Envisafe Safety Intro

8/13/2019 Envisafe Safety Intro

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY

AND HEALTH (OSAFE)

2nd Sem. S.Y. 2008-2009PROF. RUBY PINEDA-HENSON, Ph. D.


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OSH LEGISLATION


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Philippine Constitution

Constitutional mandate to safeguardthe workers social and economic

well-being as well as his physical

safety and health


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LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

As embodied in Article 162, Chapter 2 of Book Four of

the Labor Code of the Philippines,The Secretary

of Labor and Employment shall by

appropriate orders set and enforcemandatory occupational safety and health

standards to eliminate or reduce

occupational safety and health hazards in

all work places and insti tute new andupdate existing programs to ensure safe

and healthful working conditions in all

places of employment.


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Article 165 of the LCP

DOLE solely responsible for

administration and enforcement

of OSH laws, regulations,and standards

but, chartered cities may conductindustrial safety inspections.


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1) Inspectors have access to employer records

and premises

at any time when work is undertaken

can copy such records

can question workers.

2) Can order compliance of labor laws

(after due notice and hearing)

3) Secretary can order stoppage of work orsuspension of operations in imminent danger

cases.


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Secretary of Labor should:set mandatory standards

enforce such standards.


Secretary of Labor should:

develop and implementtraining programs;

increase no. & competence

of OSH personnel.


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E. O. 307- created OSHC (Occupational

Safety and Health Center) in 1987 by then

President C. Aquino as the national authority

for: training

- research- information

- technical services/assistance

on OSH matters.


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Occupational Safety and

Health Standards Formulated in 1978

Considered as a landmark in Philippine labor and

social legislation

Amended in 1989, to provide all establishment

with better tool in promoting and maintaining a

safe and healthful working environment.


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Purpose and Scope Rule 1001

Duties of Employers and Workers Rule 1005

Hazardous Workplaces Rule 1013

Imminent Danger Rule 1012.02

Registration Rule 1020

Training of Personnel Rule 1030

Health and Safety Committee Rule 1040

Notification and Keeping of Accidentand/or Occupational Illnesses Rule 1050

Premises of Establishments Rule 1060


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Rule 1000 GENERAL PROVISION Purpose and Scope

To protect every workingman against the dangers ofinjury, sickness or death through safe and healthful

working conditions, thereby assuring theconservation of valuable manpower resources and theprevention of loss or damage to lives and properties,consistent with national development goals and withthe States commitment for the total development of

every worker as a complete human being. Shall apply to all places of employment except land,

sea and air transportation and mining installations.


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Workplace - the office, premises or worksite, where the workers are

habitually employed and shall include the office or place where the

workers, who have no fixed or definite worksite, regularly report for

assignment in the course of their employment

Note:

Establishments engaged in land, sea and air transportation are not

covered except their garages, dry docks, port hangars, maintenance

and repair shops

The activities of a lessee regarding safety of mining installations,

surface or underground, within the mining claim or lease, including

mine safety, mineral conservation and problem of pollution in

establishments or workplaces falling under Mining Industry as

classified by NEDA are not covered by this Standards


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Health -sound state of the body and mind of the

worker which enables him to perform his job

normally, in a state of well-being Safe or safety - refer to the physical or environmental

conditions of work or employment which substantially

comply with the provisions of the standard


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Administration and Enforcement

Enforcement officer - the industrial safety engineer, the

labor regulation officer or any duly authorized

representatives of the Secretary who enforces the

Standard Authorized representative - include chartered cities,

municipalities, employees or officials of other

government agencies empowered by the secretary of

DOLE to enforce the provisions of the standards Every establishment or place of employment shall be

inspected at least once a year


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Special Inspection Visits To do investigation of accidents, occupational

illnesses or dangerous occurrences, especiallythose resulting in permanent total disability or

death; To conduct surveys of working conditions

requested by BWC for the purpose of evaluatingand assessing environmental contaminants and

physical conditions; To conduct investigations, inspections or follow-

up inspections upon request of employer, workeror a labor union of the establishment.


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Duties of Employers, Workers and

Other Persons Each employer covered by the provisions of this

Standards shall: Furnish his workers a place of employment free from hazardous

conditions that are causing or likely to cause death, illness orphysical harm to his workers;

Give complete job safety instructions to all workers, especiallyto those entering the job for the first time, including thoserelating to the familiarization with their work environment,

hazards to which the worker are exposed to and steps taken incase of emergency

Comply with the requirements of this Standards

Use only approved devices and equipment in his workplace.


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Dutiescont Every worker shall cooperate with the employer

in carrying out the provisions of the standards. He

shall report to his supervisor any work hazard thatmay be discovered in his workplace

Any worker shall make proper use of all

safeguards and safety devices furnished for his

protection and that of others and shall follow all

instructions given by the employer


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Dutiescont It shall be the duty of any person, including

any builder or contractor or enforcement

agent, who visits, builds, renovates, or

install devices, or conducts business in any

establishment or workplace to comply with

the provisions of this Standards and allregulations of the employer.


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Confidentiality of Trade Secrets All information reported to or otherwise

obtained by the enforcement officer in

connection with any inspection or

proceedings under this Standards, which

contains or might reveal trade secret, shall

be considered confidential except that suchinformation may be revealed in any

proceeding where it is necessary.


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Abatement of Imminent Danger An imminent danger is a condition or

practice that could reasonably be expected

to cause death or serious physical harm

before abatement under the enforcement

procedures can be accomplished.

When an enforcement officer finds that animminent danger exists in a workplace, he

can recommend the stoppage of operation.


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Suspension of Rules

The Secretary may issue to an employer-applicanta temporary order suspending the effectivity dateof a Rule or any part of this Standards for thefollowing reasons:

The unavailability of professional or technicalpersonnel or of materials and equipment needed tocomply with the rule;

Necessary construction or alteration of the prescribed

facilities cannot be completed on the effectivity dateof the rule;

The employer is participating in experiments orstudiers approved or conducted by BWC


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Variation Order If there shall be practical difficulty or

unnecessary hardship in complying with

the requirements of any rule or provision of

this Standards, the Secretary,upon the

recommendation of the Director, may issue

an order allowing a variation in complyingwith the requirements.


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Hazardous Workplaces Where the nature of work exposes the workers to

dangerous environmental elements, contaminants

or work condition including ionizing radiation,chemical, fire, flammable substances, noxious

components and the like

Where the workers are engaged in construction

works, logging, fire fighting, mining, quarrying,

blasting, stevedoring, dock work, deep sea fishing

and mechanized farming


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Hazardous Workplaces Where the workers are engaged in the

manufacture or handling of explosives and other

pyrotechnic products Where the workers use or are exposed to power

driven or explosive powder actuated tools

Where the workers are exposed to biologic agentssuch as bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa,

nematodes, and other parasites


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Recognized hazards - those which do not require

technical or testing devices to detect


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Rule 1020 REGISTRATION Every employer shall register his business

with the Regional Labor Office or

authorized representative havingjurisdiction thereof to form part of a databank of all covered establishments.

Establishment regardless of size of economicactivity, whether small, medium or largescale in one single location, shall be oneregistrable unit.


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Rule 1030 :Training of Personnel

in Occupational Safety and Health Training Program

Accreditation

Training and Personnel Complement

Qualification of Safety Consultants

Prohibition in the Practice of OSH


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Rule 1040

Health and Safety Committee

In every place of employment, a health and

safety committee shall be organized withinsixty (60) days after this Standards takes

effect and for new establishments within

one (1) month from the date the business

starts operating.


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Health and Safety Committee shall be organized

according to the number of workers in a

workplace. The HSC consists of a Chairman,Members and Secretary (Safety Man)

Type A: more than 400 workers

Chairman -Manager or authorized representative

Members- Two department heads and Four

workers (union members) and Co. Physician

Secretary - Safety Man


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Type B (over 200 to 400 workers)

Chairman- manager or authorized

representative who must be a top operating

official

Members - one supervisor, three workers

(union members), co. physician or nurse



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Type C (over 100 to 200 workers)

Chairman- manager or authorized

representative

Members - one foreman, three workers

(union members), nurse



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Type D (less than 100 workers)

Chairman- Manager

Members - one foreman, three workers

(union members), nurse/first aider

Secretary - Part-time safety man


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Type E (Joint Committee) - Two or more establishments

housed under one building:

Chairman- chairman of an establishment committeeMembers - two supervisors from two different

establishment, two workers from two different

establishment (union members), co. physician or nurse

Secretary - Appointed by the chairman (in high risebuilding, the bldg.. Administrator)


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Duties of the Health and Safety Committee Plans and develops accident prevention programs

Inspects workplace to detect unsafe conditions

Reviews results of accident investigations and implements accident

prevention

Conducts safety meetings at least once a month

Submits report to the manager/owner on its meetings and activities

Provides necessary assistance to government inspecting authorities

Train workers in safe work habits and procedures

Develops and maintains a disaster contingency plan and organizes

emergency service units


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Duties of the Employer

Adopts the administrative policies on safety in accordance

with the provisions of the standards

Reports to the enforcing authority the policies adoptedand the safety organization established

Submits report to the enforcing authority once in every

three months on the safety performance, safety committee

meetings and its recommendations and measures taken to

implement the recommendations

Acts on the recommendations of the Safety Committee


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Duties of workers

Follow safety policies

Report unsafe conditions and practices to the supervisor

Serve as members of the Safety and Health Committee Cooperate with the Safety and Health Committee

Assist government agencies in the conduct of health and

safety inspection


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Occurrences which shall be investigated and

reported Explosion of boilers used for heating or power

Explosion of a receiver or storage container, with pressure greater than

atmospheric of any gas or any liquid, due to the compression of such gases or

liquid

Bursting of a revolving wheel, grinderstone or grinding wheel operated bymechanical power

Collapse of a crane, derrick, winch, hoist, or other appliances used in training

or lowering persons or goods or any part thereof, overturning of crane, except

the breakage of chain or rope sling

Explosion or fire causing damage to the structure of any room or place inwhich persons are employed, or to any machine contained therein resulting in

the suspension of ordinary work in such a room or place, or stoppage of

machinery or plant for not less than 24 hours

Electrical short circuit or failure of electrical machinery, plant or apparatus,

attended by explosion or fire causing structural damage thereto and involving

stoppage and misuse for not less than 24 hours


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Frequency rate = total number of disabling injuries per million

employee-hours of exposure

Severity rate = total number of days lost or charged per million

employee-hours of exposure

Exposure is the total number of hours worked by all employees in

each establishment including employees of operating, production,

maintenance, transportation, electrical, administrative, sales and other

depts.

Disabling injuries - work injuries which result in death, permanent

total disability, permanent partial disability or temporary total

disability

Non-Disabling Injuries (Medical Treatment) injuries which do not

result into disabling injuries but require first aid or medical attention

of any kind


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Rule 1060

Premises of Establishment

General Provisions

Construction and Maintenance Space requirement

Walkway Surface

Floor and Wall Opening

Stairs

Railings

Fixed Ladders

Yard


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Rule 1060

Premises of Establishment General Provisions:

Premises of establishments shall be provided with necessary danger

signs and safety instructions in standard colors and sizes properly

positioned within the compound to increase safety especially at night.Handicapped employees should be restricted to designated

workplaces and provided with facilities for safe and convenient

movement within the establishment.

Good housekeeping shall be maintained at all times through

cleanliness of building, yards, machines, equipment, regular wastedisposal, and orderly arrangement of processes, operations, storage

and filing of materials.


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Personal Facilities: Adequate comfort rooms and

lavatories separate for male and female workers and

adequate dressing rooms for females workers and locker

rooms for male workers shall be provided (LCP). The

number of comfort facilities for a given number of

workers shall conform with DOH requirement.


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Construction and Maintenance All buildings, permanent or temporary shall be structurally safe and

sound to prevent their collapse.

Roof shall be of sufficient strength to withstand normal load,

typhoons and strong winds in addition to normal weather conditionsand where required to carry suspended loads.

Foundations and floors shall be of sufficient strength to sustain safely

the loads for which they are designed and under no condition shall

they be overloaded.

Plans for the proposed new construction and alterations or substantialrepairs of buildings shall be submitted to the Building Official for

examination and approval.


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Space Requirement in a Workroom

The minimum height from floor to ceiling shall

be 2.7 m (8-10); if air-conditioned, 2.4 m (7-

10). Adequate spaces shall be provided betweenmachinery and equipment to allow normal

operation and repair. Passageway between

machinery and equipment shall not be less than

60 cm (24 in). Space requirement per person is11.5 cu.m.


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Standard colors of signs for safety instructions

and warnings in building premises

Red - Fire Protection (to call attention to fire protection

equipment, apparatus and facilities)

Green - Safety (location of first aid equipment,safetydevices, bulletin boards)

White - Traffic (white, black or a combination of these are

the basic colors for designation of traffic and

housekeeping marking)

Yellow - Caution (construction equipment, handrails,

piping systems containing dangerous materials, waste

container for explosive or highly combustible material)


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Standard colors of signs for safety instructions

and warnings in building premises Orange - Alert ( To designate dangerous parts of

machines or energized equipment, to designate the sign

do not open or remove)

Blue - Precaution ( To designate caution, limited to

warning against starting, use of, or movement of

equipment under repair e.g. Men at Work, Under Repair)

Purple - Radiation (To designate hazards. Yellow is used

in combination with purple for markers, such as tags,

labels, signs and floor markers)


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Safety measures to be observed within premises of

establishments Any obstruction from walkway surface must be cleared.

Floors, stairs and landings shall not be slippery. If necessary, non-slip

walkway surface must be provided

Ladderway opening and stairway opening shall be guarded on all

exposed sides by permanent railings and toeboards except entrance tostairway.

Manhole floor openings shall be guarded by manhole covers of

adequate strength which need not be hinged.

Floor openings where persons cannot accidentally fall on account of

fixed machinery, equipment or wall shall be guarded by covershaving openings no more than 2.5 cm in width securely held in place.

Construction of floors, stairs, windows, ladders, overhead walks,

runways and platforms must be in accordance with the OSH

Standards

Rule 1070


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Rule 1070

Occupational Health and

Environmental Control

Threshold Limit Values (TLV) for

Airborne Contaminants and PhysicalAgents

Working Environment Measurement(WEM)


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General Provisions: The rule establishes

threshold limit values for toxic and

carcinogenic substances and physicalagents which may be present in the

atmosphere of the work environment


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Threshold limit Valuestime weighted

concentrations for an 8-hour workday and a

total of 48 hours of exposure per week

for airborne contaminants


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Physical Agents Noise

Illumination

Lighting

Ventilation

Air supply Air Movement

Temperature and Humidity


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EXISTING WORK ENVIRONMENT IN THE

PHILIPPINES

A Study of the Prevailing Working Conditionsin Different Industries

-study done by the Occupational Safety andHealth Center (OSHC) of the Department ofLabor and Employment (DOLE) to assess theworking environment of different industriesespecially monitoring of workers exposure toharmful agents and to determine the rate ofcompliance to Rule 1070 or the OccupationalHealth and Environment Control


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Analysis of the results of the Work

Environment Measurement (WEM) done

from January 1998 to July 2002

WEMa method of determining the actual

workplace conditions as well as their

environmental stresses and their possibledeleterious effects on the workers health

through direct measurement of hazards


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Data on the Study (19982002) No. of establishments = 504

39.9% small scale enterprises

39.7% large scale enterprises

20.4% medium scale enterprises


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Types of establishments:

Electronics and semi-con - 24.2%

Metal products12.3%

Government and academe11.7%


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Assessments Requested:

General Ventilation = 301 companies

Noise = 216

Airborne dust = 132

Lead fumes = 113


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Results of the Study Many of the workers are in hazardous

places:

General Ventilation- many of the companiesdid not meet the recommended control

velocity range set by the American

Conference of Governmental Industrial

Hygienists (ACGIH)


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Heat Exposure61 (78.2%) companies

have high level of heat exposure

Workers in metal products, rubber and plasticmfg were found to be severely exposed to

high levels of heat in their workplace


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Noise92 (42.6%) companies were found

to have exceeded the permissible noise

exposure level of 90 dBA for an 8 hourworking exposure

23 of 39 food and beverage manufacturers

have excessive nose levels followed by metalproduct and plastic rubber industries with a

total number of 23 and 14, respectively


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Illumination77 (79.4%) companies wereassessed to have levels that did not meet

the minimum lighting requirementscorresponding to the varied nature ofactivities in the work areas

38.5% of food and beverage companies,

25.8% of metal products manufacturers and19.4% of the rubber and plasticmanufacturers have poor lighting conditions


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Exposure to gases (most common were carbon

monoxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide,

ozone, nitrogen dioxide and oxygen) In general, exposure of workers was below the

corresponding Threshold Limit Values (TLVs)

Workers exposure to various organic solvents in

different industries was within the correspondingTLVs


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Exposure to airborne dust (132 companies)

6.8% of companies were found to have dust

concentrations that exceeded the TLVs forrespirable and total dust


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Exposure to inorganic acids in different

companies was within the corresponding

TLVs

More than half of the 504 companies

assessed need improvement on their

working conditions to comply with Rule1070


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Implications of the study/database

Can serve as basis for OSHC to continuously

assess the companies in the improvement ofworking conditions, serve as input to new

labor enforcement and complement future

studies/research


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The prevention of occupational diseases

and the prevention of the health of workers,

both physical and mental can only beachieved by providing a healthy,

comfortable and hazard-freeworking

environment

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