EUT440 Intro To Safety And Health

Knowledge Sincerity Excellence

2 GROUPS (GROUP A AND GROUP B)

GROUP B1 Ir Muhammad Arkam bin Che Munaaim SUBJECT MATTER SAFETY amp HEALTH ETHICS amp PROFESSION

Office PPK Alam Sekitar

2 Ibni Hajar bin Haji Rukunudin (PhD P Eng MIEM ASABE) SUBJECT MATTER SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK PLACE

Office PPK BioprocessHours MON 1100am ndash 100 pmEmail ibnihajarunimapedumy Hp +60192829878

3 PM Ir Shuib Shahudin SUBJECT MATTER ETHICS AND ENGINEERING PROFESSIONOffice UNIKA

4 Datin Faezah bt Tan Sri Hassan SUBJECT MATTER LAW

INSTRUCTORS

Since the days of the Industrial Revolution when most factories were death-traps for the workers legislation has steadily improved health and safety at work

Applying our normal principle that prevention is better than cure

httpwwwehcareersorgaboutspecialist_environmental_protectionhtml

Why Managing Safety and Health

It is one of the general duties as prescribed under the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514) for the employer to provide a safe workplaces to their employees and other related person helliphellip OSH ACT

SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM ndash WHY

A workplace safety and health program is a systematic plan to identify and control hazards and respond to emergencies The program lays out responsibilities resources and procedures for keeping the workplace safe and healthy Its objective is to integrate safety and health into all work practices and conditions

WHAT IS SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM

OSHA 1994 Requirement

For all industries1048708If gt5 Employees -Safety amp Health Policy1048708ge40 Employees (S30) -Safety amp Health Policy + Safety amp

Health Committee

For high risk industries (ie construction ship building gas etc)1048708gt100 Employees -Safety amp Health Policy + Safety amp(Order 1997) Health Committee + a Certified

Safety amp Health Officer

For low risk industries (other than the above mentioned industries)1048708gt500 Employees -Safety amp Health Policy + Safety amp(Order 1997) Health Committee + a Certified Safety amp Health Officer

SCOPE SAFETY AND HEALTH

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RISK MANAGEMENT AND SAFETY ndash scope of the course

MORAL amp ETHIC

WHAT IS OSH

IMPLICATION

WHAT CONSTITUTE OSH

WHY OSH - BENEFITS

LEGAL

DIFFERENTIATE HEALTH amp SAFETY

FINANCIAL

COSTS

HAZARDS ID

CLASSIFY HAZARDS

CONSEQUENT OF HAZARDS- HEALTH

CONTROL - BREIFLY

ROUTES

FACTORSEFFECT

RISK ASSESSMENT

QUALITATIVE

QUANTITATIVE

SAFETY CULTURE

HIRARC - TOOL

STEPS IN HIRARC

RISK MONITORINGRISK CONTROL

MINIMIZATION

ELIMINATIONADMINSTRATIVE

ENGINEERING

ACTS

FAC amp MACH 1967

OSH 1994

Managing Safety and Health ndash important because

bull Moral and Ethical Issues-Respect Human Resources - morale commitment image-Respect their family ndash pride

bull Legal Issues -Claims for compensation-Disruption during the legal process

bull Financial Issues is not a JUST legal and moral obligation it also makes good business sense

-Increase of Insurance Premium -Direct Cost-Indirect Cost

-

THE ACTS - two most important

OSH

A AC

T 19

94

FACT

ORI

ES A

CT 1

967

Do you know that it is the duty of our EMPLOYER under the Occupational Safety and Health Act 0f 1994 to

a) Ensure our safety health and welfare at our workplace by

bull the provision and maintenance of plant and systems of work that are safe and without risks to health

bull making of arrangements for ensuring safety and absence of risks to health in connection with the use or operation handling storage and transport of plant and substances

bull the provision of such information instruction training and supervision as is necessary to ensure the safety and health at work

bull maintaining the workplace in a condition that is safe and without risks to health and the provision and maintenance of the means of access to and egress from it that are safe and without such risks

bull the provision and maintenance of a working environment which is safe without risks to health and adequate as regards to facilities for our welfare at work

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER OSHA 1994

Penalty For Non ComplianceA fine not exceeding RM50000 orImprisonment not exceeding 2 yearsOr both

Other Penalty FineCommon Law

Affected person (employee or public) may take legal action against the organization under the Civil Law (Common Law)

b) Formulate safety and health policyas often as may be appropriate revise a written statement of his general policy with respect to the safety and health at work

arrangements for the time being in force for carrying out the policy

to bring the statement and any revision of it to the notice of all of his employees

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER OSHA 1994

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER OSHA 1994

g General duties of manufacturers etc as regards plant for use at work

(1) It shall be the duty of a person who designs manufactures imports or supplies any plant for use at work-

(a) to ensure so far as is practicable that the plant is so designed and constructed as to be safe and without risks to health when properly used helliphellip(2) It shall be the duty of a person who undertakes the design or manufacturing of any plant for use at work to carry out or arrange for the carry out of any necessary research with the view to discovery and so far as practicable the elimination or minimization of any risk to safety or health to which the design or plant may give rise

PROVISIO

NS FOR M

ANUFACTURERS

Nevertheless it is our duty as employees toa) Take reasonable care for the safety and health of ourself and of other persons who may be affected by our acts or omissions at workb) Co-operate with our employer or any other person in the discharge of any duty or requirement imposed on our employer or that other person by OSHAc) Wear or use at all times any protective equipment or clothing provided by our employer for the purpose of preventing risks to our safety and healthd) Comply with any instruction or measure on occupational safety and health instituted by our employer or any other person by or under OSHA or any regulations made thereunder

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER OSHA 1994

PROVISIO

NS FOR E

MPLY

EES

Penalty for non compliance A fine not exceeding RM1000 orImprisonment not exceeding 3 months

Or both

FACTORY AND MACHINERY ACT 1967Part II SAFETY HEALTH AND WELFARE

Provisions relating to safety etc

10 Without prejudice to any law with respect to local authorities in respect oaf any factory the following provisions relating to safety shall apply

(a) foundation and floorhellip(e) every openings sump pit

or fixed vessel in a floor or working level shall be securely fenced so as to prevent risk of persons fallinghellip

Part II SAFETY HEALTH AND WELFARE Lifting of weights

12 No person shall be employed to lift carry or move any load so heavy as to be likely to cause injury to him

PROVISIONS F

OR MANUAL H

ANDLING

FACTORY AND MACHINERY ACT 1967

PROVISIONS F

OR PROJECTIN

G MATERIA

L

Part II SAFETY HEALTH AND WELFARE Projecting material

16 In respect to such machinery as may be prescribed any part of any material carried by that machinery while it is working thereon which projects beyond any part of the machinery shall be effectively fenced unless it is in such a position as to be safe to any person employed or working on or renting the premises

FACTORY AND MACHINERY ACT 1967

PROVISION OF SAFE AND HEALTHY WORK ENVIRONMENT THAT

ACCIDENTS AND ILLNESS CAN BE PREVENTED IS A VERY IMPORTANT

ASPECT IN ENGINEERING PROFESSION

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FATALITY AND ACCIDENTS IN WORK PLACE

-STATISTICS

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Lies

Frequency Rates of Occurrences of Occupational Accidents and Fatalities (source Bahagian Dasar dan Penyelidikan JKKP)

Fata

lities

per

100

000

wor

kers

Acci

dent

s pe

r 10

00 w

orke

rs

RATES OF OCCURRENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS and FATALITY in MALAYSIA

OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS BY SECTOR FOR CATEGORY OF NPD UNTIL DECEMBER 2010 (INVESTIGATED)

NPD ndash Non-Permanent Disability

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OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS BY SECTOR FOR CATEGORY OF PD UNTIL DECEMBER 2010

(INVESTIGATED)

PD ndash Permanent Disability

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OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS BY SECTOR FOR CATEGORY OF DEATH UNTIL DECEMBER 2010

(INVESTIGATED)

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NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS INDEX versus NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL FATALITY OCCURRENCE

RATE

National Competitiveness Index versus National Occupational Fatality Occurrence Rate (source World Economic ForumILO Safework 2004)

Com

pete

tiven

ess

Inde

x

Fata

l Acc

iden

ts

100

000

wor

kers

bull Industrial Accidents is on the decline but the compensation paid is on the increase

bull Accidents are more severe in nature and have longer medical leave

bull Minor accidents are not reportedbull Total number of Commuting Accidents

increased by 9

CHALLENGES OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS

bull Reported OD cases for 2009 increased by 85

bull Total number of OD is expected to increase due to long latency period before the disease manifests and individual susceptibility factor

bull New emerging diseases is on the increase

bull Medical surveillance is not done according to the regulations for early intervention and thus disease may appear later with much more serious complication

bull Under reporting phenomena carpal

Challenges of Occupational Diseases

TECHNICALLY THE GOAL OF SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM IN WORK PLACE IS TO ESTABLISH SAFE WORK ENVIRONMENT

-AN ENVIRONMENT FREE FROM HAZARD TO WORKER HEALTH AND SAFETY

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Benefits of Good OSH bull Reduced lost time bull Reduced need to provide cover for personnel

absent from work because of injury bull Reduce sick pay payments

bull Reduce need for time-consuming accident investigation and consequent saving in management time and production down-time

bull Reduced potential for prosecution and other enforcement action by authorities bull Reduction in the number of claims for

compensation by injured personnel

bull Reduced employerrsquos liability insurance premiums

bull Improved morals

bull Improved image of company both in terms of employer and competent contractor

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Benefits of Good OSH hellipcontinue

CASE STUDIES ON

SUCCESSFULL IMLPEMENTATION OF

HEALTH amp SAFETY PROGRAM

bull Knowledge Sincerity Excellence

Case study - North Staffordshire Combined Healthcare NHS TrustThe board found itself facing service improvement targets Using new corporate and clinical guidance it set about taking a whole systems approach to managing corporate risk giving one of its directors responsibility for the leadership of health and safety for the first time Health and safety was also made a key item on the board agenda This has resulted in a much better integrated health and safety management system that increases the opportunity to identify and manage all corporate risks and a much more open culture improving reporting and monitoring The board actively promotes a culture that gives staff the confidence to report incidents

This has resulted in incidence rates reduced by 16 over two years insurance premiums reduced by 10 - financial

implication

Case study - British Sugar

The company had an excellent safety record and had no indication of the devastating events that were to happen ndash in one year three deaths occurred Although health and safety had always been a business priority a change in focus was needed to achieve behavioural change This included the CEO assigning health and safety responsibilities to all directors and

monthly reports go to the boardcreating effective working partnerships with employees trade unions and

othersoverseeing a behavioural change programme and auditspublishing annual health and safety targets and devising initiatives to meet

them

Results include time lost to injuries reduced by 43 over a two year period 63 reduction in major issues over the course of a year much greater understanding by directors of health and safety risks

Case study ndash Mid and West Wales Fire and Rescue Service

To give health and safety a high priority Mid and West Wales Fire and Rescue Service recognised that it was critical for its leadership to demonstrate to its staff that accountability for health and safety was a fundamental element in the success of its overall service delivery The director of service policy and planning was nominated as the health and safety director for the service in order to clearly define the importance this subject held within the organisation The director implemented a revised health and safety framework which included a programme of fire station visits to engage the workforce and placed a renewed emphasis on improving incident reporting investigation and monitoring procedures

The service has reported pound100000 reduction in insurance liability premiums in one year through improved

corporate strategic risk management 50 reduction in sickness absence through work related injury over a two year

period 50 reduction in injury incidence rate over a three year period

Case study ndash Sainsburys

An external health and safety audit identified a need to develop a unified approach and also recommended more direction from the board to develop an effective strategyThe result was a radical revision of the companys approach includingthe group human resources director creating a health and safety vision supported by a plan with targets over three yearstraining on health and safety responsibilities was introduced for all board directors

This has resulted inthe board providing a role model for health and safety behaviour 17 reduction in sickness absence 28 reduction in reportable incidents improved morale and pride in working for the company raising the profile of health and safety so it is becoming embedded in the

culture of the organization

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