreatofDigitalOptionsinanArchivalAge.”Archivaria44:114-135.

Kooyman,S.M.1994.“RADandtheResearcher.”Archivaria37:104-110.


KrauseM.G.andE.Yakel.2007."InteractioninVirtualArchives:ThePolarBearExpeditionDigitalCollectionsNextGenerationFindingAid.”TheAmericanArchivist70(2):282-314.

Krawczyk, Bob. 1999. “Cross Reference Heaven: The Abandonment of the Fonds as the Primary Level ofArrangementforOntarioGovernmentRecords.”Archivaria48:131–153.

Lemieux,Victoria.2001.“LettheGhostsSpeak:AnEmpiricalExplorationofthe‘Nature’oftheRecord.”Archivaria51:81-111.

Light,M.2007.“MovingBeyondtheName:DefiningCorporateEntitiestoSupportProvenance-BasedAccess.”JournalofArchivalOrganization5:49-74.

Light,M.andT.Hyry.2002.“ColophonsandAnnotations:NewDirectionsfortheFindingAid.”AmericanArchivist65(2):216-230.

Livelton,Trevor.1996.ArchivalTheory,RecordsandthePublic.Landham,MI:SocietyofAmericanArchivists.

Lodolini,Elio.2005.Archivistica:Principieproblemi.12thed.Milano:F.Angeli.

Lytle,R.H.1980a.“IntellectualAccesstoArchives:I.ProvenanceandContentIndexingMethodsofSubjectRetrieval.”AmericanArchivist43(1):64-75.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1980b.“IntellectualAccesstoArchives:II.ReportofanExperimentComparingProvenanceandContentIndexingMethodsofSubjectRetrieval.”AmericanArchivist43(2):191-207.

MacNeil, Heather, 1992. “The Context is All: Describing a Fonds and its Parts in Accordancewith the Rules forArchivalDescription,”inTheArchivalFonds:FromTheorytoPractice,TerryEastwood,ed.Ottawa,BureauofCanadianArchivists,PlanningCommitteeonDescriptiveStandards.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1995.“MetadataStrategiesandArchivalDescription:ComparingApplestoOranges.”Archivaria39:22-32.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1996.“TheImplicationsoftheUBCResearchResultsforArchivalDescriptioninGeneralandtheCanadianRulesforArchivalDescriptioninParticular.”Archivi&Computer6:239-246.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2005.“PickingourText:ArchivalDescription,Authenticity,andtheArchivistasEditor.”AmericanArchivist68(2):265-278.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2006.“Touchstones:ConsideringtheRelationshipbetweenMemoryandArchives.”Archivaria61:105-126.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2008.“Archivalterity:RethinkingOriginalOrder.”Archivaria66:1-24.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2009.“TrustingDescription:Authenticity,Accountability,andArchivalDescriptionStandards.”JournalofArchivalOrganization7:89-107.

Malin,G.2002.“DigitizeThis!TheImpactofDigitalCollectionsonArchivalDescription.”JournalofArchivalOrganization1:65-76.

McKemmish,Sue.1994.“AreRecordsEverActual?”InTheRecordsContinuum:IanMacleanandAustralianArchivesFirstFiftyYears,ed.S.McKemmishandM.Piggott.Clayton:AncoraPress.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2001.“PlacingRecordsContinuumTheoryandPractice.”ArchivalScience1(4):333-359.

McKemmish,Sue,G.Acland,N.Ward,andB.Reed.1999.“DescribingRecordsinContextintheContinuum:The


AustralianRecordkeepingMetadataSchema.”Archivaria48:3-43.

McKemmish,Sue,andD.Parer.1998.“TowardsFrameworksforStandardisingRecordkeepingMetadata.”ArchivesandManuscripts26:24-45.

McKemmish,Sue,A.Gilliland-Swetland,andE.Ketelaar.2005.“‘CommunitiesofMemory’:PluralisingArchivalResearchandEducationAgendas.”ArchivesandManuscripts33:146-175.

Meehan,Jennifer.2009.“MakingtheLeapfromPartstoWhole:EvidenceandInferenceinArchivalArrangementandDescription.”TheAmericanArchivist,72(1):72-90

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2010.“RethinkingOriginalOrderandPersonalRecords.”Archivaria70:27-44.

Menne-Haritz,A.1994.“AppraisalorSelection:CanaContentOrientedAppraisalbeHarmonizedwiththePrincipleofProvenance?”InThePrincipleofProvenance:ReportfromtheFirstStockholmConferenceonArchivalTheoryandthePrincipleofProvenance,September2-3,1993,ed.K.AbukhanfusaandJ.Sydbeck.Stockholm:Riksarkivet.

Michetti,Giovanni.2012.“ArchivesAreNotTrees.HierarchicalRepresentationsinDigitalEnvironment.”TheMemoryoftheWorldintheDigitalAge:DigitizationandPreservation.AnInternationalConferenceonPermanentAccesstoDigitalDocumentaryHeritage.Vancouver,BritishColumbia,Canada.

Millar,Laura.2002.“TheDeathoftheFondsandtheResurrectionofProvenance:ArchivalContextinSpaceandTime.”Archivaria53:1-15.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2006.“AnObligationofTrust:SpeculationsonAccountabilityandDescription.”AmericanArchivist69(1):60-78.

Muller,Samuel,J.A.Feith,andR.Fruin.2003.TheManualfortheArrangementandDescriptionofArchives.2nded.,trans.byArthurH.Leavitt.Chicago:SocietyofAmericanArchivists.

NesmithTom.1993a.“Introduction,”inCanadianArchivalStudiesandtheRediscoveryofProvenance,ed.byTomNesmith.Metuchen,NJ:SocietyofAmericanArchivists.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1993b.“ArchivalStudiesinEnglish-SpeakingCanadaandtheNorthAmericanRediscoveryofProvenance.”InCanadianArchivalStudiesandtheRediscoveryofProvenance,ed.T.Nesmith.Metuchen:ScarecrowPress.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1999.“StillFuzzybutMoreAccurate:SomeThoughtsonthe‘Ghosts’ofArchivalTheory.”Archivaria47:136-150.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2002.“SeeingArchives:PostmodernismandtheChangingIntellectualPlaceofArchives.”AmericanArchivist65(1):24-41.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2005.“ReopeningArchives:BringingNewContextualitiesintoArchivalTheoryandPractice.”Archivaria60:259-274.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2006.“TheConceptofSocietalProvenanceandRecordsofNineteenth-CenturyAboriginal-EuropeanRelationsinWesternCanada:ImplicationsforArchivalTheoryandPractice.”ArchivalScience6(3-4):351-360.

Nordland,LoriPodolski.2001.“TheConceptof‘Secondaryprovenance’:Re-interpretingAckomokki’sMapasEvolvingText.”Archivaria58:147-159.

Ottosson,P.2006.“AuthorityFileInformationinArchives.”InternationalCataloguingandBibliographicControl


35:57-58.

Peters,V.2005.“DevelopingArchivalContextStandardsforFunctionsintheHigherEducationSector.”JournaloftheSocietyofArchivists26:75-85.

Piggot,Michael.2005a.“Archivesandmemory.”InArchives:Recordkeepinginsociety,ed.bySueMcKemmishandBarbaraReed.WaggaWagga,NSW:CentreforInformationStudies,CharlesSturtUniversity.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2005b.“BuildingCollectiveMemoryArchives.”ArchivesandManuscripts33:62-83.

Piggott,Michael,andS.McKemmish.2002.Recordkeeping,ReconciliationandPoliticalReality,http://www.sims.monash.edu.au/research/rcrg/publications/piggottmckemmish2002.pdf

Pitti,DanielV.1999.“EncodedArchivalDescription:AnIntroductionandOverview.”D-LibMagazine5(11).http://dlib.org/dlib/november99/11pitti.html

Pitti,DanielV.,andW.M.Duff,eds.2001.EncodedArchivalDescriptionontheInternet.NewYork:HaworthPress.

Pohjola,Raimo.1994.“ThePrincipleofProvenanceandtheArrangementofRecords/Archives.”InThePrincipleofProvenance:ReportfromtheFirstStockholmConferenceontheArchivalPrincipleofProvenance,September2-3,1993.Stockholm:SwedishNationalArchives.

Posner,Ernst.2006a.“MaxLehmannandtheGenesisofthePrincipleofProvenance.”InArchivesandthePublicInterest,ed.byKenMunden.Chicago:SocietyofAmericanArchivists.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2006b.“SomeAspectsofArchivalDevelopmentsincetheFrenchRevolution.”InArchivesandthePublicInterest,ed.byKenMunden.Chicago:SocietyofAmericanArchivists.

Powell,GraemeT.1976.“ArchivalPrinciplesandtheTreatmentofPersonalPapers.”ArchivesandManuscripts6:259-268.

Procter,M.,andM.Cook.2000.AManualofArchivalDescription,3rded.Aldershot:Gower.

Prom,Chris.2004.“UserInteractionswithElectronicFindingAidsinaControlledSetting.”AmericanArchivist67(2):234-268.

Ricci,IsabellaMassabòandM.Carassi,eds.2000.ScrittidiTeoriaArchivisticaItaliana.RassegnaBibliografica.Roma:Ministeroperibenieleattivitaculturali,UfficiocentraleperIbeniarchivistici.

Roper,M.1992.“TheDevelopmentofthePrinciplesofProvenanceandRespectforOriginalOrderinthePublicRecordOffice.”InTheArchivalImagination:EssaysinHonourofHughA.Taylor,ed.B.L.Craig.Ottawa:AssociationofCanadianArchivists.

Savoja,Maurizio,andVitali,Stefano.2007.“AuthorityControlforCreatorsinItaly:TheoryandPractice.”JournalofArchivalOrganization5:121-147.

Schmandt-Besserat,Denise.1996.HowWritingCameAbout.Austin:UniversityofTexasPress.

Scheir,W.2005.“FirstEntry:ReportonaQualitativeExploratoryStudyofNoviceUserExperiencewithOnlineFindingAids.”JournalofArchivalOrganization3:49-85.

Schellenberg,T.R.1956.ModernArchives:PrinciplesandTechniques.Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress.


⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1965.TheManagementofArchives.NewYork:ColumbiaUniversityPress.

Scott,Peter.J.1966.“TheRecordGroupConcept:ACaseforAbandonment.”AmericanArchivist29(4):493-504.

Scott,PeterJ.,G.Finlay,C.D.Smith,H.Rowell.1978-1981.“ArchivesandAdministrativeChange:SomeMethodsandApproaches”,Part1-5,ArchivesandManuscripts.Part1in7:Vol.7,No.3(August1978),pp.115–127;Part2in7:Vol.7,No.4(April1979),pp.151–165.Part3in7:Vol.8,No.1(June1980),pp.41–54.Part4in7:Vol.8,No.2(December1980),pp.51–69.Part5in7:Vol.9,No.1(September1981),pp.3–18.

Sexton,Anna,andC.Turner.2003.“ExpandingtheRoleofEAD:ProvidingAdequateMetadataforDigitalaswellasOriginalArchiveDocuments.”Vine32(4):71-80.

Stibbe,HugoL.P.1992.“ImplementingtheConceptofFonds:PrimaryAccessPoint,MultilevelDescriptionandAuthorityControl.”Archivaria34:109-137.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1998.“StandardisingDescription:TheExperienceofUsingISAD(G).”Janus1:132-152.

Sweeney,Shelley.2008.“TheAmbiguousOriginsoftheArchivalPrincipleofProvenance.”LibrariesandtheCulturalRecord43:193-213.

Szary,RichardV.1985.“ExpandingtheRoleofAuthorityFilesintheArchivalContext.”Paperpresentedatsemi-annualmeetingofAnnualMeetingofSocietyofAmericanArchivists,November1,1985.

Tamble,Donato.2001.“ArchivalTheoryinItalyToday.”ArchivalScience1:83-100.

Taylor,HughA.1983.“TheCollectiveMemory:ArchivesandLibrariesasHeritage.”Archivaria15:118-130.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.1995.“’Heritage’Revisited:DocumentsasArtifactsintheContextofMuseumsandMaterialCulture,”Archivaria40:8-20.

SwedishNationalArchives.1993.ThePrincipleofProvenance:ReportfromtheFirstStockholmConferenceontheArchivalPrincipleofProvenance,September2-3,1993.Stockholm.

Thomassen,TheoH.P.M.1999.“TheDevelopmentofArchivalScienceanditsEuropeanDimension.”InTheArchivistandtheArchivalScience:SeminarforAnnaChristinaUlfsparreFebruary10-11,1999attheSwedishNationalArchives.Lund:LandsarkivetsILund.

VanCamp,A.2001.“ProvidingUnifiedAccesstoInternationalPrimaryResourcesintheHumanities.”InEncodedArchivalDescriptionontheInternet,ed.D.V.PittiandW.M.Duff.NewYork:HaworthPress.

Vitali,Stefano.1998.“SurfingwithoutGoingoffCourse:AnArchivalDescriptionSystemfortheInternet.”InElectronicAccess:ArchivesintheNewMillennium,ConferenceProceedingsJune1-4,1998.London:PublicRecordOffice.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2002.“TheArchiveattheTimeofitsInstitution:TheCentralArchiveofFrancescoBonaini.”InTheFlorenceStateArchive:ThirteenCenturiesofHistoricalRecords,ed.byRosalieMannoTuloandAnnaBellinazzi.Florence:NardiniEditore.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2006.“WhatAretheBoundariesofArchivalContext?TheSIASFIProjectandtheOnlineGuidetotheFlorenceStateArchives,”JournalofArchivalOrganization,3,2-3:243-260.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2014.“Ladescrizionearchivisticaaltempodeglistandardedeisistemiinformatici”,inArchivistica.Teorie,metodi,pratiche,MariaGuercioandLindaGiuvaeds.Roma:Carocci:179-210


Wallace,D.1995.“ManagingthePresent:MetadataasArchivalDescription.”Archivaria39:11-21.

Westbrook,B.D.2002.“ProspectingVirtualCollections.”JournalofArchivalOrganization1:73-80.

Wurl,Joel.2005.“EthnicityasProvenance:InSearchofValuesandPrinciplesforDocumentingtheImmigrantExperience.”ArchivalIssues29:65-76.

Yakel,Elizabeth.2003.“ArchivalRepresentation.”ArchivalScience3:1-25.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2004.“EncodedArchivalDescription:AreFindingAidsBoundarySpannersorBarriersforUsers?”JournalofArchivalOrganization2(1):63-77.

Yeo,Geoffrey.2005.“UnderstandingUsersandUse:AMarketSegmentationApproach.”JournaloftheSocietyofArchivists26:25-53.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2007.“ConceptsofRecord(1):Evidence,Information,andPersistentRepresentations.”AmericanArchivist70(2):315-43.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2008.“ConceptsofRecord(2):PrototypesandBoundaryObjects.”AmericanArchivist71(1):118-43.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2009.“CustodialHistory,Provenance,andtheDescriptionofPersonalRecords.”LibrariesandtheCulturalRecord44(1):50-64.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2010“DebatesaboutDescription.”InCurrentsofArchivalThinking,ed.byHeatherMacNeilandTerryEastwood.SantaBarbara,CA:LibrariesUnlimited.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯.2012.“TheConceptualFondsandthePhysicalCollection.”Archivaria73:43-80.