Business Case
A biomass/waste-to-energy facility for Kelly Lake/Tomslake
British Columbia, Canada July, 2012
Prepared for: KLMSS
Presented by:
Alistair Haughton – COO, WtEC
Andy Harris – VP - Development, WtEC
The information contained in this document is CONFIDENTIAL and PROPRIETARY and may not be released in whole or part to third parties without the express written permission of Waste to Energy Canada Inc. © WTEC 2010
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Contents
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 4
BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................. 6
PROJECT VIABILITY ............................................................................................................ 8
STRATEGIC ALIGNMENT ................................................................................................... 10
SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................... 11
SCOPE & SUPPLY ............................................................................................................. 12
PROPOSED FACILITY LOCATION ........................................................................................ 13
DESIGN METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................. 14
The design process: ..................................................................................................................................................... 14
HEAT ENERGY FOR POTENTIAL RECOVERY AND POWER GENERATION ................................ 16
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE .................................................................................... 17
SUMMARY LIST OF PROPOSED EQUIPMENT ...................................................................... 19
WASTE CONVERSION, EMISSIONS CONTROL, AND ASH HANDLING EQUIPMENT .................. 20
FOOTPRINT ..................................................................................................................... 21
Access: ......................................................................................................................................................................... 21
Building Envelope: ...................................................................................................................................................... 21
Certification and Registration: ................................................................................................................................... 22
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PROJECT COST STRUCTURE .............................................................................................. 23
CAPITAL COSTS ............................................................................................................... 23
METHODS OF IMPLEMENTATION: .......................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
NEXT STEPS: .................................................................................................................... 24
APPENDIX A – FEED ELEMENTS ............................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
FEED DELIVERABLES – DRAWINGS/IMAGES ............. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
FRONT END ENGINEERING DESIGN (FEED) DELIVERABLES (AS PER FEED AGREEMENT) ERROR!
BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
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Introduction
This business case illustrates Kelly Lake Métis Settlement Society’s plan to provide an economical and environmentally viable, funded and operated, biomasss/waste to energy facility to manage the Full Waste Stream Spectrum in alignment with the forward looking strategies KLMSS has for Kelly Lake and Tomslake and the region to supply power to the local BC Hydro grid and/or local industry.
The goal is to demonstrate how KLMSS, and people of the Kelly Lake area will benefit from the clean energy production from such a facility, reducing the cost of energy, while creating stable, long-term employment, and significant returns over the long term.
Using local resources to generate heat and energy is as old as gathering wood to burn in the fire to boil
water. Yet as humanity has grown more advanced and sophisticated, that hasn’t been necessary. Fuel in
the form of natural gas, coal and fuel oils has been readily available and relatively cheap. Regrettably,
this reliance on importing these resources has proved troublesome and many governments,
municipalities and industries are now looking for alternative, more strategically secure and cleaner
means of generating energy. One of those means that utilizes a locally produced, plentiful, sustainable
source of fuel is the Waste-to-Energy process.
Recovering energy from waste wood isn’t a new idea either, however it has evolved over the years from
the simple incineration of waste in an uncontrolled, environmentally unfriendly way, with very little
energy recovery, to highly controlled combustion of waste with energy recovery, materials recovery and
sophisticated air pollution control equipment insuring that emissions are well within EU and US limits.
This process took over 50 years of development and many improvements in design and technology, yet
our waste-to-energy methodology has now proven itself to be an environmentally friendly solution to
the disposal of municipal solid waste and the production of valuable and useful energy to save importing
increasingly costly energy.
Our intent is to Build, Co-Own & Operate this waste-to-energy facility with KLMSS, and future plants in
the region.
As directed by the British Columbia Provincial Government in its BC Energy Plan: A Vision for Clean
Energy Leadership, BC Hydro implements a Standing Offer Program to encourage the development of
small and clean energy projects throughout the Province of British Columbia. The program is a process
to purchase energy from small projects with a nameplate capacity greater than 0.05 megawatts but not
more than 15 megawatts (MW). In order to respond to BC Hydro’s Standing Offer Program call for
power, the new CGS is proposing to build a <15 megawatts biomass/waste-to-energy generation facility
on a pre-determined site near the Kelly Lake and Tomslake community which is approximately 120
kilometers Southeast of Hudson’s Hope, B.C.
The goals of the KLMSS are to develop economically viable energy production facilities using readily
available renewable biomass and potentially wood debris and operational waste from local agriculture
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and oil and gas operations as fuel sources at an acceptable cost per kilowatt hour ($/kWh), to provide
new and meaningful permanent employment, retain and expand existing employment (logging/forestry)
and provide revenues for both producers and sellers of the finished product. This biomass/waste to
power project will create urgently needed aboriginal employment opportunities and revenues, while
providing energy in an environmentally sound manner. In addition to helping to meet area power
demands, the projects will help reduce dependency on imported non-renewable energy sources.
The project is of significant importance to KLMSS in terms of its economic diversification and job
creation. It will also be important to the region as a whole in moving toward requiring increased
emphasis on renewable power and there is a projected shortage of power generation in an area of
increasing population and business growth – specifically from the oil and gas sector. Moreover, we
believe that this project will help enhance service reliability in the area.
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Background
The Kelly Lake Métis Settlement Society, besides being a recognized Aboriginal Community is a not- for-
profit Society registered in British Columbia under the Societies Act since April 26, 2002. Registration No.
S-44582. The Society is in good standing and continues to meet all annual filing requirements. An
economically-depressed area, Kelly Lake is seen as the only Métis community with historical roots in B.C.
having originated in the early 1800s. The membership is approximately 138 adults who live in the
settlement with their children.
Population Demographics
KLMSS represents Métis members as defined in the KLMSS bylaws and constitution. In February
2009 KLMSS membership totalled 138:
• 62 Men
• 76 Women
KLMSS continues to review socio-economic needs for the Métis members by identifying information
regarding the following areas:
1. Unemployment Rate: 36% (n=28)
2. Education Level
a. Elementary: 47% (n=30)
b. High School: 33% (n=30)
c. College: 17% (n=30)
d. University: 3% (n=30)
3. Percentage of KLMSS residents in Kelly Lake: 86% (n=28)
4. The average age of Kelly Lake members is: 35 (n=24)
KLMSS has focused on addressing governance and socio-economic issues facing the community and has
continued to identify economic opportunities through various relationships and joint ventures. KLMSS
has contracted services in mining, road upgrading, provision of dust control system, provision of camp
services, and underground piping in addition to authentic art. To diversify the local economy and create
employment opportunities that take advantage of technological advances and utilize resources that are
currently underutilized, KLMSS is proposing to build a biomass/waste-to-energy project utilizing Waste
to Energy Canada’s technology. The Kelly Lake/Tomslake waste to energy project will generate up to 15
MW of electricity – enough to power approximately 10,000 homes - using biomass from pine beetle
killed fibre, agriculture and wood residue from forestry operations as well as other sources from local oil
and gas operations that would otherwise be trucked long distances or disposed of in landfills. Meetings
with BC Forestry and oil & gas companies have provided provisional written and verbal approval of
feedstock supply.
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Historically, KLMSS continue to hold to their traditional visions of community renaissance and values.
Sustainable, efficient resource development requires KLMSS to create an environment in which the
whole community can thrive and prosper. The continued protection and utilization of aboriginal rights of
sovereignty and self-determination are key strategic elements to achieve a higher quality of life for the
community. These factors are integral to the business case for the facilty.
Project Initiation
At initiation BC Hydro implemented a Standing Offer Program to encourage the development of small
and clean energy projects throughout the Province of British Columbia. The program is a process to
purchase energy from small projects with a nameplate capacity greater than 0.05 megawatts (MW) but
not more than 15 MW. To help further diversify its economic base, KLMSS has already commissioned a
Feasibility Study that examined and recommended the possibility of developing up to a 15 MW electrical
generation facility on or near its traditional lands. Provisional approval from BC Hydro has been
provided.
The feasibility study included an assessment of available biomass fuel by KLMSS to satisfy the fuel
requirements of an initial 10 MW waste-to-energy power plant on a continuous basis, technology
assessment, site selection, economics viability given the foreseeable fuel and generation costs for
renewable energy generation. This effort has identified a potentially viable mostly biomass-fuelled
renewable energy project using WTEC’s proven Continuous Gasifier System technology and available
and proximate fuel supplies on a minimum 40 acres site on or near KLMSS traditional territory.
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Project Viability
Our assessment has shown that project viability is highly dependent upon resolution of two issues:
• Acceptable costs and interconnection agreement with BC Hydro High Voltage (HV) system, and
suitable site location close to BC Hydro substation
• Acceptable Purchase price for generated renewable power by BC Hydro.
Because of these factors, it is clear that in order to keep the transmission cost low, the power plant site
has to be close to BC Hydro grid. The ideal plant site should be no more than 15 km with BC Hydro
substation in Dawson Creek Substation (2552 DAW) to avoid connection fees. KLMSS has acquired a
power plant site of some 40 acres within the 15km distance from the grid as the current anticipated
purchase price as offered by BC Hydro for renewable power will probably not support the costs of about
15 km of HV transmission connection.
While almost all of North-Eastern British Columbia’s electricity is produced from coal, and/or fossil fuels,
the Province clearly has a sustainable supply of wood/biomass fuel to supply relatively small generating
facilities such as waste-to-energy facility the KLMSS is deploying.
Potential biomass fuel sources considered include:
• Wood waste from gas operation, gas transmission line clearings;
• Wood waste from sawmills and wood products manufacturing operations;
• Biomass from pine beetle killed fibre;
• Wood waste from logging operations;
• Forest management waste (such as fire prevention thinning, bio fuel); and,
• Local landowners, tree farming.
An annual estimated amount of 130,000 green tons of biomass fuel, some 360 metric tones per day, is
required to fuel a +/- 10 MW biomass to energy plant. The amount of biomass fuel within the KLMSS
traditional territory that the potential biomass sources including gas industries, forestry, plantation,
sawmill residues and pine beetle kill as well as from agriculture and other sources such as waste oil will
be sufficient to fuel the Power Plant for more than 20 years.
The local oil and gas industries have pledged support of fuel contributions to KLMSS in the amount of
15,000 m3 from each of their annual clearings.
Wood waste streams have been identified from most of the above potential sources that sell for $10 to
15 per ton, or will provide material free of charge for pick up. In addition, biomass material can be
sourced from landowners or tree farms for whole tree chipping operations. Another possibility for
supplying biomass to the proposed facilities is to collect logging residue. Waste residue (treetops, limbs,
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stumps and brush) comprises about 20% of the volume of trees now logged for the paper, wood, and
wood products industry. This wood waste is not only unsightly; it poses a forest fire threat. For power
production, the logging residue would be cut to transportable size, or chipped at the landing or trucked
to the generation project site for further hogging. The advantages of using logging residues are that it is
currently not utilized, relatively abundant, will clean-up logging cut areas, and produce “green and
clean” electrical power. Working to establish an aboriginal collection operation is a possibility. Annual
usage of a 10 MW plant would total 132,000 tons in a 50 km radius of the proposed plant site.
Another option to supply biomass fuel to the energy facility is for KLMSS to obtain it from local farmers
and landowners. Such farms and landowners have been contacted and fuel purchase arrangements are
being pursued to ensure long term fuel supply is established. Many landowners were contacted and
currently letters of intent with local landowners (more than 240 acres producing biomass fuel for $5 per
m3 or about $10 per ton) have been signed.
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Strategic alignment
The deployment of a privately designed, built and operated waste-to-energy facility in Kelly
Lake/Tomslake can help define the area’s forestry and oil and gas industries waste management
strategy when aligned within the overall strategy for the community.
By converting waste into thermal energy and electricity KLMSS can show a high degree of leadership for
meeting some of the energy needs of the local community and industry. Such a strategy will significantly
reduce GHG emissions from landfill, waste trucking, forestry waste and help reduce reliance on
increasingly expensive external energy sources.
The facility will create jobs in operations and educational components ensuring Kelly Lake Métis
Settlement Society’s workers when re-trained have the opportunity for employment and advancement.
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Summary
Our team together with the local stakeholders will ensure KLMSS benefit from advantages when WTEC
deploy, co-own and operate a waste-to-energy plant:
Decentralized ‒Reduces environmental effects & costs of waste transportation ‒Cuts and/or
eliminates capital expense of transfer stations ‒ the community and industries take
responsibility for their own waste - Encourages proper waste disposal.
Distributed ‒ Electricity and thermal energy is generated and consumed locally by industry
and community ‒ Loss during conventional electricity transmission and distribution is
eliminated.
Agile ‒ Processes widest range of solid and liquid wastes – Scalable & Modular ‒ Optimally
sized with capacity that can be customized – Option to use thermal energy for local
industrial use such as greenhouses for food, aquaculture or siviculture.
Long term ‒Highly efficient, robust and operates entirely on its own renewable electricity ‒
Emissions are completely mitigated ‒ Eliminates landfill disposal – Improves quality of air,
water and life.
Strategic Energy – Displaces fossil fuel use – Helps reduce power deficit – Reduces
vulnerability of reduced water for hydro-electricity – Avoids costs of thermal energy
production.
Improves Employment – Long-term employment growth in new renewable energy sectors.
Leadership – An exemplar of KLMSS’s leadership in renewable energy, education and
training.
Legacy - Long term environmental and fiscal sustainability via proven, well-funded
development group from Canada working with the team in Kelly Lake/Tomslake who will
ensure daily delivery of feedstock, meet all local regulations, ensure relations with clients
are maintained, and develop the business regionally.
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Scope & Supply
WTEC will provide a “turnkey” 400 metric tonnes per day (MPTD) Continuous Gasifier System (CGS) [and
potentially a supplementary Batch Gasifier System (BGS) to process hazardous waste to be determined
via the Preliminary Engineering Design] Waste to Energy facility for a targeted site, to provide a
centralized model, inclusive of:
Comprehensive inclusion of all the valuable work by KLMSS’s management personnel in
operating forestry industry businesses and handling all aspects of municipal, commercial and
light industrial waste management to support and lead deployment strategy;
All design and engineering for the project;
Waste Stream Characterization Study & Preliminary Engineering Design, commissioned in
advance to provide working engineering drawings and budgets.
o Buildings and structures.
o CGS gasification technology to manage +/- 400 MTPD
o Boilers, Turbines/generators, emission controls, and SCADA systems.
o All computer controls and instrumentation.
o Bottom ash conveyer.
o Continual and consistent support, training and management services through a rolling
30-year agreement.
* There is inherent capacity in a 400 MTPD facility to take some more waste as demand or needs
change.
The facility will be designed to accept a wide range of feedstock including, but not limited to:
Forestry waste
Residential Municipal Solid Waste (household waste of uniform characteristics).
Commercial/Industrial (wood and fibre waste, used oils, tires, plastics).
Assorted seasonal crop or wood waste biomass.
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Proposed Facility Location
One logical spot to establish the WTE facility is at a site within BC Hydro’s 15km radius from three-phase
grid, with good road access and a flat terrain if conditions allow. The benefits will focus on a proximity
principle - dealing with waste close to where it is generated to avoid unnecessary hauling costs and
emissions and, producing energy close to where it is required, reducing power loss via transmission. The
sighting of the facility at the landfill location will accomplish:
Proactive use of the existing infrastructure.
Eliminate the need to retool existing waste transport and infrastructure mechanisms.
Eliminate issues relating to landfill and emissions.
Allow easy access to connect power to the BC Hydro grid.
Allow for cost avoidance of thermal energy production using BOS process heat for community
heating, hot water etc.
Provide a demonstration exemplar and focal point for KLMSS community pride in environmental
leadership.
Maintain existing employment and add new roles in training, service, education and research.
KLMSS’s support will smooth the path to project development and deployment.
120mtpd BGS plant – Dargavel, Scotland - during installation. With 8 Primary Chambers (Grey cubes)
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Design Methodology
The project is designed around a proven, cost effective and successful technology that has been utilized
in configurations from 100 metric tonnes per day (MTPD) to multiple MTPD capacity trains deployed in
multiple arrays since 1995.
Highlights include:
Modular and scalable design, allowing for cost effective growth and reduction:
o Growth: the system can easily be added to in plug and play modules which would
accommodate a growth factor of 100%
o Reduction: modules can easily and cost effectively be taken offline in order to
compensate for reduction in the waste stream through community initiatives such as
recycling and compositing.
The design process:
The design waste stream currently consists of over 400 MTPD of mixed forestry, oil and gas industry
sump oil, some municipal solid waste and potentially hazardous waste from the region of Kelly
Lake/Tomslake encompassing Grand Prairie and Dawson Creek as required. At an assumed facility
availability factor of +90 percent, a 400 MTPD capacity facility can process a total of approximately
132,000 metric tons of solid waste per year delivered to the site for which tipping fees per tonne will be
paid where feasible, and there is capacity for future demand growth. Note: We can seek other waste for
tipping fee revenue stream as required.
As the final detailed characteristics of the design waste stream have yet to be completely inventoried
and for the purposes of this proposal, we have calculated “close to home” assumptions based on our
review of previously published reports on the forestry waste stream in British Columbia and Alberta.
With this analysis and review we assume that the waste will remain unsorted and unprocessed
municipal solid waste (MSW) with an average bulk density of approximately 240 kg / m3, average
moisture content of approximately 30 percent, and average net calorific value as received of
approximately 12,000 kJ / kg for the purposes of this discussion.
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Figure 1. A CGS™ enclosed within building configured in
two 250mtpd ‘trains’ with full emissions control systems.
The KLMSS facility will be twin 200mtpd capacity trains.
It is further noted that the above volumes are based on municipal waste and do not include waste oils
and tires, hazardous waste or waste from other industry. With the addition of these feedstock’s we will
realize a significant boost in energy recovery levels. . The Preliminary Engineering Design will determine
the Calorific Value (CV) of any potential sump oil from local oil and gas industry operations. Upon
acceptance of the Waste Stream Characterisation Study currently underway and the next step of Front
End Engineering Design, we will double check the completed waste stream inventory inclusive of
Municipal, Commercial; Industrial, used oils, and tires. A 400 MTPD capacity facility may process up to
5% more for seasonal peak loads,
depending on the waste, as there is a
margin of additional capacity per
primary gasification chamber.
It is our intention to configure the
required processing capacity at the
identified location through two CGS™
process trains comprising of: Primary
Gasification Chamber feeding one
Secondary Oxidation Chamber and one
emissions control system. The facility
will look much like the one in Figure 1,.
The proposed Waste to Energy facility
to be located at the identified site in
Kelly Lake/Tomslake will have a start-up
schedule together with the large
capacity the Primary Gasification
Chamber, the slow continuous gasification of waste at moderate temperature, and the proprietary
control systems to ensure that the continuous processing of mixed and variable waste stream results in
production of an even, continuous supply of energy to the power train and subsequently to the grid
interconnection.
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Heat Energy for Potential Recovery and Power Generation
The CGS is a highly efficient technology for converting wastes into useful and valuable thermal energy,
offsetting the need for production elsewhere and thus reducing the total draw on the BC Hydro grid.
The CGS converts upwards of 99-percent of the energy available in the volatile portion of the waste
stream and sends approximately 95-percent to the boiler or to other energy recovery equipment.
At a net energy efficiency of 90-percent, CGS equipment processing the design waste stream at 400
MTPD with the assumed characteristic as listed above, will deliver approximately 10 MWe electrical
energy (101,640 MWh annually) and in the region of 50 MW thermal energy (MWt) for recovery and
reuse. The cost of this +/-50 MWt energy from waste can offset or avoid costs of energy production
elsewhere in the community and is highly valuable for uses in local heating or for industry, including
greenhouses for locally produced food, aquaculture and siviculture.
The WTEC plant will help service this demand and use some 950kw to operate itself.
200mtpd CGS plant – Vertical orientation
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CGS Design Basis for Air Emissions
Compared to EU Emissions Limits
WTEC CGS Design
Basis
Maximum Limits
EU Regulations
Daily average of half-hourly measurements
taken at 11% O2 and 0°C
Particulate Matter (PM) < 5 mg / Nm3 10 mg / Nm3
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) < 100 mg / Nm3 200 mg / Nm3
Carbon Monoxide (CO) < 10 mg / Nm3 50 mg / Nm3
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) < 10 mg / Nm3 50 mg / Nm3
Total Organic Carbon (TOC) < 2 mg / Nm3 10 mg / Nm3
Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) < 5 mg / Nm3 10 mg / Nm3
Dioxin & Furans < 0,08 ng / Nm3 0,10 ng / Nm3
Figure 2. Design basis for air emissions at the proposed Kelly
Lake/Tomslake facility compared to European Union limits. The final
design basis can be adjusted to meet other standards as advised.
Environmental Performance
The CGS technology has inherently very low emissions of particulates (dust), Carbon Dioxide, Total
Organic Carbon, Heavy Metals, NOx and other pollutants. WTEC reduces emissions even further by
fitting the BOS with an advanced emissions control system set to an operating regime designed to meet
and exceed EU and Canadian Standards. Figure 2 (below) shows the design basis compared to EU
emissions limits.
Please note: WTEC
proposes to treat the flue
gas using Best Available
Control Technology (BACT),
which is dry-absorbent
injection technology using
sodium bicarbonate for
acid neutralization,
activated powdered carbon
to remove trace dioxins,
furans and heavy metals,
flue gas recirculation and
dry urea injection for NOx
reduction, and a filter bag
house to collect the
scrubber consumables and
any residual fly ash.
Note: that any of the three
types of injection systems
(sodium bicarbonate,
activated powdered
carbon, and dry urea) can
be installed with or without the other systems, and each system can operate independently and only as
required by the immediate levels of pollutants in the untreated flue gas. Each system has its own
digitally controlled operating regime that can be programmed to begin operating at chosen trigger
levels. This allows programming of the equipment to achieve the desired spot and overall levels of
emissions while conserving scrubber consumables to very low levels (sodium bicarbonate, activated
powdered carbon, and/or dry urea).
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The operating temperature in the CGS™ Secondary Oxidation Chamber will be 870° C or as required by
regulation, and the retention time of the oxidised syngas at that temperature will be no less than two
seconds or as required by regulation.
The proposed BACT emissions control system uses a dry-absorbent injection system that uses no water
and therefore has no wastewater discharge. The BOS™ itself discharges no waste water and uses water
only as a light mist to control the bottom ash as it is pushed from the Primary Gasification Chambers
onto the automatic ash conveyor, or steam make-up and for wash down of the receiving floor – this can
be via rain water harvested from the roof and detained in tanks onsite.
The bottom ash from the BOS™ is virtually free of residual carbon, is non-toxic, and can be employed
successfully and without restriction as concrete aggregate, light-weight fill material, or aggregate for
asphalt road or parking surfacing, road repair aggregate, landfill layering or reclamation or pipe bedding.
The bottom ash is approximately five percent or so by volume and 10 percent by weight of the initial
waste stream.
Non-combustible items in the waste stream—primarily metals and glass—are left behind with the
bottom ash in the base of the Primary Gasification Chamber v-hearth which is continually removed and
can be recovered for extracting recyclables (metals are generally extracted, compacted and set aside for
transport, and glass can be ground to a powder and added to the bottom ash for use as aggregate).
The proposed project will realize a very significant net reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions—
largely from eliminating the methane (CH4) that would otherwise be released by waste decomposing in
a landfill as methane is 21 times more potent as a GHG than any carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by the
cBOS™ facility. Other significant reductions in GHGs will also be achieved by offsetting the electricity or
thermal energy that would otherwise be generated by burning fossil fuels, by recycling the metals and
other materials recovered from the bottom ash, and by recycling the bottom ash itself as concrete
aggregate.
Based on preliminary information, WTEC estimates that the CGS™ conversion of the waste stream from
the proposed facility will result in a net annual reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of over
300,000 MTCO2e per CGS, which is equivalent to removing more than 90,000 vehicles from the road per
year. We will monetize this reduction in GHG’s by selling the resulting carbon credits on the Canadian or
international markets.
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Summary List of Proposed Equipment
WTEC will supply and operate a complete CGS™ facility including two process trains with ash transport
and emissions control systems as described above and in more detail below (Excluding land, buildings,
infrastructure and energy grid connections)
The CGS™ Primary Gasification Chamber will be equipped with conveyor-supplied front-loading doors
and a low door at the back of the chamber where the bottom ash is pushed to the ash-house. All doors
will be provided with hydraulic opening and closing mechanisms.
The unique v-hearth design ensures even and continuous gasification of waste in the primary
gasification chamber.
As an integral part of the two CGS™ process trains, WTEC will supply an automatic ash handling system
at the back of the Primary Gasification Chambers for ease of distribution.
Also as an integral part of the CGS™ process trains, WTEC will supply a complete air emissions control
system to meet and exceed current EPA, Canadian or EU standards. A Continuous Emission Monitoring
(CEM) system will monitor and log air emissions from the process trains.
WTEC will also provide its proprietary, automated, digital control system with manual override for the
two 200mtpd CGS™ process trains. The control system will include feedback from heat recovery and
power train equipment (supplied by others) to ensure a constant and even flow of thermal energy for
recovery. Operators interact with the control system by a simple touch-screen. The control system has
SCADA (Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition) data-logging capability. The control system must
provide real-time, continuous, remote access by WTEC technicians for monitoring, operating advice, and
upgrades as part of an overall service contract – a full time uninterrupted internet connection will be
required.
KLMSS will be responsible for all site development, infrastructure, buildings and grid/thermal energy
interconnections.
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Waste Conversion, Emissions Control, and Ash Handling Equipment
WTEC will provide process trains in singular or chained configurations e.g.
2 x 200 MTPD train for a 400 MTPD total capacity
We will provide each train inclusive with associated equipment as described above and in more detail
below (excludes buildings, infrastructure, roads, connections etc):
1st stage – Gasification
1 Primary Gasification Chamber fed by conveyor
2nd Stage – Synthetic Gas Oxidation
1 Secondary Oxidation Chambers
1 De-NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) System
Power Train
1 Low Pressure Boiler & Super Heater
1 Steam Turbine & generator
Flue Gas Cleaning 1 Gasification train reaction tower
1 Gasification train Baghouse
1 Baghouse to stack
1 Ducting
1 ID Fan
1 Continuous Emission Monitoring (CEM) system
1 Stack 15 meters high or as required by local regulations
Ash Handling Equipment
1 Conveyors
1 Swan neck Conveyor
Control System
1 PGC control Panels
1 SOC control panel
1 Emission Control System Panel
1 ID fan control panel
1 Master SCADA control system with backup computer
1 Data logging computer
1 Remote monitoring computer
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Footprint
Given the inherent modular nature of the CGS and components, the proposed facility would occupy the
following footprint (subject to the findings of the Preliminary Engineering Design Study where
efficiencies may be found):
As per the overview for the 400 MTPD facility:
• Site footprint +/- 4,000 m2
• Building area +/- 3000 m2.
• Stack Height: 15 m (45 ft) or to local regulations.
NOTE: Each building is designed for the inherent characteristics of each site and location and is divided internally into receiving area, secondary treatment and power production.
Planning will need to be inclusive and ensure space is incorporated for any recycling and/or composting
areas.
Access:
Access to the facility will be restricted to employees and authorized personal only. With advanced notice
the facility will be available to host tours and an interested community will want to ‘see for themselves’.
Building Envelope:
Exterior circulation around the building is required.
Climate proofing will be integral to design.
Rainwater harvesting will be used where feasible.
Trucks will be weighed on an exterior weighbridge, enter one door, door will close, the truck will unload, the truck will exit the facility, door will close, truck weighed again to determine waste load.
A separate entry for hazardous materials will be used.
A negative pressure environment will be present within the facility, eliminating possible odour escaping from within the facility.
Strict bio security protocols will be maintained at all times and will part and parcel of the SOP, EMS and BMP’s.
Noise abatement measures will be used such as enclosing any turbines within a controlled
acoustic enclosure within the facility.
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Sensitive monitoring equipment will be housed in a separately enclosed air-conditioned building
within the facility.
The building will allow for boom crane access over the primary gasification chambers and
secondary oxidation chambers for maintenance (e.g. eaves > 8m and roof peak >12m).
Certification and Registration:
All processes and ancillary activities will conform and be registered as compliant under all applicable
Municipal, and Federal mandates.
Registered under ISO 14001 Environmental Management System (EMS) and ISO 14064 GHG
project accounting standard.
An in depth and thorough environmental and operation application will be delivered to all stakeholders.
Please see Appendix A for details.
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Project Cost Structure
Please note: the proposed Waste to Energy facility is designed around the long term, +30 years,
conversion of waste to useful thermal energy and in specific; the capture, use and conversion of waste
thermal energy into steam driven turbines/generators creating electricity.
The projects costs are capital intensive and by such; the agreed sale of power to the community at an
acceptable market value for +30 years is a good indicator; as such a +30 waste feedstock supply
agreement is required and a permitted and entitled site.
All estimates are “close to home” assumptions based on research, however a complete Waste Stream Characterisation (underway at the time of writing) and the next step of Front End Engineering Design (FEED) that produces working drawings and budgets will needed to be completed before a firm value can be delivered. The FEED illustrates exact specifications for CGS technology to be deployed. Budgeting $380,000 for the initial phase of FEED should be accounted for.
No allowance has been made for provincial, national or other funding, grants or subsidies, or for
steam/heat sales revenue at this stage. Use of waste sump oil has been factored.
Pro Forma Profit & Loss Statement (per year: 400 MTPD / 132,00 MTPA)
Estimated Revenues Assume: $120 MWh; Tipping fees $30 /t, Excludes STEAM/HEAT revenue. $19,457,000
Expenses
Operations & maintenance $6,600,000
Net, fully inclusive, before taxes $12,857,000
Capital Costs
Total capital investment for a turnkey 400 MTPD CGS Waste to Energy facility producing +/- 101,640
MWh, 10 MWe of electricity to the BC Hydro grid:
Estimated Capital Costs: $30,625,000
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Next Steps:
In order to bring this project to fruition and deliver on the benefits we will need to complete
the following:
Quantify the waste stream makeup, characterization and volume next 30-years via
commissioning a Waste Stream Characterization Study (WSCS) - complete
Commission and complete the Front End Engineering Design (FEED) to produce working
drawings and final budgets.
Secure financing.
All preliminary approvals for a privately owned & run waste-to-energy facility.
Exclusive regional 30+ year waste feedstock supply agreement to the facility, including
sole rights to other waste such as oil waste, medical and industrial/commercial.
A 20+ year power buyback to-grid rate and agreement, index linked to inflation.
A 20+ year heat/steam rate and agreement, index linked to inflation.
Permitted and entitled site for the facility.