Study of the Relationship between Peer-to-Peer Systems and IP Multicasting T. Oh-ishi, K. Sakai, K. Kikuma, and A. Kurokawa NTT Network Service Systems Laboratories, NTT Corporation IEEE Communications Magazine, vol41(1), Jan. 2003 Presented by Ho Tsz Kin 28/01/2004
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Study of the Relationship between Peer-to-Peer Systems and IP Multicasting
Study of the Relationship between Peer-to-Peer Systems and IP Multicasting. T. Oh-ishi, K. Sakai, K. Kikuma, and A. Kurokawa NTT Network Service Systems Laboratories, NTT Corporation IEEE Communications Magazine , vol41(1), Jan. 2003 Presented by Ho Tsz Kin 28/01/2004. Agenda. Introduction - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Study of the Relationship between Peer-to-Peer Systems and IP Multicasting
T. Oh-ishi, K. Sakai, K. Kikuma, and A. KurokawaNTT Network Service Systems Laboratories, NTT Corporation
IEEE Communications Magazine, vol41(1), Jan. 2003
Presented by Ho Tsz Kin28/01/2004
Agenda Introduction Features of P2P Systems IP Multicasting over P2P Systems Routing Protocol Evaluation Conclusion
Introduction Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems
Involve a number of directly connected “peers” exchanging various types of information among themselves
Problems of P2P systems Not specific application Generate a lot of network traffic Require the resources of every peer (e.g.
CPU, memory, and bandwidth)
Introduction IP multicasting
Is mainly for live streaming services Can solve problems of P2P systems
Applying IP multicasting to P2P systems Is it applicable? Is it worth? What is the suitable routing protocol? What happen when part of the network does
not support IP multicasting?
Features of P2P Systems Current P2P systems
Send broadcast packets or a series of identical unicast packets to peers
Two types Hybrid P2P Pure P2P
Two phases
Features of P2P systems Discovery phase
Heavier traffic in Pure P2P system Delivery phase
No differences between Pure and Hybrid P2P systems All peers must have the same messages. When new
messages arrive, they should be passed on to all the other peers
Features of P2P systems P2P systems essentially require a broadcast mechanism
use a series of unicast or broadcast packets Continuous unicast packets
Need substantial CPU power and bandwidth of peers and all of the network resources
Broadcast packets wasting various resources Security problem
IP multicasting Solution for broadcast mechanism in P2P systems
IP multicasting over P2P Systems
Almost all P2P application produce heavy traffic
Reduction of such traffic using IP multicasting seems to be effective
IP multicasting over P2P Systems
Comparison between live streaming and P2P systems
Live Streaming P2P Systems
Contents sender Can only be streaming servers
All peers can be senders
Opportunities to update member list
Updating when content receivers joins/leaves
Updating when content senders and receivers joins/leaves
Types of traffic flow Video streams Few packets per event
Range of propagation
Intra-ISP or inter-ISP Intra-ISP or inter-ISP
Number of content senders
Smaller than the number of content receiver
Same as the number of content receivers
Join/leave of contents sender
Statically Dynamically
Routing Protocol PIM
The protocols compose multicast trees using routing tables made by an arbitrary unicast routing protocol