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153 Slides
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A Welding Procedure is a recipe of variable welding parameters, which will produce the same results of certain
quality & properties of weld if carried out in the same way
eac meOr a procedure which has been welded and tested to a
specification such as ASME IX.
weldment NOT the skill of the welder.
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It is a document of a qualified welding procedure
needs in order to carry out the work.
as een ssue as a resu o a success uWelding Procedure test (WP test).
Additional WPS’s can be issued on a successful
WP test as long as they remain within the Extentof Approval.
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Welding of a
test coupon
Construction Code
Materials
From all range of
welding variablesrom e
Range of
variables
Design
Impact testingABC
Nonessential;
Supplementary
ABC WPS ABC PQR
.
Record of welding variablese ngvariables Essential;
Nonessential;
Record ofactual variableand test results
Specimen preparation
Mechanical test
Supplementary(if applicable). Date
sign
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Once the welding of test coupon has been completed under
some welding variables , No Radiography or any
The test coupons shall be Mechanically tested to ensure that
the desired level of mechanical ro erties have been met
If all the desired properties have been met, then a procedure
results reviewed, and the draft WPS then becomes qualified
rom s a a, a wor a e ocumen or pro uc on we ng s
prepared and called a Welding Procedure Specification. (WPS)
.
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QW-200.1 Each manufacturer and contractor shall
prepare written Welding Procedure Specifications whichare defined as follows.
(a) Welding Procedure Specification (WPS). A WPS
s a wr tten qua e we ng proce ure prepare to provide direction for making production welds to Code
.
used to provide direction to the welder or welding
o erator to assure com liance with the,Code re uire-ments.
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QW-200.2 Each manufacturer or contractor shall be
required to prepare a procedure qualification record which is defined as follows.
QW-200(a) Procedure Qualification Record (PQR). A
PQR s a recor o t e we ng ata use to we a testcoupon. The PQR is a record of variables recorded
.
the test results of the tested specimens. Recorded vari-
ables normall fall within a small ran e of the actualvariables that will be used in production welding.
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The terms “manufacturer” or “contractor” are:
Own the certificate of authorization, can be a
conventional or a nuclear stamp(s), where required
Responsible for the welding
Can be an installer, assembler or fabricator
Can be an organization effective operational control of
welding qualification for TWO or more companies of
different name, see QW 201.
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Question (1): If Company A reviews and approves
Section IX qualified WPS’s submitted by Companies Band C for a given project, may Company A use Company
B and C‘s WPS’s?
Rep y 1 : No. Question (2): If Company A reviews and approves
ec on qua e s su m e ompan es an
C for a given project, may Company A authorize
‘ ’
Reply (2): No.
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Question: May a contractor provide his qualified
weldin rocedure s ecifications for use b his
subcontractors, to perform welding in accordance
with the re uirements of ASME BPV Code
Section IX?
Reply: No.
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Question: In a contract involving piping construction work,our company subcontracted the piping prefabrication work to asubcontractor. This subcontractor is mana ed b our com an
but has a different name. The subcontractor proceeded toqualify welding procedures which were conducted in the
presence and with the approval of our company’s welding
eng neer w o mon tore t e we ng o t e test coupons ansigned approval on the PQRs. The Quality Control System ofthe subcontractor and our company fully described theopera ona con ro o proce ure qua ca ons. as our c enright in rejecting the use by our company of the subcontractor
qualified welding procedures for the erection work of the
Reply: This is a contractual issue, which ASME does notaddress.
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Three construction companies have participated in a
nuclear power plant construction project as a consortiumcontractor. They have a unified Quality Assurance
Program, but the consortium does not hold a Certificate
.
holds its own Certificate of Authorization.
“
names in an organization” in QW-201 apply to the
consortium described in the Back round? Reply: No
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Background Two companies are contracted by a clientcompany to undertake pipe work installation on its facility. Allsta es of the Weldin Procedure ualification Processes forthe two contracted companies are witnessed by the clientcompanies representative and the documentation duly stampedand signed as accepted by the client.
Question (1): May these procedures be used by the clientcompany?
Re l 1 : No.
Question (2): Does the client company have to re-qualify these procedures in order to perform in-house maintenance a t a laterdate usin all the same essential and nonessential variables with its own qualified welders?
Reply (2): Yes.
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WPSs may be used by the new owner(s) without
requalification, provided all of the following are met:(a) the new owner(s) takes responsibility for the WPSs and
PQRs
(b) the WPSs reflect the name of the new owner(s)(c) the Quality Control System/Quality Assurance Program
reflects the source of the PQRs as being from the former
manufacturer or contractor
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Background: Company A and Company B merge
divisions to form a new Company, C. Question (1):May the new Company C , use PQRs and
WPSs developed previously by Company A and
Reply (1): Yes, provided operational control is inaccordance with QW-201.
Question (2): May the new Company, C, use the centralmaterials laboratory of Company A to develop WPSs and
Reply (2): Yes, provided operational control is inaccordance with W-201.
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Background: When one of a company' s plants is sold, it
is not clear if the new owner can use the WeldingProcedure Specifications (WPS) and Procedure
Qualification Records (PQR) qualified by the original
.
using those WPS/PQR.
B. May both Company A and Company B use the
WPSs/PQRs reviousl ualified b Com an A Reply: Yes. provided the requirements of QW-201.1 are
addressed by Company B.
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on en s o e . e comp e e s a
describe all of the essential, nonessential, and, when
welding process used in the WPS. These variables are
listed in QW-250 through QW-280 and are defined in
Article IV, Welding Data.The WPS shall reference the supporting Procedure
Qualification Record(s) (PQR) described in QW-200.2.
The manufacturer or contractor may include any other
a Code weldment.
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QW-401.1 Essential Variable
.
condition which will affect the mechanical
proper es o er an no c oug ness othe weldment (for example, change in P-
Number, weld- ing process, filler metal,
electrode reheat or ostweld beattreatment, etc.).
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QW-401.3 Supplemental Essential Variable (Procedure). A change ina welding condition which will affect the notch-toughness properties of a
weldment (for example, change in welding process, uphill or down vertical, , , . .
When a procedure has been previously qualified to satisfy allrequirements other than notch toughness, it is then necessary only to preparean additional test coupon using the same procedure with the same essentialvar a es, u a ona y w a o e requ re supp emen ary essen a
variables, with the coupon long enough to provide the necessary notch-toughness specimens.
When a rocedure has been reviousl ualified to satisf allrequirements including notch toughness, but one or more supplementaryessential variable is changed, then it is only necessary to prepare anadditional test coupon using the same welding procedure and the newsu lementar essential variable s with the cou on lon enou h to provide the necessary notch-toughness specimens. If a previously qualifiedweld procedure has satisfactory notch-toughness values in the weldmetal, then it is necessary only to test notch-toughness specimens from the
.
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c anges o e . anges may e ma e n e
nonessential variables of a WPS to suit production
changes are documented with respect to the essential,
nonessential, and, when required, supplementary essen-
tial variables for each process. This may be by amend-ment to the WPS or by use of a new WPS.
Changes in essential or supplementary essential (when
required) variables require requalification of the WPS
essential or supplementary essential variables).
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Question: Does QW-200.l(c) require that there be a historyof changes such as margin notes or other record
essential, nonessential, or supplemental variables each time
a WPS is revised?
Reply: No.
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(d) Format of the WPS. The information required to be in the
WPS may be in any format, written or tabular, to fit the needs of each, , ,
and, when required, supplementary essential variables outlined in
QW-250 through QW-280 is included or referenced.
Form QW-482 (see Nonmandatory Appendix B) has been
provided as a guide for the WPS. This Form includes the required
data for the SMAW, SAW, GMAW, and GTAW processesIt is only
a guide and does not list all required data for other processes. It also
lists some variables that do not apply to all processes (e.g., listing
shieldin as which is not re uired for SAW . The uide does not easily lend itself to multiple process procedure specification (e.g.,
GTAW root with SMAW fill).
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Each manufacturer or contractor shall maintain a record of
the results obtained in welding procedure and welder andwelding operator performance qualifications. These
records shall be certified by a signature or other means as
’ ’
Control System and shall be accessible to the Authorized
Ins ector. Refer to recommended Forms in Non
mandatory Appendix B.
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SMAW Shield Metal-Arc Welding
SAW Submerged-Arc Welding -
&FCAW & Flux-Core-Arc Welding
GTAW Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding
-
ESW Electroslag WeldingEGW Electrogas Welding
EBW Electron Beam Weldin
Stud & Inertia and Continuous Drive Friction Welding
Resistance Welding
LBW Laser Beam WeldingFlash Welding
Each welding process has its own welding variables (table QW-252 to 265)
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QW-250 WELDING VARIABLES
QW-251 GeneralQW-251.1 Types of Variables for Welding
Procedure Specifications (WPS). These variabless e or eac we ng process n a es -
252 through QW-265) are subdivided intoessential variables su lementar essentialvariables, and nonessential variables (QW-401).The "Brief of Variables" listed in the Tables areor re erence on y. ee e comp e e var a e n
Welding Data of Article IV.
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Question (1): Is it required that all of the essential and nonessential
- -
addressed in the WPS, even though some of these variables are not
app ca e?
.
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QW-250 WELDING VARIABLES
QW-251.4 Special Processes
- and hard-surfacing weld metal overlays are as indicated in thefollowing tables for the specified process. Only the variablesspecified, for special processes shall apply. A change in thecorros on-res s an or ar sur ac ng we ng process s a requ re
requalification.QW-218 Applied Linings
- . s or a ac ng app e n ngs s a e qua ein accordance with QW-202.2(a), (b), or (c).
QW-219 Flash Welding
as we ng s a e m e o au oma c e ec r ca res s anceflash welding of tubular cross-sections. Procedure qualification testsshall be conducted in accordance with QW-199.1.
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QW-252 OFW
QW-252.1 OFW (special process)
QW-253 SMAW
QW-258 ESW
QW-258.1 ESW (special process)
QW-259 EGW- . spec a
process)
QW-254 SAW
QW-254.1 SAW (special process)
- . spec a process
QW-260 EBW
QW-261 Stud Welding
W-262 Inertia and ContinuousQW-255 GMAW and FCAW
QW-255.1 GMAW and FCAW(special process)
W-256 GTAW
Drive Friction Welding
QW-263 Resistance WeldingQW-264 LBW
QW-255.1 GTAW (special process)
QW-257 PAW
- .
QW-265 Flash Welding
QW-290.4 Temper Bead
- .
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