PRODUCTION OF BLAST RESISTANT AND HIGH YIELDING BASMATI
370 HYBRIDS RICE RESEARCH PROJECT
DR. Paul Njiruh NthakanioDr. James I. Kanya Dr. John M. Kimani
Dr. Raphael Wanjogu FUNDED / COLLABORATORS
NATIONAL IRRIGATION BOARB , EUC, UoN, KARI
Objectives
• To produce hybrid Basmati rice seeds that significantly yield higher than pure lines.
• To produce blast (Pyricularia oryzae) resistant Basmati hybrid rice with aroma gene.
• Determine yield traits in hybrid rice between PGMS/TGMS and Basmati370.
• To train farmers on hybrid seed production.
Part of the project
Breeding hybrid rice using Photo/Thermo Genic Male Sterile (P/TGMS) in the tropics- from greenhouse to the field.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background • Amount of rice consumed in Kenya outstrips Production by over 200% (300,000tones – 100,000 production=200,000)• Each year about Ksh20billion is taken out of
the country • Why?
1.2 Fact of on Food demand/supply
• By year 2030 Kenya population is expected to be 60.0million
• Where will food come from ?• Climate change effects: shorter rain seasons • Agricultural revolutions since 196os a) Green revolution b) Agricultural Biotechnology c) Hybrid rice technology
1.3 Hybrid rice
• Hybrid rice has been have over 25% yield advantage over pure breed dwarf lines (Kush et al 1994)
• To produce hybrid a female parent that is male sterile is needed and a fertile male is needed
1.4 Hybrid Technology
Use of hybrid vigour to in hybrid
Better Parent (BP) heterosis(F1 performs better than better parent
= F1-BP x100 BP
How it works
Working Mechanism of Hybrid rice seed technology
RICE MATERIALS
FEMALE PARENT 1) V1 - IR-73827-23-76-15-7 S (TTB03) - PGMS2) V2- IR-77271-42-25-4-36 S (TTB02) - TGMS 3) V3- IR-75589-31-27-8-332S (TTB01) –
PGMSPollen Donors 1) Basmati (370 and 217)
x
S -line
Restorer parent (R/P)
Hybrid plant
Hybridization
Working mechanism of technology
• PGMS/TGMS
FertileS-line
Multiplication
Critical Fertility Point
Critical Sterility Point
Reproductive Upper Limit
Reproductive Lower Limit
SterileF1 Seed
Production
Partial Sterility
Model of Sterility / Fertility Expression for TGMS Rice
Temperature
low
high
2.0 SCOPE OF THIS RESEARCH
Scope 1. Induce complete sterility in female parents under greenhouse conditions Outputs Achievements : 100% sterility realized see below
Approaches of realization female parent sterility
1. Work in Greenhouse
a b
Fig. 1 EGMS growing in a greenhouse. Fig. a and b show EGMS and the greenhouse respectively
Complete male sterile EGMS
a b cFig. 2 EGMS under sterility inducing conditions. Fig a shows EGMS growing in paddy trough, Fig.b is a sterile panicle while Fig.c is pollen from sterile panicle.
2. Natural conditions – done at Mtwapa • Produce hybrid between Basmati x EGMS
V3 Basmati
Milestone
• It is now possible to produce hybrid seeds without contamination from selfbred
• Complete male emasculation under natural conditions will enable bulk production of hybrid seeds.
Scope 2. Produce hybrid seed
•
Hybrid Basmati370Fig. 2 Hybri and Basmati 370 compared
Products of Hybridization
Scope 3. Produce Basmati with PGMS gene
• Suitability trials are now going on
Fig. 1 RIL Basmati370 with PGMS gene. This will be used as female in cross with B370
Achievement
70% Accomplished
Achievements
• Hybridization will be done as below RILBASMATI X BASMATI370
Hybrid seeds NB: In this way Basmati traits will be retianed
Scope 4: Produce super yielding rice
Lines under trials
Seed evaluation
Celebrating the Results
