Fix LAP 01 PLCII Starting Motor Fix in English

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Number of Experiment : 01

Title of Experiment : Controlling Configuration Motor Star or Delta

Using PLC

Lab. or!er : "e#!i Mu$ama% Mr

Number of Stu%ent : 1&1101&010

Class' (roup : ) EC D*+' ,

Co. or!er : -nnisa atio!a

Super/isor : 1. ul$arbi ST. MT.

&. -nton ST. MT.

D IV INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICAL

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

STATE POLYTECHNIC OF PADANG

2014/2015

EXPERIMENT REPORTProgrammable Logic Control II

LABORATORYE DI



-PP"2+-L P-(E

Experiment Number : 01

Experiment Title : Controlling Configuration Motor Star or Delta Using PLC

Lab. or!er : "e#!i Mu$ama% Mr

Stu%ent Number : 1&1101&010

Department' Stu%( Program : Ele)tri)al Engineering' D *+ *n%ustrial Ele)troni)al

,roup : -

Co. or!er : nnisa /atio!a

Superisor : 1. ul$arbi2 ST.2 MT.

&. nton2 SST.2 MT.

Experiment Date : Mar)$2 3t$ &013

Submission Date : pril2 &4r% &013

S)ore :

"emar! :



-3!no4le%gement

*n t$e name of lla$ ST2 t$e most ,ra)ious an% t$e most Mer)iful. Praise to lla$

ST 5$o $as gien t$e 5riter !no5le%ge an% strengt$ in )ompleting t$e experiment report

entitle% 6Controlling Configuration Motor Star or Delta Using PLC5. T$is report is t$e result

of experiment in t$e Programmable Logi) Control laborator(.

T$e 5riter 5oul% li!e to express $is sin)ere gratitu%e to Mr. nton2 ST.2 MT an% Mr.

ul$arbi2 ST.2 MT as superisors 5$o $ae gien instru)tions an% %ire)tions to t$e 5riter in

experiment an% all 5$o $ae )ontribute%.

/inall(2 t$e 5riter reali#es t$at t$is report is still $aing some 5ea!nesses. T$erefore2 t$e

5riter $opefull( nee%s )onstru)tie )riti)s an% suggestions t$at )an ma!e t$is report be)ome

mu)$ better.

Pa%ang2 pril2 13t$ &013

T$e 5riter

"e#!i Mu$ama% Mr



T-6LE 2 C2NTENT

-PP"2+-L P-(E

P"E-CE

T-6LE 2 C2NTENT

C7-PTE" *. *NT"2DUCT*2N

1.1. Purpose 7f Experiment1.&. T$eoreti)al 8a)!groun%

C7-PTE" **. E8PE"*MENT

&.1. *nstruments an% Materials

&.&. Cir)uit Diagrams

&.4. Experiment Tas!s

&.9. Steps of Experiments

C7-PTE" ***. "ESULT 2 E8PE"*MENT

4.1. Data

4.1.1. Measurement Data

4.1.&. Programs

4.&. C$art Diagrams

4.4. nal(sis

C7-PTE" *+. C2NCLUS*2N

9.1. Con)lusion

9.&. Suggestion

6*6L*2("-P7



C7-PTE" *

*NT"2DUCT*2N

1.1. Purpose 2f Experiment

fter )ompleting t$e experiment about 6Controlling Configuration Motor Star or Delta

Using PLC2 in programming PLC2 stu%ents are expe)te%:

1. To !no5 t$e utilit( of PLC to5ar% t$e appli)ation of PLC at Manufa)ture.

&. To )on)eie 5or!ing prin)iple of PLC.4. To establis$ PLC program 5it$in t$e star;%elta starting motor.

1.&. T$eoreti3al 6a3!groun%

PLC <programmable logi) )ontroller= is a programme logi) )ontrol. *t is an ele)troni)

instrument t$at is %esigne% to )arr( out logi) fun)tions2 su)$ as )ounter fun)tion2 pro)ess

se>uen)e fun)tion2 timer fun)tion2 arit$meti) fun)tion2 an% ot$er fun)tions 5it$ its program

met$o%s. *t nee%s memor( as t$e storage of internal instru)tions to run t$e logi) fun)tions

%igitall(. *nput target is use% to )onne)t )ontrol parameters2 su)$ as ele)tri) s5it)$2 )ensors

<input target is external=. Ea)$ PLC $as %ifferent notation 5a(s to re)or% input target2 su)$ as

PLC Siemens <*0.0 ? *1.@= an% PLC 7mron input target %epen%s on PLC t(pe an% program

t$at is use%2 li!e 7mron CPM <0000;011@=.

Timer instru)tion )an be use% as t$e time regulator to5ar% rela(;)ir)uit. S(mbol re>uires:

; input to a)tiate t$e timer ; timer number

; timer alue

Counter

Counter instru)tions )an be use% as )ounter;range 5it$in rela(;)ir)uit. T$e s(mbols2 in

5$i)$:

S A input to a)tiate t$e )ounter

" A input t$at $as to put in or%er to restore )ounter alue or%er.

BBB A )ounter number

;A )ounter alue or%er



T$e fun)tions an% t$e utilities are far;flung. ,enerall(2 PLC fun)tions as follo5:

1. Control se>uential. PLC pro)esses binar( signal input into output t$at 5ill be

use% to t$e nee%s of te)$ni>ue pro)essing se>uentiall(2 in t$is )ase2 PLC

maintaining t$e steps of se>uential pro)ess goes on t$e )orre)t or%er.

&. Monitoring plant. PLC obseres t$e status of a s(stem )ontinuall( <li!e

temperature2 pressure2 an% $eig$t leel= an% %oes somet$ing nee%e% in !eeping

5it$ t$e pro)ess 5$i)$ is )ontrolle% <li!e oer limite% alue= or s$o5s t$e

message to t$e operator.

PLC fun)tion is parti)ularl( to appl( t$e input to CNC <Computeri#e%

Numeri)al Control=. Some of t$e PLC are able to gie input to CNC for furt$er pro)ess. Comparing CNC to PLC2 CNC $as $ig$er a))urateness an% t$e )ost is more

expensie. CNC is usuall( use% for finis$ing pro)ess2 forming obe)t 5or!2

mol%ings2 an% so fort$.

or!ing prin)iple of a PLC is re)eiing pro)ess input signal )ontrolle%2 t$en

)ommitting a number of logi) instru)tions to5ar% t$ose input signal; tall( 5it$ t$e

program sae% 5it$in t$e memor(2 turning out t$e output signal to )ontrol a)tuator

or anot$er instruments after5ar%s.

Star Delta Motor -C ) P$ase Control

s li!e as t$e name2 starter 5(es;%elta generall( 5or!s 5it$in t5o p$ases. /irstl(2

Motor runs 5it$ 5in%ing )ir)uit of 5(e <=2 in a fe5 moments2 Motor releases t$e

5in%ing )ir)uit of 5(e an% operates 5it$ %elta )ir)uit. Star %elta )ontroller or 5(e %elta

suits for appli)ation 5$i)$ nee%s lo5er starting po5er t$an emplo(ing D7L starter.

o5 is t$e 5(e;%elta starter )ontrollerF Ta!e a loo! to t$e follo5ing figure



Star Delta Motor C 4 P$ase Controller

Star Delta Controller 5or!:

*n t$e operational2 G4 main )onta)tor an% G1 star )onta)tor firstl( 5ill

energi#e%2 t$en2 star )onta)tor 5ill %e;energi#e% an% 5ill be repla)e% 5it$ G& %elta

)onta)tor a fe5 moments later. )tiation time )ontrol of t$ese )onta)tors is %ealt 5it$

a%ustable G1T timer. t t$e same time2 t$e )onne)tion of star an% %elta 5ill be

prote)te% from a)tie potential b( using ea)$ interlo)! )onta)t to its rial.

Activity of star-delta starter circuit as follow:

; 7// )on%ition. ll )onta)tor is not a)tie (et an% t$e )onta)t is still in normal

position.

; Star )on%ition. G4 main )onta)tor an% G1 star 5ill a)tie 5it$ t$e ina)tie %elta

)onta)tor. T$e motor 5in%ing 5ill be )onne)te% 5it$ po5er )onsumption about 1'4

of D7L po5er.



; 7pen )on%ition. Main )onta)tor is still )lose% 5$ile t$e %elta an% star )onta)tor are

opene%. T$e oltage is alrea%( exist in one of 5in%ing motor point <i.e. U12 +12

1= 5$ile t$e ot$er is still opene% so t$at t$ere $as no po5er (et. T$e motor $a%

been rolle% an% a)t as generator.

; Delta )on%ition. G1 main )onta)tor an% G& %elta are a)tie 5$ile G1 )onta)tor is

not a)tie. Motor 5ill be )onne)te%2 %elta gets oltage2 an% po5er along 5it$

torsion is full of suppl(.

Star %elta or 5(e %elta )onne)tion is suffi)ient optional as t$e appli)ation t$at

nee%s a fe5 po5er )onsumption upon motor is turne% on2 but it $as a 5ea!ness t$at

ma!e t$is to be not )$osen after t$e presen)e of re%u)e% oltage starter t$at is better

t$an soft starter. T$e onl( reason to )$oose t$is starter is lo5er expense rat$er t$an

anot$er re%u)e% oltage starter.

Ele)tri)it( motor generall( $a% a great astonis$ po5er starting alue for about 9

until @ times from its rating. "e%u)e% oltage )ir)uit is one of t$e 5a( to oer)ome

t$e problem of t$e motor ma( a)tie 5it$out earl( trip.

Why do star delta starting power is smaller than DOL?

Ele)tri)it( motor starting po5er is usuall( bigger 9 times until @ times t$an its

nominal. $(F 8e)ause t$e ele)tri)it( motor nee%s a great earl( torsion in or%er to

against its inertia an% its inertia loa% in t$e silen)e )on%ition. Torsion is reasonable to

fluks quadrat . /lu!s is oltage )omparison an% fre>uen)(. +oltage $as )omparable

)onne)tion to t$e po5er. /inall(2 great po5er )onsumption 5ill be nee%e% for a great

torsion. ere are some s$ort ei%en)e of 5$( star %elta starting po5er is smaller t$an

D7L.



T$e %istin)tion of star %elta starting po5er )an be seen from t$e %es)ents aboe2

t$at star po5er is 4 times smaller from its %elta po5er <D7L )ir)uit=. T$is s$o5s t$at

earl( torsion is smaller for about 1'4 t$an D7L at t$e beginning.

7ne of t$e t$ings t$at must be noti)e before %e)i%ing to )$oose star %elta starter is

ma!e sure t$at torsion re%u)tion be)ause of star )ir)uit 5$en starting is still enable to roll

t$e loa% b( ele)tri)it( motor. T$is )ontrol is less e)onomi)al for t$e loa% 5$i)$ nee%s

earl( torsion greater t$an 90H2 be)ause 5e $ae to use bigger t$an as it s$oul% be.



C7-PTE" **

E8PE"*MENT

&.1. *nstruments an% Materialsere are some instruments an% materials use% in t$is experiment:

PLC gui%e'mo%ule

T$ree p$ase Motor

PLC Trainer

"ela(

T$ree p$ase generator C

S5it)$

Computer an% internet

)onne)tion

Iumper



&.1.

&.&. Cir3uit Diagrams

&.&. Configuration Star;Delta )ir)uit

&.).

&.9. Conne)tion PLC *nput to Pus$;8utton



&.;.

&.<.

&.=.

&.,. Conne)tion PLC output to rela(

&.>.

&.10. &.). Experiment Tas!s

&.11. Experiment 1&.1&. Establis$ starting star %elta motor program )$ronologi)all( t$at is

a)tiate% manuall( for star een %elta. Motor 5it$ )onfiguration or star )onne)tion must be

a)tie for t$e first2 so t$at motor 5it$ %elta )onfiguration )an be a)tiate% after5ar%s2 5$ere

motor 5it$ %elta )onfiguration is a)tie an% star )onfiguration is ina)tie. Press input button

for a moment be)ause t$e mo%ule use pus$ button. *n a%%ition2 stop button 5ill be use to

stop t$e )onfiguration.

&.1).

&.19. Experiment &

&.1;. Establis$ star %elta starting motor 5$ere t$e motor 5it$ star )onfiguration

is a)tie for t$e first2 after pressing a button2 t$en motor 5it$ %elta )onne)tion 5ill a)tie

onl( if %elta button is presse% after motor 5it$ star )onne)tion is a)tie %uring 40 se)on%s or

more2 t$en motor 5it$ star )onne)tion is ina)tie. Pressing input button is )ommitte% for a



5$ile be)ause t$e mo%ule tol% to use pus$ button. 8esi%es2 it is also use% a stop button to

stop t$e )onfiguration.

&.1<. Experiment )

&.1=. Establis$ star %elta motor starting program2 5$ere t$e motor 5it$ star

)onne)tion is a)tie after pressing a button2 an% t$en motor 5it$ %elta )onne)tion 5ill a)tie

automati)all( after motor 5it$ t$e star )onfiguration is a)tie about 40 se)on%s. T$ere are

no t5o )onfigurations are a)tie at on)e. Pressing input button is )ommitte% for a 5$ile

be)ause t$e mo%ule tol% to use pus$ button. *n a%%ition2 t$e stop button is use% to stop t$e

)onfiguration.

&.1,.

&.1>.

&.9. Steps 2f Experiments

1= Soft5are installation is )ompatible 5it$ PLC t$at is use%. Ea)$ bran% of PLC $as

soft5are2 examples PLC 7mron 5it$ La%%er Diagram Soft5are <LSS= soft5are2 S(s5in

an% CB;Programmer2 PLC Siemens soft5are is Mi)ro5in STEP;@ an% PLC L, using

LS.&= "un t$e PLC soft5are t$at $as been use%.

4= Establis$ la%%er %iagram base% on re>uire% instru)tion.

9= Put t$e la%%er %iagram t$at $as been ma%e on t$e PLC soft5are to PLC t$at 5ill be use%

<uploa%ing la%%er %iagram to PLC=.

3= "un t$at la%%er %iagram in its soft5are an% )ommit an experiment b( testing t$e la%%er

%iagram t$roug$ )onne)ting input PLC )able fit to t$e target t$at $as gien on t$e

%iagram la%%er before.

J= 7bsere t$e output of t$at PLC2 if it is not fit 5it$ t$e instru)tion re>uire%2 repeat t$e

)onstru)tion of t$e la%%er %iagram fit to t$e instru)tion %eman%e%.

&.&0.

&.&1.

&.&&.

&.&).

&.&9.

&.&;. C7-PTE" ***

&.&<. "ESULT 2 E8PE"*MENT

&.&=.



&.&,. ).1. Data

&.&>. ).1.1. Measurement Data

&.)0. T$ree p$ase oltage use% A 1-0 +

&.)1. +oltage Motor in )onfiguration:

; Star A 1@3 +

; Delta A &&3 +

&.)&.

&.)). ).1.&. Programs

&.)9. La%%er Diagram

&.);. Experiment 1

&.)<. Manual star;%elta

&.)=.

&.),.



&.)>.

&.90.

&.91.

&.9&. Experiment &

&.9). Manual )onfiguration star;%elta after 40 se)on%s

&.99.

&.9;.

&.9<. Experiment )

&.9=. utomati) after star;%elta

&.9,.

&.9>.

&.;0.

&.;1. ).&. C$art Diagrams



&.;&. Experiment 1

&.;).

&.;9.

&.;;. Experiment &

&.;<.

&.;=.

&.;,.

&.;>.

&.<0.

&.<1.

&.<&.

&.<). Experiment )



&.<9.

).). -nal?sis

&.<;. 8ase% on t$e experiment about 6Controlling Configuration Motor Star or

Delta Using PLC 5$ere t$e input an% output as follo5:

&.<<.

&.<=. Experiment 1 <Manual Star;Delta=

&.<,. *nput:

; Star )onta)t A 0.0&

; Delta )onta)t A 0.04

; Stop )onta)t A 0.09

&.<>. 7utput:

; G1 A 10.00

; G& A 10.01

; G& A 10.0&

&.=0.

&.=1. *n t$e first experiment2 establis$ing star %elta starting motor t$at is

a)tiate% regularl(; is %one manuall( to t$e star een t$e %elta. T$e motor 5it$ star

)onfiguration must a)tie before$an% so t$at motor 5it$ %elta )onfiguration )an be

a)tiate%2 5$ere motor 5it$ %elta )onfiguration is on t$en star )onfiguration is off. *n t$e

experiment2 0.0& )onta)t is a)tie t$en t$e outputs t$at 5ill be a)tie are 10.00 an% 10.01.

Moreoer2 a stop button <0.09= is also use% to stop t$e motor moement2 as t$e figure

belo5:



&.=&. Star )onta)t <0.0&= is a)tie for a 5$ile.

&.=). Delta )onta)t <0.04= is a)tiate% for a 5$ile.

&.=9. n% t$en t$e stop )onta)t <0.09= is a)tiate%2 so t$e motor 5ill stop.

&.=;.

&.=<. Experiment & <star %elta manual after 40 se)on%s=

&.==. *nput:

; Star )onta)t A 0.0J

; Delta )onta)t A 0.0@

; Stop )onta)t A 0.0-

&.=,. 7utput:



; G1 A 10.09

; G& A 10.03

; G& A 10.0J

&.=>. T$e se)on% experiment is establis$ing t$e star %elta starting motor

program t$at motor 5it$ star )onne)tion is a)tie <10.09 an% 10.03= before2 after pressing

a star )onta)t <0.0J=2 t$en motor 5it$ %elta )onne)tion is able to be a)tiate% <10.09 an%

10.0J= as long as %elta button is presse% after motor 5it$ star )onne)tion a)tie for about

40 se)on%s2 t$at t$e motor 5it$ )onne)tion 5ill be off..

&.,0. $en t$e )onta)t is a)tiate%2 t$e 10.09 an% 10.03 5ill be a)tie.

&.,1.

&.,&. T$e repla)ement from star to %elta )an be %one after 40 se)on%s b( pressing t$e0.0@ stop )onta)t



&.,).

&.,9.

&.,;.

&.,<. Experiment ) @startA%elta automati3B

&.,=. *nput:

Gonta! Star A 0.0K

Gonta! Stop A 0.10

&.,,. 7utput:

G1 A 11.00

G& A 11.01

G& A 11.0&

&.,>. T$e t$ir% experiment is establis$ing star %elta starting motor program

5$ere t$e motor 5it$ star )onne)tion <11.00 an% 11.01= is a)tie for t$e first after pressing

a star button <0.0K=2 t$en motor 5it$ %elta )onne)tion <11.00 an% 11.0&= 5ill be a)tie



automati)all( after t$e motor 5it star )onfiguration is a)tie for 40 se)on%s2 as t$e figure

belo5:

&.>0. $en 0.0K is a)tie2 t$e motor 5it$ star )onne)tion 5ill be a)tie.

&.>1.

&.>&.

&.>).

&.>9.

&.>;.

&.><. T$e motor 5it$ star )onne)tion is a)tie after 40 se)on%s2 t$en it 5ill s$ifting

automati)all( to %elta )onne)tion <11.00 an% 11.0&=



&.>=.

&.>,. Ele)tri)it( motor generall( $as 9 until @ times starting po5er alue bigger

t$an its rating alue2 be)ause of t$at star %elta starting )ir)uit is nee%e%for re%u)e% oltage

)ir)uit. T$is )ase $appens be)ause t$e ele)tri)it( motor nee%s a great initial torsion in

or%er to be able to against its inertia an% its loa% inertia from silen)e term. T$e oltage $as

)onne)tion e>ual to po5er. /inall(2 a great torsion 5ill nee% )onsumption of a great po5er.

8( using star %elta in 5$i)$ t$e motor po5er starting star 4 times smaller t$an its %elta

po5er.

&.>>.



&.100. C$apter *+

&.101. Con3lusion

&.10&. 9.1. Con3lusion

&.10). fter finis$e% t$is experiment2 it is !no5n t$at:

Ele)tri) motor nee%e% large beginning torsion to against inertia itself an% loa%

inertia of potential energ(. Large torsion meaning nee% large )onsumption )urrent

so. +oltage is )omparable 5it$ )urrent2 be)ause of t$at nee%e% )onfiguration star;

%elta )onne)tion to re%u)e )urrent use.

Motor )urrent of )onfiguration star is t$ree time more less )ompare to

)onfiguration %elta itself.

*nput )onta)ts of PLC )onne)te% to s5it)$ in or%er to running program in PLC

an% use% for )ontrolling PLC output.

&.109.

&.10;. 9.&. Suggestion

Learning t$eoreti)al ba)!groun% first is better to fluent experiment.

C$e)!ing tool an% material before begin t$e experiment

/ollo5ing )orre)t experiment boo! gui%e.

&.10<.



&.10=. 6ibliograp$?

&.10,.

&.10>.

PLC Iob S$eet

$ttp:''ele)tri);me)$ani).blogspot.)om'&010'10'interlo)!;!onta!tor.$tml

&.110.

&.111.

http://electric-mechanic.blogspot.com/2010/10/interlock-kontaktor.html

http://electric-mechanic.blogspot.com/2010/10/interlock-kontaktor.html

Fix LAP 01 PLCII Starting Motor Fix in English

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