CHAPTER THREEClassical Civilization: India
World Civilizations, The Global Experience AP* Edition, 5th Edition
Stearns/Adas/Schwartz/Gilbert
Copyright 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman
*AP and Advanced Placement are registered trademarks of The College Entrance Examination Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.
Chapter 3: Classical Civilization: India
Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
I. The Framework for Indian History: Geography and a Formative Period
II. Patterns in Classical IndiaIII. Political InstitutionsIV. Religion and CultureV. Economy and SocietyVI. Indian InfluenceVII. China and India
Chapter 3: Classical Civilization: India
Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
I. The Framework for Indian History: Geography and a Formative Period
Geography
Himalayas
Monsoons
India in the Age of Harappa and the Early Aryan Migrations
Chapter 3: Classical Civilization: India
Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
I. The Framework for Indian History: Geography and a Formative Period
Aryans (Indo-Europeans)
Vedic Age (1500–1000 B.C.E.)
Sanskrit
Vedas
Epic Age (1000–600 B.C.E.)
Mahabharata
Ramayana
Upanishads
Varnas
Kshatriyas – warriors
Brahmans – priests
Vaisyas – traders, farmers
Sudras – laborers
Untouchables
Religions
Indra
god of Thunder
Gautama Buddha
Chapter 3: Classical Civilization: India
Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
II. Patterns in Classical India
Alexander the Great
327 B.C.E., to India
Bactria
Chandragupta Maurya
Mauryan Dynasty
autocratic
Ashoka (269–232 B.C.E.)
conversion to Buddhism
Kushans
Kanishka
collapse by 220 C.E.
Guptas
from 320 C.E.
Huns
invade, 535 C.E.
India at the Time of Ashoka
Chapter 3: Classical Civilization: India
Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
II. Patterns in Classical India
Alexander the Great
327 B.C.E., to India
Bactria
Chandragupta Maurya
Mauryan Dynasty
autocratic
Ashoka (269–232 B.C.E.)
conversion to Buddhism
Kushans
Kanishka
collapse by 220 C.E.
Guptas
from 320 C.E.
Huns
invade, 535 C.E.
The Gupta Empire
Chapter 3: Classical Civilization: India
Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
III. Political Institutions
Law Codes
Kautilya
chief minister to Chandragupta
political treatise
Caste System
more complex after 600 B.C.E.
Chapter 3: Classical Civilization: India
Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
IV. Religion and Culture
Hinduism
unifying force
but not monolithic
Upanishads
reincarnationgurus
mystics
divinities
Shiva
Vishnu
Varuna
Gautama Buddha (ca 563–483 B.C.E.)nirvana
spread
Kamasutra
Architecture
stupas
Chapter 3: Classical Civilization: India
Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
V. Economy and Society
Patriarchal
arranged marriages
but companionate
Textiles
Iron working
steel
Long-distance trade
VI. Indian InfluenceVia trade
Buddhism
Chapter 3: Classical Civilization: India
Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
VII. China and India
Contrasts
Indian sensuality v. Chinese restraint in art
India more rigid socially
Similarities
large peasant classes
patriarchy