Introduction to DSS MIS

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OUR AIM IS TO EXPLIAN AND ELICUDATE THE BASIC TERMONOLOGIES OF DSS-MIS AND OUR FOCUS WILL BE ON DISCUSSING THE FIRST UNIT OF DSS-MIS

AIM OF OUR PRESENTATION

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DATA IS A SET OF VALUES EITHER QUALITATIVE VARIABLES OR QUANTITAVE VARIABLES, IN A RAW OR UNORGANIZED FORM.

DATA

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IT IS A DATA THAT HAS BEEN PROCESSED IN SUCH A WAY AS TO BE MEANINGFULL FOR THE PERSON WHO RECEIVES IT.

INFORMATION

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RELEVANTACCURATECURRENTCOMPLETE

ECONOMICAL

CHARACTERSTICS OF INFORMATION

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COMPUTER-BASED ISS TAKE DATA AS RAW MATERIAL, PROCESS IT, AND PRODUCE INFORMATION AS OUTPUT.

GENERATING INFORMATION

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Daily sales accountList of low stock items to be re-

orderedList of overstock items

Long overdue payments

Profit and loss account

EXAMPLE OF INFORMATION NEEDED BY A SHOPKEEPER

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STRATEGIC: NEEDED FOR LONG RANGE PLANNING AND DIRECTIONS

OPERATIONAL: NEEDED FOR DAY TO DAY OPERATIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION.

TACTICAL: NEEDED TO TAKE SHORT RANGE DECISIONS TO IMPROVE

TYPES OF INFORMATION

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SYSTEM AS A GROUP OF INTERRELATED COMPONENTS WORKING TOGETHER TOWARD A COMMON GOAL BY ACCEPTING INPUTS AND PRODUCING OUTPUTS IN AN ORGANIZED TRANSFORMATION PROCESS.

SYSTEM

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INPUT PROCESSING OUTPUT

SYSTEM AND ITS THREE BASIC INTERACTING COMPONENTS OR

FUNCTIONS

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A SYSTEM WITH A FEEDBACK IS KNOWN AS CYBERNETIC SYSTEM.

CYBERNETIC SYSTEM

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A SYSTEM DOES NOT EXIST IN A VACUUM; RATHER, IT EXISTS AND FUNCTION IN AN ENVIRONMENT CONTAINING OTHER SYSTEMS.

IF A SYSTEM IS ONE OF THE COMPONENTS OF A LARGER SYSTEM, IT IS THEN REFERRED TO AS A SUBSYSTEM, AND THE LARGER SYSTEM IS ITS ENVIRONMENT.

THE SYSTEM THAT HAS THE ABILITY TO CHANGE ITSELF OR ITS ENVIRONMENT IN ORDER TO SURVIVE IS AN ADAPTIVE system

SYSTEM CHARACTERSTICS

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THE SYSTEMS CAN BE CLASSIFIED IN DIFFERENT CATEGORIES BASED ON THE PREDICTABILITY OF ITS OUTPUT AND THE DEGREE OF INFORMATION EXCHANGE WITH THE ENVIRONMENT

DETERMINISTIC: WHEN THE INPUTS, THE PROCESS AND THE OUTPUTS OF A SYSTEM ARE KNOWN WITH CERTAINTY. IN A DETERMINISTIC SYSTEM, YOU CAN PREDICT THE OUTPUT WITH CERTAINTY.

PROBABILISTIC: WHEN THE OUTPUT CAN ONLY BE PREDICTED IN PROBABILISTIC TERMS. THE ACCOUNTING SYSTEM IS DETERMINISTIC WHILE THE DEMAND FORECASTING SYSTEM IS A PROBABILISTIC ONE.

TYPES OF SYSTEM

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CLOSED SYSTEM : IF A SYSTEM IS FUNCTIONING IN ISOLATION FROM THE ENVIRONMENT, THEN THE SYSTEM DOES NOT HAVE ANY EXCHANGE WITH THE ENVIRONMENT NOR IS IT INFLUENCED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES.

OPEN SYSTEM: IF THE SYSTEM HAS EXCHANGE WITH THE ENVIRONMENT AND IS INFLUENCED BY THE ENVIRONMENT THEN IT IS CALLED AN OPEN SYSTEM.

TYPES OF SYSTEMS

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TYPES OF SYTEMS

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INFORMATION SYSTEM CONSISTS OF PHYSICAL AND NON-PHYSICAL COMPONENTS WORKING TOGETHER.

A COMPUTER COMBINES WITH A SOFTWARE PROGRAM MAY CONSTITUTE AN INFORMATION SYSTEM, BUT ONLY IF THE PROGRAM IS DESIGNED TO PRODUCE INFORMATION THAT HELPS AN ORGANIZATION OR PERSON TO ACHIEVE A SPECIFIC GOAL..

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

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COMPUTER-BASED OR MANUAL SYSTEM - TRANSFORMS DATA INTO INFORMATION TO SUPPORT THE DECISION MAKING. MIS CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS PERFORMING THREE FUNCTIONS.

MANAGEMENT INFORNATION SYSTEM

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(1) TO GENERATE REPORTS - FOR EXAMPLE, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, INVENTORY STATUS REPORTS, OR PERFORMANCE REPORTS NEEDED FOR ROUTINE OR NON-ROUTINE PURPOSES.

(2) TO ANSWER WHAT-IF QUESTIONS ASKED BY MANAGEMENT. FOR EXAMPLE, QUESTIONS SUCH AS "WHAT WOULD HAPPEN TO DEPOSITS IF THE BANK INCREASES INTEREST RATES?" CAN BE ANSWERED BY MIS.

(3) TO SUPPORT DECISION MAKING. THIS TYPE OF MIS IS APPROPRIATELY CALLED DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS).

FUNCTIONS OF MIS

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Sales and marketing

Manufacturing

Finance

Accounting

Human resources

NEED OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

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INFORMATION SYTEM & ORGANIZATION

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Technical Feasibility

Economical Feasibility

Operational Feasibility

FEASIBILITY STUDY

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DECISION MAKING IS A PROCESS OF CHOOSING AMONG ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION FOR THE PURPOSE OF ATTAINING A GOAL OR GOALS.

DECISION MAKING

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THANK YOU