CREATIVITY!!!

Presented by:

Arundhati P. Dolas

M.Sc.- II RM & Ergonomics

2014-15

Content:

1. Definition

2. Distinguish between creativity and innovation

3. Measuring Creativity

4. Creativity in various context

5. Fostering Creativity

6. Enhancing Creativity

7. Creativity Techniques

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Definition

• “Creativity is defined as the tendency to generate or recognize ideas, alternatives, or possibilities that may be useful in solving problems, communicating with others, and entertaining ourselves and others.” – Robert E. Franken, Human Motivation

• “Creativity is generating new ideas and concepts, or making connections between ideas where none previously existed.” –Mitchell Rigie and Keith Harmeyer, SmartStorming

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• “Creativity is seeing what everyone else has

seen, and thinking what no one else has

thought.” – Einstein, quoted in Creativity,

Design and Business Performance

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Distinguish between creativity and

innovation

• Creativity is typically used to refer to the act

of producing new ideas, approaches or actions.

• Innovation is the process of both generating

and applying such creative ideas in some

specific context.

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• Creativity is what happens when you are brainstorming ways to solve a problem.

• Innovation requires taking action and often refers to something that has been created and put to the test.

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• innovation "begins with creative ideas,„

• "...creativity by individuals and teams isa starting point for innovation; the firstis a necessary but not sufficientcondition for the second.„

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Measuring Creativity

• How to Measure Creativity? Or What is Creativity

Quotient??

– Guilford's Psychometric approach

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Psychologist J. P. Guilford devised four measures of a person's divergent production. Each of the measures can be practiced and improved, and each focuses on creative output in the context of a prompt that asks for a quantity of responses.

• Fluency: how many responses

• Flexibility: how many types of responses

• Originality: the unusualness of the responses

• Elaboration: the detail of the responses

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Creativity in various contextRole of Creativity in Organizational

Growth• Generation of ideas for new technologies

• Generation of ideas for improvement in Product / ServiceDesign like

– for more value addition

– for simplification,

– for adding more features,

– for standardization

– for ergonomic considerations (enhancing humanconvenience in use)

– for improving product reliabilty

– for increasing product life cycle

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Role of Creativity in

Organizational Growth

• Generation of ideas for improvement in Process Design

like

– for smooth flow of materials

– for increasing ease in manufacturing

– for reducing work-in-process inventories

– for reducing wastages

– for improving quality

– for improving process efficiency

– for improving safety

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Role of Creativity in

Organizational Growth

• Generation of ideas for improvement in

machines, tools etc.

• Generation of ideas for converting process

waste into useful byproduct

• Generation of ideas for improvement in

productive capacity

• Generation of ideas for improvement in

Human Resources

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Fostering Creativity

• Eliminate criticism

• Encourage “brainwriting”

• Create a culture that rewards ideas

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Enhancing Creativity

Open your mind to unexplored paths.

Read more.

Tell stories.

Be curious.

Don’t be afraid to try something

new.

Expand your interests.

Develop your talents.

Spend time with creative people.

Look at things differently.

Condition your mind to relax through meditation techniques.

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Creativity Techniques

1. Classical Brainstorming

2. Brain Writing

3. Mind Mapping

4. Five Ws and H

5. SCAMPER

6. Analogies

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Classical Brainstorming

• The basis of Brainstorming is generating

ideas in a group situation based on the

principle of suspending. The generation

phase is separate from the judgment

phase of thinking.

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Basic rules for Brainstorming are:

The facilitator writes down all the ideas on a large

sheet of paper or board;

The participants call their spontaneous ideas as a

reaction on the problem definition

The participants associate on each others ideas;

The participants do not express

their critics on each others

ideas and;

The participants try to do this

at a high speed.04/01/2015 19

BrainWriting

• BrainWriting is a technique similar to brainstorming.

There are many varieties, but the general process is that

all ideas are recorded by the individual who thought of

them.

• They are then passed on to the next person who uses

them as a trigger for their own ideas.

• BrainWriting enables people who have ideas but are

concerned about voicing them in a broader group to

anonymously make them visible. They thus do not have

to ‘compete’ with others to be heard.

• It can speed things up because everyone is offering

ideas all of the time. 04/01/2015 20

Mind Mapping Mind mapping, also called ‘spider diagrams’ represents ideas, notes,

information etc. in far-reaching tree-diagrams.

To draw a mind map:

Lay-out a large sheet of paper in landscape format and write a concise

heading for the overall theme in the center of the page.

For each major sub-topic or cluster of material, start a new major

branch form the central theme, and label it.

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Each sub-sub-topic or sub-cluster forms a subordinate

branch to the appropriate main branch.

Carry on in this way for every finer sub-branches. It may

be appropriate to put an item in more than one place,

cross-link it to several other items or show relationships

between items on different branches.

Coding with colour, character or size can do this.

Alternatively, the use of drawings instead of writing may

help bring the diagram to life.

Five Ws and H

• The ‘Five Ws and H’, are six universal question and are an influential,

inspirational and imaginative checklist. The technique uses basic questions

generating prompts

Who?

Why?

What?

Where?

When?

How?

• The ‘Five Ws and H’ is a divergent creativity technique and can be used

during the early stages of problem solving to gather information and to

define more detailed the main problems to be solved.

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SCAMPER

The SCAMPER technique is a checklist that will assist in

thinking of changes that can be made to an existing product

to create a new one.

• ‘SCAMPER’ stands for the following seven kinds of

potential product changes:

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Analogies

• Analogies are used to estrange the

participants themselves from the original

problem statement and to come up with

inspiration for new solutions and

approaches.

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• http://multiview.com/associations/resource

s/how-to-foster-creativity-in-the-

workplace#sthash

• https://www.google.co.in

• www.keepinspiring.me/quotes-about-

creativity-imagination-and-innovation/

• http://www.mycoted.com/creativity/techniq

ues/

• http://creatingminds.org/tools/tools_all.htm04/01/2015 29

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