HCI and CSCW in DigitalLibrary Environments
Alessio MaliziaPictorial Computing Lab.Computer Science Dept.
Univ. “La Sapienza” of Rome
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Outline
• Problem• Approach• MetaModel• Generative System• Demo session• Case Studies• Conclusion and Future Work
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Problems
• Hot research topic but lack of general models for Digital Libraries (DLs)
• Little focus on simplifying the process of modeling and building DL services
• Divergent DL architectures– Monolithic: Tightly integrated and generally inflexible– Componentized: A network of interoperable
components aggregated without a design methodology
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Problems (contd.)
• Lack of DL-specific modeling languages, software toolkits, prototyping and CASE tools
• Lack of a scenario-based requirements analysis and design approach to DLs
• Implication: Problems with• Interoperability• Customizability
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Related works
• Taxonomies– Fox et al. Digital libraries: Introduction, Commun. ACM 44 (2001), no. 5, 30–32.
• Collaboration– Reyes-Farfán, N. and Sánchez, J. A. 2003. Personal spaces in the context of OAI.
In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries(Houston, Texas, May 27 - 31, 2003). International Conference on DigitalLibraries. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, 182-183.
• Formal Modeling– Gonçalves, M. A., Fox, E. A., Watson, L. T., and Kipp, N. A. 2004. Streams,
structures, spaces, scenarios, societies (5s): A formal model for digital libraries. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. 22, 2 (Apr. 2004)
• Graph Transformation and Code Generation– Karsten Ehrig, Claudia Ermel, Stefan Hänsgen, Gabriele Taentzer: Towards Graph
Transformation Based Generation of Visual Editors Using Eclipse. Electr. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci. 127(4): 127-143 (2005)
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Approach
• Based on a formal meta-model
• Use of – Domain-specific declarative languages – Society-based analysis and design – Componentized architectures
• Automatic transformations/mappings from models to code
• Special attention paid to issues of flexibility, reusability, and extensibility
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Approach: CRADLE
• We aim to help – Digital libraries experts, such as:
• librarians• Information architects• domain experts
• CRADLE is a digital library systems generator– Generative and based on visual modeling
• Based on a formal meta-model– No programming effort required
• Automatic transformations/mappings from models to code– Componentized architectures
• Domain-specific declarative languages • Template based
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ACTOR
Role, Status, Events
SERVICE
Name,Sync,Events,Responses
STRUCT
Document,Id,Type,Values
DOCUMENT
Label,Structure
COLLECTION
Name,Documents
Node
Link TypeKind_of
Contains
Returncollection
Operationget, add,del
Seq
InfSeqbuffer
ConcInfConcbuffer
BehaviourEvent,Status
onEventevent
onResponseresponse
TaskEvent,Alert
CRADLEMeta-Model
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Overview Architecture for DL Modeling and Generation
CradleMeta
ModelAtom3
DL Expert
DL Designer
CradleDL
Models
CradleGen
Practitioner
Researcher
TailoredDL
Services
Teacher
componentpool
Search,Browse,Index,…….
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CRADLE: ArchitectureDL
Designer
CRADLELibGen
SocietyModel
Societiesconverter
JavaClassesModel
UMLSynthesizedStatechart
JavaController
Class
import
import
ComponentPool
Browse Service
Java
Wrapping
SerachService
Java
WrappingXULUser
InterfaceView
WebDesigner
DLServices Implementation
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ATOM3
• AToM3 is a tool for multi-paradigm modellingunder development at the Modelling, Simulationand Design Lab (MSDL) in the School of Computer Science of McGill University.
• AToM3 stands for ``A Tool for Multi-formalismand Meta-Modelling''.
• The two main tasks of AToM3 are meta-modellingand model-transforming.
• http://moncs.cs.mcgill.ca/MSDL/research/projects/AToM3/
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XUL
• XUL is a powerful language that lets you quickly develop client software
• XUL is used by Mozilla Firefox, Thunderbird and other software projects.
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XUL features
• XML Syntax• Flexible Box Model• Wide array of application controls• Data binding• Rich set of platform services• Development supported across numerous platforms• Scripting and flexibility with implementation language• Tools for section 508 accessibility compliance• Localizability• Tested and deployed to millions of people
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Demo session
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Multimodal Applications
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Conference Model
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M3G
• Modeling Mobile Graphics– Advantages
• Scene Graph• Automatic code generation
– Limitations• Visual Editors
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Evolution: VisMODLE
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Re-defining the ModelingEnvironment
1. Complete VisMODLE Metamodel
2. VisMODLE dimensions (viewpoints)
consistency
3. Structural dimension
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The Modeling Environment
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The Modeling Environment
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The Modeling Environment
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The Modeling Environment
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The Modeling Environment
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Conclusion
• Introduced a society-based approach to the generation of componentized DLs
• Applied the CRADLE Framework for generation of DLs
• Demonstrated that complex DLs can be built on the basis of a formal theory
• Adherence to open standards (XUL, XML, UML) and established design patterns ensures relevance and extensibility of our work.
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Future Work
• Improvements to CRADLE Framework architecture– Scalability of the generated DLs and DL
services– Support for transaction scoping and error
handling– XDoclet (Attribute-Oriented Programming)– Introduction of Awareness
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Acknowledgments
• ATOM3
• Paolo Bottoni• Juan de Lara and Esther Guerra• EC's Human Potential Programme under contract HPRN-
CT-2002-00275, SegraVis, and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education, projects MD2 (TIC200303654) and MOSAIC (TSI2005-08225-C07-06)
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Q & A