Improving IMPRINT Training

Performance Moderators 06 December 05

Dee H. Andrews, Ph.D., ST

Patricia C. Fitzgerald, M.S.

Gerald P. Chubb, Ph.D. Air Force Research Laboratory

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Overview

• Overview and objectives of IMPRINT Research Effort

• Participants

• Research Design

• Application Considerations

• Related Efforts

• Related Activities and Possible Follow-On Research

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Enhancing Training Impacts in IMPRINT

• Congressional Add awarded to AFRL

• Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) specified as a platform of interest by Congress

• Contract awarded to Micro Analysis & Design

13 July 2005

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IMPRINT Project Objectives

• Near Term: Enhance Training Effects algorithms in IMPRINT

– Initial Knowledge / Skill Acquisition

– Decay with Subsequent Non-use

– Recovery with Practice, Exercise, and Re-use

• Long Term: Get AF Systems Program Offices (SPOs) in AFMC Using IMPRINT

– On UCAV and Other Future Systems

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IMPRINT Participants

Current Participants

Micro Analysis & Design

AFRL/HEA is providing technical guidance

Army Research Lab is following the effort

Creech AFB, NV is providing Predator training expertise

Anticipated Participants

Predator SPO & AFRL HQ

• Human Effectiveness Directorate HFE Labs

• Avionics Lab and Air Vehicle Designers

• Advanced Sensors & Reconnaissance

Redstone Arsenal: MUSE S/W Development

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Research Overview

• Conduct empirical research to determine the effects of amount and type of training on performance

• Use collected data to improve IMPRINT predictions of the effects of training on performance

• Participants: ROTC students at the University of Colorado

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Research Platform

• Research platform is a UAS Synthetic Task Environment

• Adapted from the Multi Task Trainer used at Creech AFB for Predator vehicle and sensor operator training

• Three tasks

– Basic Maneuvering

– Reconnaissance

– Landing

• Basic self-paced tutorial for each task

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Research Design

64 Subjects

32 Subjects

Basic level tutorial training

32 Subjects

Higher Order tutorial training

16 Subjects 25% Overtraining

16 Subjects

no Overtraining

16 Subjects

25% Overtraining

16 Subjects

no Overtraining

30 day retention interval

75 day retention interval

30 day retention interval

75 day retention interval

30 day retention interval

75 day retention interval

30 day retention interval

75 day retention interval

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Research Design

Independent Variables

• Quality of training design

– Self-paced tutorial, test, simulator trials

• Basic training program

• Enhanced self-paced training program

– Instructional systems design principles

–Gagne’s Domains of Learning

• Intellectual, Cognitive, Information, Attitude, Motor Skill

–Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction

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Research Design

Independent Variables

• Overtraining (Reconnaissance task)

– No overtraining (practice to asymptote)

– Additional 25% practice time beyond asymptotic performance

• Retention Intervals

– 30 days

– 75 days

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Research Design

Phase One - Learning Curves

• Randomly assign participants to the Basic or Enhanced training programs

• Complete Basic Maneuvering training

• Conduct simulator trials until criterion performance is reached

• Complete Reconnaissance training

• Conduct simulator trials until asymptote is reached

• Participants randomly assigned to the overtraining condition continue trials (25% more time on trials)

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Research Design

Phase Two – Learning Retention

• Participants, randomly assigned to the retention intervals, will return to perform the Reconnaissance task

• Performance data will be collected

• Length of time to return to asymptotic performance will be collected

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Other Efforts Related to the IMPRINT Project

• AFRL/HEC UAV Work

– Mark Draper et al.: HFE Studies of UAVs

– Ed Martin: IMPRINT UAV Models via CART

• Author – Connecting IMPRINT with MUSE

• ACT-R Modeling: Kevin Gluck & Jerry Ball

• MA&D Efforts for ARI & Others

– Previous UAV Modeling

– Univ. of CO MURI & CTA Effort

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Possible Future AFRL/HEA Research and Collaboration Activities

• Collaboration and additional training research studies

– Verification and Validation

– University of Colorado MURI

– Embry Riddle Aeronautical University (NASA sponsored UAS research)

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Questions or Comments?

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Extra slide

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Gagne’s Events of Instruction

• Gain Attention

• Inform Learner of Objectives

• Stimulate recall of prerequisites

• Present stimulus materials

• Provide learning guidance

• Elicit the performance

• Provide feedback

• Assess performance

• Enhance retention and transfer