How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF EntArchs Agile Architecture Consulting [email protected] [email protected] MARGO CRONIN NEMANJA KOSTIC
Apr 13, 2017
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
EntArchsAgile Architecture Consulting
[email protected]@entarchs.com
MARGO CRONINNEMANJA KOSTIC
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
STARTING POINT
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COMMON METHODOLOGY
COMMON TOOLING
ARCHITECTURE REPOSITORY
FORMAL ARCHITECTURAL REVIEWS
COMMON MEANS FOR REUSE
REFERENCE ARCHITECTURES
TRACEABILITY
VALID APPLICATION INVENTORY
ARCHITECTURES DRIVEN BY TECHNOLOGY
PRODUCTS RATHER THAN BUSINESS STRATEGY
BUSINESS DRIVEN ENTEPRISE ARCHITECTURE
NO TECHNOLOGY STANDARDS
DUPLICATION OF ASSETS EVERYWHERE
What can you expect to find in organisations WITHOUT mature Enterprise Architecture?
What can you expect to find in organisations WITH mature Enterprise Architecture?
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
GARTNER’S ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE MATURITY
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Level 0: None
Level 1: Initial Level 2: Under
Development
Level 3: Defined Level 4: Managed Level 5: Nirvana
No enterprise architecture to speak of.
Processes are ad hoc and localized. Minimal, or implicit linkage to business strategies. Limited management team awareness or involvement in the architecture process. No explicit governance of architectural standards.
Basic enterprise architecture process is documented. IT vision, principles, business linkages, Baseline, and Target Architecture are identified. Architecture standards exist, but not necessarily linked to Target Architecture. Governance of a few architectural standards.
The architecture is well defined and communicated to IT staff and business management. The process is largely followed. Enterprise architecture is integrated with capital planning and investment control. Senior management team aware of and supportive of the enterprise-wide architecture process. Management actively supports architectural standards. Architecture documents updated regularly.
Enterprise architecture process is part of the culture. Enterprise architecture documentation is updated on a regular cycle Business, Data, Application, and Technology Architectures defined by appropriate standards. Senior management team directly involved in the architecture review process. Explicit governance of all IT investments. All planned IT acquisitions and purchases are guided and governed by the enterprise architecture.
2014 -> present present -> future
E.G. THIS TRANSITION USUALLY TAKES 12 MONTHS
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
ON A GOOD WAY
COMMON STANDARDS
COMMON GOVERNANCE
COMMON METHODOLOGY
TRACEABILITY ACROSS DOMAINS
ARCHITECTURAL REPOSITORY
FORMAL ARCHITECTURAL REVIEWS
COMMON TOOLING
COMMON MEANS FOR SHARING & REUSE
COMMUNITY OF PRACTICES ACROSS DOMAINS
REFERENCE ARCHITECTURES CREATED
END-TO-END TRACEABILITY (BUSINESS CAPABILITIES VIA APPLICATION TO TECHNOLOGY AND DATA)
VALID APPLICATION INVENTORY
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You are on a good way if you have achieved the following:
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
FUTURE STATE
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Where should you be?
YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO DEVELOP THE CAPABILITY AND CREDIBILITY TO EVALUATE EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND TO DRIVE DIGITAL BUSINESS STRATEGY FOR THE ORGANISATIONS.
Inthefullymatureorganisa2ons,EnterpriseArchitectsmust:
CreateaclearstatementofhowEnterpriseArchitecturecancontributetodigitalbusinessoutcomes.
Linkintoexis2ngeffortsorcreateinnova1onprogramstoreachoutandcollaboratewithbusinessgroupsinordertoiden2fyareasthatwillimpactthebusiness.
Createaprocesstoiden1fydisrup1vetechnologieslikelytoimpactyourindustryandorganisa2on.
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
JOURNEY
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THE FOLLOWING SLIDES ARE NOT GOING TO TEACH YOU TOGAF.
THEY WILL SHOW YOU REAL WORLD IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES THAT YOU CAN APPLY TO ALMOST ANY LARGE SCALE ORGANISATIONS.
WE WISH WE SAW THESE SLIDES BEFORE…
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
JOURNEY
IN THE FOLLOWING SLIDES WE’LL SHOW YOU A SET OF PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EACH OF THE ADM PHASES.
WE’LL ALSO SHOW YOU CHALLENGES WE FACED IN EACH OF THE PHASES AS WELL AS SOLUTIONS THAT WE USED TO RESOLVE THOSE CHALLENGES.
EntArchsAgile Architecture Consulting
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
PRELIMINARY PHASE
• OBTAINC-LEVELSUPPORTFORTHEGROUPWIDEENTERPRISEARCHITECTUREACTIVITY
• SELECTAFRAMEWORKTOBEUSED(WECHOSETOGAFADM)
• CREATEASETOFARCHITECTUREPRINCIPLESTOBESIGNEDOFFANDMANDATEDBYCIO.WECREATED60PRINCIPLESCATEGORISEDAS:
‣ GUIDINGPRINCIPLES
‣ ARCHITECTUREMANAGEMENTPRINCIPLES
‣ BUSINESSARCHITECTUREPRINCIPLES
‣ APPLICATIONARCHITECTUREPRINCIPLES
‣ DATAARCHITECTUREPRINCIPLES
‣ TECHNOLOGYARCHITECTUREPRINCIPLES
‣ SECURITYARCHITECTUREPRINCIPLES
• STARTEVALUATINGWHATTOOLSCANBEREUSEDFORTHEENTERPRISEARCHITECTUREACTIVITY
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How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
PRELIMINARY PHASE
• HOWTOSELLTHEEAVALUETOTHEWIDERCOMMUNITY?
‣ DevelopasetofusecasestoshowwhatbenefitsEnterpriseArchitecturecanbringtothebusinessintermsofcostsavings,strategyexecu2on,roadmapsdevelopment,impactanalysisetc.
• HOWTOADOPTARCHITECTUREPRINCIPLES?
‣ Includeandengageasmanypeopleaspossibleintheprocessofcrea2ngtheprinciples.Oncetheyfeeltheycontributetothemandownthem,theycanadoptthem.
‣ Allocate1metoiden2fyandsign-offtheprinciples.Trytokeepthenumberlow(60isalot!).
• HOWTOSELECTRIGHTTOOLS?
‣ Lookinternallyfirsttowhatcanbereusedorintegratedwith.Thatwaylotsofinternalpoli2csandbigegosareremovedofthetable.
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Challenges & Solutions
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
ARCHITECTURE VISION
• DEFINESCOPEOFENTERPRISEARCHITECTURETOCOVERTHEWHOLEGROUP,NOTJUSTINDIVIDUALBUSINESSUNITSORINDIVIDUALCUSTOMERSEGMENTS.ENTERPRISEARCHITECTURECANBRINGVALUEONLYIFITISTHEOVERARCHINGENTITY.
• CREATEGOVERNANCEBODIESTHATWILLHELPYOUCARRYOUTENTERPRISEARCHITECTUREACTIVITIES:
‣ APPLICATION/BUSINESS/DATA/TECHNOLOGYCOMMUNITIESOFPRACTICEWHEREALLTHEPRACTITIONERSFROMTHATDOMAINAREPARTICIPATING(KNOWLEDGESHARING,EVOLUTIONOFENTERPRISEARCHITECTUREARTEFACTS,ETC.)
‣ CROSS-DOMAINDIALOGUESWHERESELECTEDREPRESENTATIVESFROMEACHDOMAINAREPARTICIPATING(BETTERCOORDINATIONBETWEENDOMAINS)
‣ ENTERPRISEARCHITECTUREGOVERNANCEBODYWHERETHEHEADSOFITAREPARTICIPATING(EXCEPTIONS,ESCALATIONS,APPROVALS)
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How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
ARCHITECTURE VISION
• HOWTOESTABLISHCOMMUNITIESOFPRACTICE(COP)?
‣ Usecollabora1ontoolsextensivelyastheknowledgesharingplaMorm.
‣ Organisemonthlymee1ngs/callswiththeCoPmemberstoshareideas,presentnewprojects,getinsightsintowhatotherbusinessunitsaredoing,seekforhelp.
• CARROTVSSTICK?
‣ Useboth!
‣ CentralEAgroupshouldbeagluebetweenotherunitsandafunnelwhereideasareexploredandshared.
‣ ButintegrateEAgovernanceintoProjectManagement,Procurement,Sourcingandotherinternalprocessestomakesureprinciples/standards/referencearchitecturesarefollowedandimplemented.
EntArchsAgile Architecture Consulting
Challenges & Solutions
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
BUSINESS ARCHITECTURE
• HIREBUSINESSARCHITECTS!IT’SALMOSTIMPOSSIBLETOCREATEBUSINESSSERVICES,CAPABILITIESANDPROCESSESWITHOUTINVOLVEMENTOFBUSINESSARCHITECTSWHOUNDERSTANDTHEDOMAIN.
• TAILORMETA-MODELTOFITYOURORGANISATION.
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IN OUR EXPERIENCE, EXPECT THE HEAVIEST TAILORING OF THE BUSINESS DOMAIN META-MODEL!
ALLOCATE A LOT OF TIME.
USE THIS OPPORTUNITY TO DEVELOP CAPABILITY AND PROCESS FRAMEWORKS IF THEY DON’T EXIST ALREADY.
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
BUSINESS ARCHITECTURE
• BUSINESSANDITWORKINGINISOLATION
‣ Don’tletbusinessarchitectsworkinginisola1on.TheyneedtoseethebigpictureandtorealisehowbusinesspiecesfitwithITpieces.It’sallpartofthesamepuzzle.
‣ Startearlywithconnec2ngbusinessprocessandapplica2onsystems!Itcreatesaposi2vefeedbacklooptothebusinesswiththepossibilitytoop2miseprocesses.
• AS-ISVSTO-BE
‣ AlwaysstartwithAs-Iscapabili2es&processes.CreateTo-Bebusinessarchitectureoncethepriori2esareestablished.Op2misa2onpossibili2esofAs-IsarchitecturecaninfluenceTo-Bearchitecture.
‣ Allowenough1metobuildcapabilityandprocessframeworks.
EntArchsAgile Architecture Consulting
Challenges & Solutions
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
INFORMATION SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
• IDENTIFYARCHITECTURE&SOLUTIONBUILDINGBLOCKSINYOURAPPLICATIONDOMAIN.FIRSTFOCUSONTHOSEAPPLICATIONS&DATATHATDELIVERCRITICALBUSINESSCAPABILITIES.
• CATEGORISETHEMPERSYSTEMSOFRECORD,ENGAGEMENT,UTILITYANDINSIGHT.USEAGILITYQUADRANTTODETERMINEBUSINESSANDTECHNOLOGYAGILITY.
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See EntArchs Agility Quadrant for the detailed explanation of the diagram.
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
INFORMATION SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
• META-MODELTAILORING?
‣ UsebasicTOGAFmeta-modelifyoualreadyhaveinternalsystemsthatcaptureapplica2onanddataa[ributes.Don’tduplicatea_ributes.
‣ Ifyouarestar2nggreen-field,startcapturingsmallersetofapplica2on&dataa[ributesandthengraduallygrow.Inextremecases,physicalapplica2oncomponentcanhaveover500a[ributes!Manageyourstakeholderexpecta2ons,addonlythosea[ributesthatareabsolutelyneededtostartwith.
• WHENISTHEWORKDONE?
‣ Thebiggestchallengeiniden2fyingPhysicalApplica2onComponentsisthattherearejusttoomanyofthem!Largecompaniescaneasilyhaveover5.000differentinternalapplica2ons.FocusonbigoneswheretheTCOishigh.UsePareto80/20Principle-“capture20%ofapplica2onsthatdeliver80%ofcapabili2es”.
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Challenges & Solutions
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTURE
• CATEGORISEPRODUCTSINLOGICALANDPHYSICALTECHNOLOGYCOMPONENTS.
• INOUREXPERIENCETHETOGAFENTITIESMAYNOTBEENOUGHTOCAPTURETHECOMPLEXITYOFYOURENVIRONMENT,USEPHYSICALTECHNOLOGYGROUPSTOCAPTURETECHNOLOGYSTACKS.
• TECHNOLOGYARCHITECTURENEEDSTODRIVEYOURSTANDARDISATIONROADMAP.MAKESURETHEREISTIGHTINTEGRATIONWITHINFORMATIONSYSTEMARCHITECTURESOTHATTHEAPPLICATION&TECHNOLOGYROADMAPSAREINSYNC.
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How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTURE
• TOWHATLEVELOFGRANULARITYDOYOUDEFINE?
‣ Technology is typically well defined in an organisation, but the level of detail can complicate a meta-model (OS versioning, Prog. Lang. versioning). In contract an organisation can also have PaaS, SaaS, IaaS based solutions.
• HOWDOYOUMODELSAAS,PAAS,IAAS?
‣ We recommend creating “Physical Technology Component Group” that represented a stack of technologies. It makes reporting easier and enables modelling of the “lowest common denominator”. These PTCG’s can be used to create technology standards to govern against.
EntArchsAgile Architecture Consulting
Challenges & Solutions
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
OPPORTUNITIES & SOLUTIONS
• THEBIGGESTQUESTIONIS:HOWTOIMPLEMENTARCHITECTUREREPOSITORYEFFICIENTLY?
• MOSTIMPORTANTREQUIREMENTSFORANARCHITECTUREREPOSITORY:1. CUSTOMISABLEMETA-MODEL2. SIMPLE&EASYTOUSE3. GOODREPORTING/DASHBOARDFUNCTIONALITY
• ALWAYSLOOKTOREUSEINTERNALTOOLSASMUCHASPOSSIBLE(HELPSWITHAVOIDINGINTERNALPOLITICS).
• IFTHEREARENOINTERNALTOOLS(ORNOINTERNALPOLITICSTODEALWITH)GOWITHMARKETLEADERSSUCHASORBUSISERVER.
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How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
OPPORTUNITIES & SOLUTIONS
EntArchsAgile Architecture Consulting
An example of Architecture Repository composed of internal tools using EntArchs dashboard.
• REUSEINTERNALTOOLSINYOURORGANISATION.
• ENTARCHSBUILTTHEIROWNDASHBOARD(ASTHEPICTUREONTHERIGHTSHOWS)ONTOPOFALLOFTHOSEINTERNALTOOLSTOBEASSIMPLEANDUSABLEFORYOURSTAKEHOLDERSASPOSSIBLE.
• DON’TADDANYNEWBUSINESSLOGICBUTINTEGRATEWITHTHEBACKENDSYSTEMSVIARESTAPI’SORSIMILARPROTOCOL.
• CONTACTENTARCHSFORINSTRUCTIONSONHOWTOUSETHISOPEN-SOURCESOLUTIONFORYOURNEEDS.
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
OPPORTUNITIES & SOLUTIONS
EntArchsAgile Architecture Consulting
An example of Architecture Repository composed of internal tools using EntArchs dashboard.
How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
MIGRATION PLANNING
• GETTINGALLOFTHESTAKEHOLDERS(ARCHITECTS,BUSINESS,ITOWNERS)TOADOPTYOURNEWMETHODOLOGYISACHALLENGINGTASKTHATREQUIRESCAREFULPLANNING.
• NEVERGOWITHBIG-BANGAPPROACH,RATHERWITHSMALLSTEPS:1. SHOWTHEMVALUETHATYOURMETHODOLOGYBRINGS2. EDUCATETHEMINTOOLSTHATYOUAREIMPLEMENTING3. DOTHEWORKFORTHEMINITIALLY4. INCLUDETHEMINTHEGOVERNANCEPROCESS5. LETTHEMSEETHEBENEFITS(USECASES)6. LISTENTOTHEIRFEEDBACKANDIMPLEMENTSUGGESTIONS7. LETTHEMBEPARTOFTHEMETHODOLOGY
• MIGRATINGSTAKEHOLDERSTOANEWMETHODTAKESTIME.
• COMMUNICATIONISTHEKEY!USEINTERNALCOLLABORATIONTOOLTOCONNECTTOYOURSTAKEHOLDERS,TONOTIFYTHEMABOUTCHANGES,TOPUBLISHNEWSETC.
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How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
IMPLEMENTATION GOVERNANCE
• DOCUMENTTHEGOVERNANCEPROCESSANDMAKEITMANDATORYFOREVERYONE.
• TIGHTLYINTEGRATEGOVERNANCEPROCESSINTOOTHERCOMPANYPROCESSES-PROJECTMANAGEMENT,PROCUREMENT,SOURCING.
• MONITORTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEGOVERNANCEVIAARCHITECTUREREVIEWBOARDS.
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How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
CHANGE MANAGEMENT
• MOSTCHANGESWILLCOMEDURINGTHEMIGRATIONANDIMPLEMENTATIONPHASE.
• MOSTCHANGESWILLREQUIREMETA-MODELMODIFICATIONS.NEWENTITIES,ATTRIBUTESANDRELATIONSHIPSWILLBEREQUESTED.BEINGABLETOEXTENDMETA-MODELBYYOURSELF(WITHOUTINVOLVINGAVENDOR)ISCRUCIAL!
• STARTWITHTHEMINIMALSETOFENTITIESANDATTRIBUTESINYOURMETA-MODELANDLETITGROW.IT’SEASIERTOADDNEWTHINGSINTHEMETA-MODELTHANTOTAKEITOUTLATERON.
• REPORTSWILLREQUIRELOTSOFCHANGESASWELL.DIFFERENTSTAKEHOLDERSHAVEDIFFERENTVIEWPOINTSANDWILLREQUESTDIFFERENTREPORTS(VIEWS).
• USEINTERNALCOLLABORATIONTOOLSTOCAPTURETHECHANGEREQUESTS.USEFORUMFUNCTIONALITYTOGIVEUSERSPOSSIBILITYTODISCUSSTHECHANGE.
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How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
REQUIREMENTS MANAGEMENT
• USEINTERNALCOLLABORATIONORREQUIREMENTSMANAGEMENTTOOLTOMANAGEALLTHEREQUIREMENTS.
• TRYTOBEAGILEANDPRIORITISEREQUIREMENTSINTHEBACKLOG.
• DO2WEEKSPRINTSTOSHOWRESULTSASQUICKLYASPOSSIBLE(VERIFYUSECASE,DEVELOPNEWREPORTS,INCLUDENEWATTRIBUTEINMETA-MODELETC.)
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How to establish Enterprise Architecture in large organisations using TOGAF
THANK YOU!
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