Windows Architecture for Oracle Users Saptak Sen Technical Evangelist, Windows Server Evangelism [email protected]
Dec 30, 2015
Windows Architecture for Oracle Users
Saptak SenTechnical Evangelist, Windows Server Evangelism
Agenda
SynergiesSynergies
Windows PlatformWindows Platform
Database ArchitectureDatabase Architecture
Oracle FailsafeOracle Failsafe
Active Directory, Visual Studio IntegrationActive Directory, Visual Studio Integration
SummarySummary
Commitment to Windows
Oracle7 was the first database to ship on Windows in 1994
Windows Server is a base development platform for Oracle
Windows Server is a Tier 1, fully supported platform for Oracle
Focused Engineering and Product management groups for Windows-specific integration projects
Supported both 32-bit and 64-bit Windows Server 2003 on day of O/S release
Partnering with Microsoft
Oracle sponsors Microsoft events
(PDC 2003, TechEd 2004, 2005)
Microsoft sponsors Oracle events
OracleWorld 2004, UKOUG
Communication channels open at various levels in the organizations
Joint support contacts for customer escalations
How we jointly solve problems
Conference calls, briefings, etc.
Oracle on Windows: Widely Deployed
29% of Oracle’s revenues are from Windows
Growth of 8.4% on previous year
2004 Oracle Revenues by OS 2004 Oracle Revenues by OS for new license salesfor new license sales
Source: Gartner Research - May 2005 ID G00127787Source: Gartner Research - May 2005 ID G00127787
Unix 49%
Linux 20%
Windows 29%
Other 2%
8.4%
Available December 20, 2005 Source: Transaction Processing Council (TPC), http://www.tpc.org
World Record TPC-H 1000 GB BenchmarkUsing an Bull NovaScale 5160
with 16 Intel Itanium 2 processors on 64-bit Windows 2003,
Oracle Database 10g Release 2 achieved 15,070 QphH@1000GB
with a price-performance 44.33 US $ per QphH@1000GB.
Information Sources
Oracle Web
http://otn.oracle.com/windows
Windows IT Pro
http://www.windowsitpro.com/oracleonwindows
Microsoft
http://www.microsoft.com
Search for ORACLE
Agenda
SynergiesSynergies
Windows 64-bit PlatformWindows 64-bit Platform
Database ArchitectureDatabase Architecture
Oracle FailsafeOracle Failsafe
Active Directory, Visual Studio IntegrationActive Directory, Visual Studio Integration
SummarySummary
x64 Platform Opportunities
ScalabilityScalability
Bre
ad
th o
f A
pp
lica
tio
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Bre
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64-bit IPF64-bit IPF
Most ScalableMost Scalable
VersatileVersatileMainstreamMainstream
64-bit x6464-bit x64
32-bit x8632-bit x86
Source Code BasesWindows now supports three architectures: x86, x64 and Itanium
All binary versions of Windows for a given release are created from the same source base that follows cross-platform coding rules and is compiled to a specific instruction set
Does not mean that each binary version has the same features
A single binary version of Windows for x64 supports both AMD’s AMD64 and Intel’s EM64T architectures
RTM Summer 2006RTM Summer 2006
Released Mar , 2005Released Mar , 200532-bit – Service Pack 1 for 2003 releases32-bit – Service Pack 1 for 2003 releases64-bit – Service Pack 1 for 2003 releases 64-bit – Service Pack 1 for 2003 releases and full releases of Windows Server 2003 and full releases of Windows Server 2003 (STD, ENT, DTC) x64 Editions and Windows (STD, ENT, DTC) x64 Editions and Windows XP Professional x64 EditionXP Professional x64 Edition
Windows ComputeWindows ComputeCluster Server 2003Cluster Server 2003(X64)(X64)
Windows Server 2003 SP 1 Windows Server 2003 SP 1 (x86, X64, Itanium)(x86, X64, Itanium)Windows XPWindows XPProfessional x64 EditionProfessional x64 Edition
Windows Windows Server 2003Server 2003Code BaseCode Base
Memory and CPU LimitsGeneral Memory Limits 32-bit 64-bit
Total Virtual Address Space 4 GB 16 TB
Virtual Address Space per 32-bit process2GB (3 GB if system
is booted with /3gb switch)
4GB if compiled with /LARGEADDRESSAWARE
2GB otherwise
Virtual Address Space per 64-bit processNot applicable 8 TB
Paged Pool 470 MB 128 GB
Non-Paged Pool 256 MB 128 GB
System Cache1 GB
1 TB
Physical Memory and CPU Limits1 32-bit 64-bit
Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 NA 32 GB / 1-4 CPUs
Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition 4 GB / 1-4 CPUs 32 GB / 1-4 CPUs
Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition64 GB / 1-8 CPUs 1 TB / 1-8 CPUs
Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition64 GB / 1-32 CPUs 1 TB / 1-64 CPUs
Features Not Supported in any 64-bit Windows Product
Subsystems
Microsoft® DOS
16-bit
OS/2 subsystem
Portable Operating System Interface for UNIX (POSIX)*
Legacy Transport Protocols
32-Bit Application Support
64-bit Windows supports 32-bit code via a 32-bit emulation component called Windows on Windows 64 (WOW64)
Most 32-bit applications operate seamlessly
Applications using 16-bit application installers
64-bit Windows does not run 16-bit code
Detect many 16-bit installers and transparently instantiates 32-bit version
Microsoft is working with existing installer vendors
Applications that require 32-bit file system filter drivers or other kernel-mode drivers
64-bit Windows requires all such drivers to be 64-bit native
Applications that explicitly install and require a 32-bit kernel-mode system
Microsoft is working with application vendors
/LARGEADDRESSAWARE
Switch available on all current MS linkers
On 32-bit Windows, enables 3GB of VA for application (when booted /3GB)
Same 32-bit app on Win64 gets full 4GB of user-mode VA, no /3GB necessary
Default for 64-bit applications
x64 Server Options
x64 hardware supports multiple configurations
Extends hardware investment by allowing gradual migration to 64-bit computing
Server Hardware
Device Drivers
Windows Servers
Applications
32-bit Stack 64-bit StackHybrid Stack
x64
32-bit
32-bit
32-bit
x64
x64
x64
32-bit
x64
x64
x64
x64
x64
Microsoft® Visual Studio® 2005Provides a 32-bit Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Installs on 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows
Contains 64-bit tools and components such as the Microsoft® .NET Framework and Common Language Runtime
x64 and Itanium at parity in this release including:
Visual Studio IDE for editing, building, and debugging 64-bit projects
Microsoft® C++® compilers targeting either x64 or Itanium (64-bit-hosted and cross-compilers)
Managed code generation which can be agnostic, 32-bit only, or 64-bit only
Support for MFC and ATL frameworks in 64bit environment
Platform SDK
x64 Performance
Improvementsx64 removes x86 virtual address (VA) limitations
As much as 170% improvement in system VA constrained scenarios like TS
Currently 32% improvement in user VA constrained scenarios like SAP SD 2-tier
Large memory aware applications benefit from 4GB of user VA space on x64
Additional registers and improved calling interface benefit many applications
Enterprise Workloads: TS
Knowledge-workerW2K3 x64 supports 170% more users than W2K3 x86
Improvementsx64 removes x86 VA limitations
x64 runs 32-bit user-mode apps at full speed
Locking improvements
Registry improvements
Scheduling and timer handling improvements
Memory management improvements
Terminal Server Knowledge Worker WorkloadHP DL585 4P Dual Core 2.2 GHz Opteron
-329
-329
-329
-329
-329
-329
-329
-329
-329
RTM SP1 x86 SP1 x64
Kn
ow
led
ge
Wo
rker
s
Enterprise Workloads: SAP
SD 2-tier user, W2K3 x6432% more users W2K3 x86 on Single Core (SC) Opteron
74% more users on Dual Core (DC) compared to SC
ImprovementsMemory management improvements (all architectures)
WinSock improvements for better and more reliable connections
SAP improvements
64 bit versions avoid map/un-map operations on every transaction
SAP Sales & Distribution Workload HP DL585 4P AMD64 Opteron
-308
-308
-308
-308
-308
-308
-308
-308
-308
-308
-308
W2K3 x86(SC)
W2K3 x64(SC)
W2K3 x64(DC)
SA
P S
D 2
-tie
r U
sers
Source:http://www50.sap.com/benchmarkdata/sd2tier.asp as of May 20, 2005
Enterprise Workloads: TPC-C
Improvements
W2K3 SP1 ADS supports 64gb vs. 32gb on W2K3
Storport and overall I/O improvements
Disk driver performance affects overall x64 performance ±5%
Windows Server 2003 x64
x64 provides 4gb user virtual address space for large memory aware 32-bit applications
Native x64 allows “flat memory model” removing need for AWE map and un-map
-375
-375
-375
-375
-375
-375
-375
-375
-375
-375
-375
IBM x366 4p SCW2K3 sp1 x86
HP DL585 4P DCW2K3 sp1 x86
tpm
C
-127
-127
-127
-127
-127
-127
W2K3 sp1 x86, x86 Database W2K3 x64, x64 Database
tpm
C
Source: http://www.tpc.org as of May 20, 2005
File Server: NetBench
Peak ThroughputW2K3 sp1 x86: 12% higher than RTM
ImprovementsAvoid split-writes
Stable storage flag
Increased VA does not help NetBench workload because it has a small working set
ConfigurationHP DL 585
4P 2.4GHz AMD64 Single Core
8GB RAM
NetBench peak throughput
-411
-411
-411
-411
-411
-411
-411
-411
-411
-411
W2K3 x86 W2K3 sp1 x86
Mb
ps
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
2 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 160
Win2k3 RTM
Win2k3 SP1RC2 - x86
Web Server: Hosting
Site capacityW2K3 sp1 x86 can host 25% more sites than W2K3 with 16 GB RAM
W2K3 x64 can host more sites than W2K3 sp1 x86
20k site startup timeW2K3 = 39.5 seconds
W2K3 sp1 x86 = 9.5 seconds
W2K3 sp1 x64 = 9.5 seconds
ImprovementsReduced metabase accesses and optimized lookups improved startup
Utilization of workstation GC heap improved capacity.
Configuration4p AMD Opteron 2.4 GHz Single Core
16 GB RAM 32 bit, 32 GB RAM 64 bit
-338
-338
-338
-338
-338
-338
-338
-338
W2K3 x86 + .NET 1.1 16GB W2K3 sp1 x86 + .NET 1.1sp1 16GB
W2K3 x64 + .NET 1.1 sp1(wow64) 32GB
Web Server: HTTP.SYS
Kernel-mode support for SSL
50% better SSL performance on SPECweb99ssl
Latency improvements in HTTP.SYSAvoid delayed-ack or WAN latency impact on worker processes
Centralized W3C logging
Provides most of the performance benefits of centralized binary logging with text output
Greater connection capacity
Lower per connection memory usage
Smarter throttling (triggered by NPP usage rather than pre-set limit)
Networking: Connection Scalability
Sustained Connections
W2K3 SP1 x64 has 2 times the capacity of x86 (with 2GB RAM)
Capacity should now scale with CPU/physical memory
Improvements
x86 VA limitations removed
Configuration
HP DL145
2P 1.8GHz AMD64 Single Core
2GB RAM
Connection scalability
-305
-305
-305
-305
-305
-305
-305
W2K3 W2K3 SP1x86
W2K3 x64
Co
nn
ecti
on
s
Networking Improvements
Algorithm and data structure changes for W2K3 sp1
Connection management improvements for internet-facing servers
50% reduction in CPU usage for MSN servers
Syn-attack detection improvements
50% reduction in syn-attack detection overhead
WinSock improvements for SAP
poll() and select() improvements
Internet2 Land Speed Record (multi-stream) on 64-bit Windows
AMD64 sender, IA64 receiver
7.1 Gbps sent from Caltech to CERN (Geneva)
Server Performance SummaryImprovements
Terminal Server KW: 170% more users on x64 compared to x86
SAP SD 2-tier: 32% more users on x64 compared to x86
TPC-C: 6.5% higher throughput on x64 compared to x86
NetBench: 12% W2K3 to W2K3 sp1 x86
Hosting Capacity: 88% W2K3 to W2K3 sp1 x86
LCW: 10% W2K3 to sp1 x86 + .NET sp1
SSL: 50% better SPECweb99ssl
Connection scalability: 2x from x86 to x64
Reduced impact of firewall, latency
Diagnostics improvements
Agenda
SynergiesSynergies
Windows 64-bit PlatformWindows 64-bit Platform
Database ArchitectureDatabase Architecture
Oracle FailsafeOracle Failsafe
Active Directory, Visual Studio IntegrationActive Directory, Visual Studio Integration
SummarySummary
Database Architecture
Thread model, not a port of Oracle’s process architecture
Oracle.exe, 1 process many threads
3GB (32-bit) or 8TB (64-bit) maximum memory per database instance. VLM support allows >3GB on 32-bit.
32-bit: VLM Support
SGA
Code
Windows Server 2003 Memory Limits (32-bit)
Standard Edition:4GB
Enterprise Edition:32GB
Datacenter Edition:64GB
database threads/memory
3GB with AWE
16G
B
rest of
RAMFor O/S, other apps
For Kernel 1GB
32-bit: VLM Support
SGA minus db buffers
SGA
Code
rest of
RAM
For O/S, other apps
3GB with AWE
16G
B
Window on dbbuffers in AWE mem
Extended memoryavailable for db buffers via AWE calls
Memory from AWE callsused for db buffers only.The amount of AWE memory allocatedequals db_block_sizetimes db_block_buffers.
Oracle operating system process. Normally limited to 3GB of address space. With VLM, Oracle can get up to 64GB of database buffers.
For Kernel 1GB
64-bit
Interoperability between 32-bit clients and 64-bit servers and vice versa
Improved performance, availability and scalability
Timeline10.1.0.4 available NOW
32-bit to 64-bit upgrade process is simple32-bit data files are compatible with 64-bit DBNo need to recreate the databaseFull export and import not required
Database Upgrade Assistant automates process
Transparent migration for end-user applicationsNo changes required to existing client applications when running against 64-bit database
Database Architecture
File I/O
Oracle10g supports asynchronous I/O to all types of files
Logical and physical raw files and partitions are fully supported (faster than NTFS)
Full 64-bit file I/O internally
Maximum file size is 64GB
Maximum database size is 4 petabytes
Database Architecture
Developed for Windows
Integration with Performance Monitor
Integration with Event Log
Integrated with Windows Services
10TB database in production
Unlimited scalability on 64-bit
New for Windows Server 2003
Large Page support
For instances with large memory requirements, large page support can improve performance.
NUMA support for memory/scheduling
Database intelligently allocates memory and schedules threads based on node configuration
Oracle on Windows
All development Tools in place
ODP Drivers
10.1.0.4 ODP.Net driver available
Oracle Developer Tools for Visual Studio .NET
Oracle Explorer
Designers and Wizards
Automatic Code Generation
PL/SQL Editor
Beta Support for .Net Language Stored Procedures
Stored Procedure Testing
Oracle Data Window
SQL Query Window
Integrated Help System
Cross-platform Security Integration (Kerberos)
With the Oracle Advanced Security Option, cross-platform Kerberos support is enabled
A Windows client can connect to a non-Windows server securely
Integrated with Microsoft Key Distribution Center (MSKDC)
Active Directory Integration
Database registration and name resolutionStore and resolve connect descriptors through AD
Eliminate tnsnames.ora on clients
Centralize configuration, reduce administration
Enhanced tools support for storing connect descriptors
Windows Explorer, AD Users and Computers
Oracle DB Configuration Assistant, Net Manager, Net Configuration Assistant
Database Name Resolution
Microsoft AD
WindowsEnvironment
2 - User specifies AD-stored
connect string4- Connection to
database is established
3 - Connect string is resolved
from ADS via Oracle Net
Oracle 10g
1 – Admin uses Oracle Net Manager or
DBCA to populate AD
connect string data
Single Sign-on Support (client/server)
Windows Native Authentication adapter provides:
O/S authentication for database users
Database lookup of O/S-enabled roles
Authentication done via Kerberos
With the purchase of the Advanced Security Option, single sign-on can be done over SSL as well
Integrated with Microsoft Certificate Store (MCS) for X.509 certificates
Single Sign-on Support (three-tier)
Oracle’s mid-tier Single Sign-On server (SSO) is also integrated with Windows and Active Directory
Allows single sign-on support via Web browser credentials
Windows Authentication Plug-in allows interoperability between Oracle iAS (application server) and AD
User Sign-On to Oracle
OraclePortal
DelegatedAdministration
Console
OracleE-Business
SuiteRelease 11i
Oracle Internet Directory
Oracle10g Single Sign-On
Microsoft Active
Directory
WindowsEnvironment
1- Userattemptsto sign
on
2- Oracle Authentication
3- User identity
confirmed
4- Authentication via Windows
Plug-in
Agenda
SynergiesSynergies
Database ArchitectureDatabase Architecture
Systems ManagementSystems Management
Oracle FailsafeOracle Failsafe
SummarySummary
Oracle Fail Safe
High Availability for solutions deployed on Windows clusters
Supports Windows Server 2003 (and Windows 2000 Server and Windows NT Server) clusters
Support for Oracle Database, iAS, E-Business Suite 11i, Forms 6i, and Reports 6i
Provides fast fail over, high availability
Supports up to 8 nodes on Windows Server 2003
Integrates with MSCS for resource failover
Conclusion
Oracle has been committed to Windows Server since its inception
Oracle is strongly integrated with the Windows Server Platform
Oracle is a top performing DBMS on Windows Server
Oracle is available on all Windows Server implementations (all editions, 32-bit, 64-bit Itanium, & this year 64-bit AMD/EM64T)