Content:
1. Definition
2. Distinguish between creativity and innovation
3. Measuring Creativity
4. Creativity in various context
5. Fostering Creativity
6. Enhancing Creativity
7. Creativity Techniques
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Definition
• “Creativity is defined as the tendency to generate or recognize ideas, alternatives, or possibilities that may be useful in solving problems, communicating with others, and entertaining ourselves and others.” – Robert E. Franken, Human Motivation
• “Creativity is generating new ideas and concepts, or making connections between ideas where none previously existed.” –Mitchell Rigie and Keith Harmeyer, SmartStorming
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• “Creativity is seeing what everyone else has
seen, and thinking what no one else has
thought.” – Einstein, quoted in Creativity,
Design and Business Performance
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Distinguish between creativity and
innovation
• Creativity is typically used to refer to the act
of producing new ideas, approaches or actions.
• Innovation is the process of both generating
and applying such creative ideas in some
specific context.
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• Creativity is what happens when you are brainstorming ways to solve a problem.
• Innovation requires taking action and often refers to something that has been created and put to the test.
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• innovation "begins with creative ideas,„
• "...creativity by individuals and teams isa starting point for innovation; the firstis a necessary but not sufficientcondition for the second.„
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Measuring Creativity
• How to Measure Creativity? Or What is Creativity
Quotient??
– Guilford's Psychometric approach
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Psychologist J. P. Guilford devised four measures of a person's divergent production. Each of the measures can be practiced and improved, and each focuses on creative output in the context of a prompt that asks for a quantity of responses.
• Fluency: how many responses
• Flexibility: how many types of responses
• Originality: the unusualness of the responses
• Elaboration: the detail of the responses
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Creativity in various contextRole of Creativity in Organizational
Growth• Generation of ideas for new technologies
• Generation of ideas for improvement in Product / ServiceDesign like
– for more value addition
– for simplification,
– for adding more features,
– for standardization
– for ergonomic considerations (enhancing humanconvenience in use)
– for improving product reliabilty
– for increasing product life cycle
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Role of Creativity in
Organizational Growth
• Generation of ideas for improvement in Process Design
like
– for smooth flow of materials
– for increasing ease in manufacturing
– for reducing work-in-process inventories
– for reducing wastages
– for improving quality
– for improving process efficiency
– for improving safety
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Role of Creativity in
Organizational Growth
• Generation of ideas for improvement in
machines, tools etc.
• Generation of ideas for converting process
waste into useful byproduct
• Generation of ideas for improvement in
productive capacity
• Generation of ideas for improvement in
Human Resources
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Fostering Creativity
• Eliminate criticism
• Encourage “brainwriting”
• Create a culture that rewards ideas
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Enhancing Creativity
Open your mind to unexplored paths.
Read more.
Tell stories.
Be curious.
Don’t be afraid to try something
new.
Expand your interests.
Develop your talents.
Spend time with creative people.
Look at things differently.
Condition your mind to relax through meditation techniques.
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Creativity Techniques
1. Classical Brainstorming
2. Brain Writing
3. Mind Mapping
4. Five Ws and H
5. SCAMPER
6. Analogies
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Classical Brainstorming
• The basis of Brainstorming is generating
ideas in a group situation based on the
principle of suspending. The generation
phase is separate from the judgment
phase of thinking.
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Basic rules for Brainstorming are:
The facilitator writes down all the ideas on a large
sheet of paper or board;
The participants call their spontaneous ideas as a
reaction on the problem definition
The participants associate on each others ideas;
The participants do not express
their critics on each others
ideas and;
The participants try to do this
at a high speed.04/01/2015 19
BrainWriting
• BrainWriting is a technique similar to brainstorming.
There are many varieties, but the general process is that
all ideas are recorded by the individual who thought of
them.
• They are then passed on to the next person who uses
them as a trigger for their own ideas.
• BrainWriting enables people who have ideas but are
concerned about voicing them in a broader group to
anonymously make them visible. They thus do not have
to ‘compete’ with others to be heard.
• It can speed things up because everyone is offering
ideas all of the time. 04/01/2015 20
Mind Mapping Mind mapping, also called ‘spider diagrams’ represents ideas, notes,
information etc. in far-reaching tree-diagrams.
To draw a mind map:
Lay-out a large sheet of paper in landscape format and write a concise
heading for the overall theme in the center of the page.
For each major sub-topic or cluster of material, start a new major
branch form the central theme, and label it.
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Each sub-sub-topic or sub-cluster forms a subordinate
branch to the appropriate main branch.
Carry on in this way for every finer sub-branches. It may
be appropriate to put an item in more than one place,
cross-link it to several other items or show relationships
between items on different branches.
Coding with colour, character or size can do this.
Alternatively, the use of drawings instead of writing may
help bring the diagram to life.
Five Ws and H
• The ‘Five Ws and H’, are six universal question and are an influential,
inspirational and imaginative checklist. The technique uses basic questions
generating prompts
Who?
Why?
What?
Where?
When?
How?
• The ‘Five Ws and H’ is a divergent creativity technique and can be used
during the early stages of problem solving to gather information and to
define more detailed the main problems to be solved.
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SCAMPER
The SCAMPER technique is a checklist that will assist in
thinking of changes that can be made to an existing product
to create a new one.
• ‘SCAMPER’ stands for the following seven kinds of
potential product changes:
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Analogies
• Analogies are used to estrange the
participants themselves from the original
problem statement and to come up with
inspiration for new solutions and
approaches.
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• http://multiview.com/associations/resource
s/how-to-foster-creativity-in-the-
workplace#sthash
• https://www.google.co.in
• www.keepinspiring.me/quotes-about-
creativity-imagination-and-innovation/
• http://www.mycoted.com/creativity/techniq
ues/
• http://creatingminds.org/tools/tools_all.htm04/01/2015 29