ight ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 2-1 Personality • The sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others • Most often described in terms of measurable traits that a person exhibits, such as shy, aggressive, submissive, lazy, ambitious, loyal and timid
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Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 2-1
Personality
• The sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others
• Most often described in terms of measurable traits that a person exhibits, such as shy, aggressive, submissive, lazy, ambitious, loyal and timid
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 2-2
Measuring Personality
• Self-reports Surveys Most common Prone to error
• Observer-ratings Surveys Independent assessment May be more accurate
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 2-3
Personality Determinants
• Heredity is the most dominant factor Twin studies: genetics more
influential than parents
• Environmental factors do have some influence
• Aging influences levels of ability Basic personality is constant
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 2-4
Measuring Personality Traits:
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator • Most widely used personality-
assessment instrument in the world• Individuals are classified as:
Extroverted or Introverted (E/I) Sensing or Intuitive (S/N) Thinking or Feeling (T/F) Judging or Perceiving (J/P)
• Classifications combined into 16 personality types (i.e. INTJ or ESTJ)
• Unrelated to job performance
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Style ofStyle ofDecision MakingDecision Making Judgmental (J)Judgmental (J)
Perceptive (P)Perceptive (P)
Preference forPreference forDecision MakingDecision Making Thinking (T)Thinking (T)
Feeling (F)Feeling (F)
Type of SocialType of SocialInteractionInteraction Introvert (I)Introvert (I)
Extrovert (E)Extrovert (E)
Preference forPreference forGathering DataGathering Data Intuitive (N)Intuitive (N)
Sensing (S)Sensing (S)
Myers-Briggs Type IndicatorMyers-Briggs Type Indicator
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Extraversion IntroversionInterest Orientation
E ITalkative,
Sociable,
Friendly,
Outspoken
Shy,
Reserved,
Quite,
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Sensing iNtuitionPerception
S NOrganised,
Practical,
Focus Detail.
Less Regular,
Unconscious,
Focus Big Picture
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Thinking FeelingJudgment
T FReliability of logical order – cause and
effect,
Apathy
Priorities based on personal
importance and values,
Sympathy
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
ISTJ“Take Your Time and Do It Right”
ISFJ“On My Honor,
to Do My Duty…”
INFJ“Catalyst for
Positive Change”
INTJ“Competence + Independence =
Perfection”
ISTP“Doing the Best I Can With What
I’ve Got”
ISFP“It’s the Thought
That Counts”
INFP“Still Waters Run
Deep”
INTP“Ingenious
Problem Solvers”
ESTP“Let’s Get Busy!”
ESFP“Don’t Worry, Be Happy”
ENFP“Anything’s
Possible”
ENTP“Life’s
Entrepreneurs”
ESTJ“Taking Care of
Business”
ESFJ“What Can I Do
For You?”
ENFJ“The Public
Relations Specialist”
ENTJ“Everything’s Fine – I’m in
Charge”
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 2-14
Measuring Personality Traits:
The Big-Five Model• Five Traits:
Extraversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Emotional Stability Openness to Experience
• Strongly supported relationship to job performance (especially Conscientiousness)
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Personality Structure:The “Big Five” Personality Factors*
(Each factor is a continuum of many related traits)
Agreeableness
Adjustment(Stable, confident, effective) (Nervous, self-doubting, moody)
Sociability(Gregarious , energetic, self-dramatizing) (Shy, unassertive, withdrawn)
Conscientiousness(Planful, neat, dependable) (Impulsive, careless, irresponsible)
(Warm, tactful, considerate) (Independent, cold, rude)
Intellectual Openness(Imaginative, curious, original) (Dull, unimaginative, literal-minded)
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
The Big Five Personality DimensionsThe Big Five Personality Dimensions
ExtraversionExtraversion:: Outgoing, talkative, sociable, assertive
AgreeablenessAgreeableness:: Trusting, good natured, cooperative, soft hearted
ConscientiousnessConscientiousness:: Dependable, responsible, achievement oriented,
persistent
Emotional stabilityEmotional stability:: Relaxed, secure, unworried
Openness to experience:Openness to experience: Intellectual, imaginative, curious, broad minded
Research findingResearch finding:: Conscientiousness is the best (but not a strong) predictor of job
performance
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 2-17
Major Personality Attributes Influencing OB
• Core self-evaluation Self like/dislike
• Type A personality Competitive, urgent, and driven
• Self-monitoring Adjusts behavior to meet external, situational factors
• Proactive personality Identifies opportunities, shows initiative, takes action and perseveres
Copyright ©2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Other KeyOther KeyPersonalityPersonalityAttributesAttributes
LocusLocusof Controlof Control
Self-EsteemSelf-Esteem
RiskRiskPropensityPropensity
Type AType APersonalityPersonality
MachiavellianMachiavellianPersonalityPersonality
SelfSelfMonitoringMonitoring
Proactive Personality
As per 11th Edition
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