PRODUCTION OF BLAST RESISTANT AND HIGH YIELDING BASMATI 370 HYBRIDS RICE RESEARCH PROJECT DR. Paul Njiruh Nthakanio Dr. James I. Kanya Dr. John M. Kimani Dr. Raphael Wanjogu FUNDED / COLLABORATORS NATIONAL IRRIGATION BOARB , EUC, UoN, KARI
Feb 23, 2016
PRODUCTION OF BLAST RESISTANT AND HIGH YIELDING BASMATI
370 HYBRIDS RICE RESEARCH PROJECT
DR. Paul Njiruh NthakanioDr. James I. Kanya Dr. John M. Kimani
Dr. Raphael Wanjogu FUNDED / COLLABORATORS
NATIONAL IRRIGATION BOARB , EUC, UoN, KARI
Objectives
• To produce hybrid Basmati rice seeds that significantly yield higher than pure lines.
• To produce blast (Pyricularia oryzae) resistant Basmati hybrid rice with aroma gene.
• Determine yield traits in hybrid rice between PGMS/TGMS and Basmati370.
• To train farmers on hybrid seed production.
Part of the project
Breeding hybrid rice using Photo/Thermo Genic Male Sterile (P/TGMS) in the tropics- from greenhouse to the field.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background • Amount of rice consumed in Kenya outstrips Production by over 200% (300,000tones – 100,000 production=200,000)• Each year about Ksh20billion is taken out of
the country • Why?
1.2 Fact of on Food demand/supply
• By year 2030 Kenya population is expected to be 60.0million
• Where will food come from ?• Climate change effects: shorter rain seasons • Agricultural revolutions since 196os a) Green revolution b) Agricultural Biotechnology c) Hybrid rice technology
1.3 Hybrid rice
• Hybrid rice has been have over 25% yield advantage over pure breed dwarf lines (Kush et al 1994)
• To produce hybrid a female parent that is male sterile is needed and a fertile male is needed
1.4 Hybrid Technology
Use of hybrid vigour to in hybrid
Better Parent (BP) heterosis(F1 performs better than better parent
= F1-BP x100 BP
How it works
Working Mechanism of Hybrid rice seed technology
RICE MATERIALS
FEMALE PARENT 1) V1 - IR-73827-23-76-15-7 S (TTB03) - PGMS2) V2- IR-77271-42-25-4-36 S (TTB02) - TGMS 3) V3- IR-75589-31-27-8-332S (TTB01) –
PGMSPollen Donors 1) Basmati (370 and 217)
x
S -line
Restorer parent (R/P)
Hybrid plant
Hybridization
Working mechanism of technology
• PGMS/TGMS
FertileS-line
Multiplication
Critical Fertility Point
Critical Sterility Point
Reproductive Upper Limit
Reproductive Lower Limit
SterileF1 Seed
Production
Partial Sterility
Model of Sterility / Fertility Expression for TGMS Rice
Temperature
low
high
2.0 SCOPE OF THIS RESEARCH
Scope 1. Induce complete sterility in female parents under greenhouse conditions Outputs Achievements : 100% sterility realized see below
Approaches of realization female parent sterility
1. Work in Greenhouse
a b
Fig. 1 EGMS growing in a greenhouse. Fig. a and b show EGMS and the greenhouse respectively
Complete male sterile EGMS
a b cFig. 2 EGMS under sterility inducing conditions. Fig a shows EGMS growing in paddy trough, Fig.b is a sterile panicle while Fig.c is pollen from sterile panicle.
2. Natural conditions – done at Mtwapa • Produce hybrid between Basmati x EGMS
V3 Basmati
Milestone
• It is now possible to produce hybrid seeds without contamination from selfbred
• Complete male emasculation under natural conditions will enable bulk production of hybrid seeds.
Scope 2. Produce hybrid seed
•
Hybrid Basmati370Fig. 2 Hybri and Basmati 370 compared
Products of Hybridization
Scope 3. Produce Basmati with PGMS gene
• Suitability trials are now going on
Fig. 1 RIL Basmati370 with PGMS gene. This will be used as female in cross with B370
Achievement
70% Accomplished
Achievements
• Hybridization will be done as below RILBASMATI X BASMATI370
Hybrid seeds NB: In this way Basmati traits will be retianed
Scope 4: Produce super yielding rice
Lines under trials
Seed evaluation
Celebrating the Results