Multi-modal and Inter-modal transportation planning

Multimodal and Intermodal Transportation Planning by Bhasker V. Bhatt is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Free use of the document is allowed with appropriate citation.

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Multimodal and Intermodal Transportation Planning

Prof. Bhasker V. BhattAssistant Professor & PG incharge (ME-TCP) Faculty of Civil Engineering, Sarvajanik College of Engineering & Technology, Surat

Presentation for a lecture during a One-

day seminarOn

“Current Scenario of public

transportation in Surat: Problems and remedies”

Friday, 7th October 2016

atBhagwan Mahavir

College of Engineering &

Technology, Surat07-Oct-16

We have many facilities and resources, we miss what is known as


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About theme of seminar

Public transportation in Surat: Not Problems, but the opportunities – manifold.

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Introduction

Transport has significant role to play in accelerating urban mobility.

Urban mobility has different dimensions i.e.

Mobility for to work; Education; Social needs; Healthcare and others; Mobility by public, private and personalized modes; and

Mobility through facilitation of various transport infrastructure & services provided by the authorities concerned.

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Introduction

Public Transport modes have vast impact on movement patterns but the same cannot be achieved

-without modal integration-conjunction with some motorized and non-motorized modes such as two-wheelers, auto rickshaws, pedestrians and bicycles.

Hence, there is a need to evolve multi modal transport system particularly through proper planning of existing modes and design of physical infrastructures.

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Concept

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Concept

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Multi Modal Transport provides multiple choices to enable a trip to be performed by commuters.

The critical requirement of the whole system is integration.

Integration needs better planning, design and operation of various modes to provide utility and services for -safe, rapid, convenient and environmentally compatible movement of commuters …………………….. This combination is known as Multi Modal Transport System.

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Public Transport and Other Modes in Selected Metropolitan Cities in India in 2007 (values in %)

Source: WSA + MoUD, GOI (2007).

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PT Share in some cities

43 45

54

3135 35

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Modal Share of Public

Transport(%)

Delhi Mumbai Kolkata Chennai Bangalore Hyderabad

CitiesSource: WSA + MoUD, GOI (2007).

Share of the same should be 75-80%To enhance the ridership of public transport, integration of various modes with mass rapid transit is

required. 07-Oct-16


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MMTS

Personalized Mode + Public Transport = MMTS

Now-a-days, there has been rise in the number of middle class population owning personalized modes.

Further, automobile companies have also been coming up with new models of cars such as NANO/ Driver-less cars by TESLA and others at reasonable low cost. Hence, personalized vehicles are increasing.

It is important to synchronize rail, bus, BRTS, personalized modes, and such to evolve multi modal transport system.

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NMT + Public Transport= MMTS Integration of pedestrians, bicycle and cycle rickshaws with metro to enhance share of non-motorized transport is also desirable.

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MMTS MEthodology

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Case studies

Singapore

Singapore Public Transport Service includes- Bus, - Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), - Light Rail Transit (LRT) and - Taxi.

The amalgamation MRTS with other modes is a good example of multi modal transport system .

Integration Approach -Adoption of common ticketing system so that fare card can be used on both MRTS and buses.

-Availability of proper guidance and information system at both the bus and MRTS stations.

-Restructuring of bus routes to reduce duplicity of services between bus and MRTS.

-New link ways from station entrances to bus shelters, interchanges has been developed.

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http://i140.photobucket.com/albums/r19/theonlinecitizen/Pictures%20Posted%20on%20TOC/Public%20Transport/RS400.jpg

http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dbkl.gov.my/pskl2020/images/figure_103.jpg&imgrefurl=http://klcommuter.blogspot.com/&usg=__JS7xiP99axFt2PBj_dwW8RE69Mc=&h=524&w=448&sz=67&hl=en&start=23&tbnid=p29Vhhyi4L8P9M:&tbnh=132&tbnw=113&prev=/images?q%3Dinterchange%2Bdesign%2Bin%2BSingapore%2BPublic%2BTransport%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20


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Case studies

Stuttgart

Stuttgart Passenger Transport System is a good example of an efficient MMTS.

Modes: - Regional Rapid Transit System (S- Bahn)- Metro System ( U- Bahn)- Bus - Taxi

Integration Approach - Unified ticket system, - co-ordianted time-tables, - efficient design at transit to minimize transfer penalty. - Stuttgart city is divided into different kernels (zones) for ticketing purpose.

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http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/images/697170_1258198_425_282_09A87.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.daimler.com/dccom/0-5-7153-1-1173677-1-0-0-0-0-0-9293-7145-0-0-0-0-0-0-0.html&usg=__cyyG7Qjqp9BELcd6KhnsjIXdCic=&h=283&w=425&sz=32&hl=en&start=31&tbnid=myirxNTE2Ac9LM:&tbnh=84&tbnw=126&prev=/images?q%3DTransport%2Bin%2BStuttgart%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20

http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://people.reed.edu/~reyn/stuttgart.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.reed.edu/~reyn/transport.html&usg=__7ztY7ZC-Fus3v4INDGtFp5c1Luc=&h=980&w=1318&sz=362&hl=en&start=14&tbnid=OVKxcoEVSGlAXM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=150&prev=/images?q%3DStuuttgart%2BTransport%2BSystem%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG


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What is Intermodal Transportation? “Inter” comes from the Latin language

and means “between”

Involving more than one mode of

transportation

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Intermodal Transportation

Intermodal Cargo Transportation

Intermodal Passenger Transportation

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What is Intermodal Transportation?

Intermodal passenger transport, also called

mixed-mode commuting.

The goal of mixed-mode commuting is often

to combine the strengths of various

transportation options.

A major goal of modern intermodal

passenger transport is to reduce

dependence on the automobile as the

major mode of ground transportation and

increase use of public transport.

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To assist and encourage such trips,

Intermodal Journey planning software - in

the form of online web applications or

mobile device apps - is often available for

travelers to plan and schedule their

journey.

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WHYIntermodal Transportation

•Very Common, but need dedicated planning efforts

•Very Efficient•More Economical

•Cuts down in travel time and costs•Coordination better then in the past possible

•Less handling of goods •Results in less damage and loss of goods

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Logistics managers are looking for the best way to move shipments and these often attempt to take advantage of multiple modes of transportation, each of which has certain useful characteristics.

Intermodal Cargo Transportation

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Types of Intermodal Services

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INCOTERMSforinternational business

(Source: www.nfiindustries.com)

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http://www.nfiindustries.com/blog/intro-to-incoterms/


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Biggest disadvantage is that carriers are reluctant to participate.

Cultural bias towards using only one mode, and this makes change more difficult.

Certain types have been fairly well developed, such as rail/water, motor/water, rail/motor, and motor/air.

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Referred to as Container-on-Flat-Car (COFC); goods are placed in a large box, where they are untouched until they arrive at the consignee's unloading dock.

Reduces theft, damage, multiple handling costs and intermodal transfer time.

Changes materials handling from labor intensive to capital intensive and may reduce costs from 10 to 20%.

Intermodal Transportation:Containerization

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“Land bridge” concept may apply for international shipments where oceans are separated by a large land mass.

For example, containers moving from Japan to Europe may dock at Long Beach, CA, transfer the containers to a railroad, and reload the containers onboard another ship in Norfolk, VA., continuing on to a European port.

Intermodal Transportation:Containerization

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Intermodal Transportation: RoadRailers

Newest concept referred to as a “RoadRailer”Essentially a trailer that has been reinforced to ride on a rail bogey and be coupled together directly without first being placed on a rail flat car.

Saves weight and locomotive power and thus fuel for the railroad

Special lower ratesMotor competitive transit times

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Intermodal Passenger Transportation

Everyday lives are taken for granted in urban areas

www.deccanchronicle.com

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http://www.deccanchronicle.com/151224/nation-current-affairs/article/hyderabad-risky-road-users-put-lives-others-danger


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Forms of Passenger Transportation

WalkBusPlanesTrainsCycleCarsElevatorsWater

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http://www.hover.globalinternet.co.uk/contents.html


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Summary on concept:

Combination of several modes of

transportation to get from one place to

another

Passengers do use Intermodal transportation

Efficient System of Transportation is a need of

an hour needs to be addressed

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Automobile to public transport nodes Automobiles are conventionally used as a single-mode

form of transit, they also find use in a variety of mixed-

mode scenarios.

2W can provide a short commute to BRTS, Bus stations,

train stations, airports, and where all-day "park and

ride/paid parking lots" lots are often available.

Taxicabs and Rental cars also play a major role in

providing door-to-door service between airports or train

stations and other points of travel throughout urban,

suburban, and rural communities.

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Bike and Ride

All around the world bicycles are used to get to and from train and other public transportation stations.

This form of intermodal passenger transport is often called "Bike-and-Ride" (the "ride" here confusingly refers to the part of the trip on public transport).

Some train/ bus/ ferry systems allow commuters to take their bicycles on-board the trains/ buses/ ferries allowing cyclists to ride at both ends of the commute.

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Bicycle Sharing

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Bicycle sharing at Gandhinagar

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35(Source: http://cdn.archinect.net/images/1200x/5e/5e81whqm0tpm7osz.jpg)

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Intermodal Terminal

The main objective of a passenger

intermodal terminal is the integrated and

efficient transfer of passengers between various

routes and different modes of transport. In order

to ensure the effectiveness of this essential

function, a terminal should provide:

Reliable and adequate level of service of the

means involved in the operation of the terminal

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Intermodal Terminal

Satisfactory level of facilities serving the

transfer

Provision of low cost travel

Adequate accessibility of the site for all

users (especially the differently-able)

Reduced travel time compared to that

needed for the same trip without transfer

Direct access between two different

platforms for almost all platforms of

different modes of the terminal07-Oct-16


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Bus to public transport nodes

Many large cities link their railway network to their bus network. This enables commuters to get to places that are not serviced directly by rail as they are often considered be too far for walking.

Feeder buses are buses are a specific example of this; feeder buses service local neighborhoods by taking travelers from their homes to nearby train stations which is important if the distances are too far to comfortably walk; at the end of the working day the buses take the travelers home again.

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Disadvantages

The effectiveness of a mixed-mode commute can be measured in many ways: speed to destination, convenience, security, environmental impact, and proximity to mass transit are all factors.

The mixed-mode commutes rely on a certain degree of coordination, scheduling issues with mass transit can often be an issue.

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Disadvantages

For example, a sometimes-late train can be an annoyance, and an often-late train can make a commute impractical.

Weather can also be a factor.

Even when the use of an automobile is involved, the transition from one mode of transportation to another often exposes commuters to the elements. As a result, multi-mode commuters often travel prepared for inclement weather.

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References Various online sources as cited Lecture notes of Dr. M. Parida, IIT-Roorkee during a

QIP Short Term Course on Urban Transportation System Planning (June 17 – June 21, 2013)

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We need to have an integration of all the modes to improve the current traffic scenario in our cities.

THANK YOU.

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