Embedded system by owais

GEETA Engineering College

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION

Presented by:Presented by:OWAIS MUSHTAQ

R.No. 4912329ECE 3RD YEAR

Presented to:Er. VIKAS JINDALAsst. Professor

EMBEDDED SYSTEM BASICS AND APPLICATION

About COMPANY

CETPA INFOTECH PVT LTD is the leader in the “specialized training” brands of India certified by ISO 9001:2008 for its optimum quality.

CETPA INFOTECH is the largest training service provider in various engineering domains for all Engineering students as well as for the working professionals.

It has an extensive experience of nurturing over 20000+ technical, hardworking and brilliant students in the past few emerging great years.

CETPA has been awarded as the “Best IT and Embedded Training Company” for 4 consecutive years for delivering high quality training and workshops at more than 500 colleges across India.

It is a trustworthy brand in Education and Training industry with its presence across several cities such as Noida, Roorkee, Lucknow and Dehradun. The company has started 12 years back and are continuously expanding having overseas branches in Germany and Ukraine.

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TOPICS TO BE DISCUSSED

• System• Embedded System• Components• Processor• Microcontroller• Software's• Applications

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INTRODUCTIONWhat is a system?• A system is a way of working,

organizing or doing one or many tasks according to a fixed plan, program or set of rules.

• A system is also an arrangement in which all its units assemble and work together according to the plan or program.

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SYSTEM EXAMPLESWATCH

It is a time display SYSTEMParts: Hardware, Needles, Battery, Dial, Chassis and Strap

Rules1.All needles move clockwise only2.A thin needle rotates every second3.A long needle rotates every minute 4.A short needle rotates every hour5.All needles return to the original position after 12 hours

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SYSTEM EXAMPLES WASHING MACHINE

It is an automatic clothes washing SYSTEMParts: Status display panel, Switches & Dials, Motor, Power supply & control unit, Inner water level sensor and solenoid valve.

Rules1.Wash by spinning 2.Rinse3.Drying 4.Wash over by blinking 5.Each step display the process stage6.In case interruption, execute only the remaining

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EMBEDDED SYSTEMDefinition: An Embedded System is one that has computer hardware with software embedded in it as one of its important components.

SOFTWARE PROGRAM

#include <16f876a.h>#use delay (clock=20000000)#byte PORTB=6main(){set_tris_b(0);portb=255; //decimaldelay_ms(1000);portb=0x55; //hexadecimaldelay_ms(1000);portb=0b10101010; //binarydelay_ms(500);}

Its software embeds in ROM (Read Only Memory). It does not need secondary memories as in a computer

HARDWARE

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COMPONENTS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM

• It has HardwareProcessor, Timers, Interrupt controller, I/O Devices, Memories, Ports, etc.

• It has main Application SoftwareWhich may perform concurrently the series of tasks or multiple tasks.

• It has Real Time Operating System (RTOS)RTOS defines the way the system work. Which supervise the application software. It sets the rules during the execution of the application program. A small scale embedded system may not need an RTOS.

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EMBEDDED SYSTEM HARDWARE

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EMBEDDED SYSTEM CONSTRAINTS

An embedded system is designed to keep in view three constraints:

– Available system memory

– Available processor speed

– The need to limit the power dissipationWhen running the system continuously in cycles of wait for events, run, stop and wakeup.

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DEVELOPMENT TOOLS FOR EMBEDDED SYSTEM

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DEVELOPMENT TOOLS FOR EMBEDDED

SYSTEM

ASSEMBLER COMPILER

OPERATING SYSTEM(RTOS)

DEBUGGER

SIMULATOR

EMULATOR

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What makes embedded systems different?

• Real-time operation• size• cost• time• reliability• safety• energy• security

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PROCESSOR• A Processor is the heart of the Embedded

System.

• For an embedded system designer knowledge of microprocessor and microcontroller is must.

Two Essential Units: Operations

Control Unit (CU), Fetch

Execution Unit (EU) Execute

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MICROPROCESSOR Vs MICROCONTROLLER

MICROPROCESSOR MICROCONTROLLER

It has only CPU inside them, these don’t have RAM, ROM, and other peripherals.

It has a CPU, in addition with a fixed amount of RAM, ROM and other peripherals all embedded on a single chip.

Microprocessor find applications where tasks are unspecific like developing software, games, websites, photo editing, creating documents etc.

Microcontrollers are designed to perform specific tasks. For example, keyboards, mouse, washing machine, etc.

Microprocessor is costlier. A microcontroller is far cheaper than a microprocessor.

It is used for designing general purpose digital computers system

They are used for designing application specific dedicated systems

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MICROCONTROLLER• A microcontroller is a functional computer

system-on-a-chip.

• It contains a processor, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals.

• Microcontrollers include an integrated CPU, memory (a small amount of RAM, program memory, or both) and peripherals capable of input and output.

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VARIOUS MICROCONTROLLERS

INTEL 8031,8032,8051,8052,8751,8752

PIC 8-bit PIC16, PIC18, 16-bit DSPIC33 / PIC24, PIC16C7x

MotorolaMC68HC11

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PIC 18F458

• PIC18F458 is a 8 bit microcontroller which gives high computational performance at economical price.

• It has on chip peripherals like flash EEPROM, RAM, enhanced addressable USART, A/D channels.

• It has 32 Kbytes flash memory available as program memory.

• PIC18F458 has 8 A/D channels and thus a number of sensors can be connected.

• It has enhanced addressable USART.

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PIN DESCRIPTION

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FEATURES:

Some of the features of PIC 18f458:•Operating frequency – 40MHZ•Internal bytes (Flash) – 32k•Data memory (bytes) – 1536•Data EEPROM (bytes) – 256•Interrupt Sources – 21•Input/output Ports – A,B,C,D,E (5)•10 bit ADC – 8 input channel•Packages – 40 pin DIP 44 pin

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INTERFACING DC MOTOR WITH PIC

Some points regarding dc motor interfacing:

• Dc motor are not directly interfaced with PIC 18f458.

• We need an IC L293D for interfacing of DC motor.

• L293D is known as Driver IC used for amplification.

• When working on Proteus we can directly interface DC motor with PIC as shown in previous slide.

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PROGRAM CODING:#define sw1 PORTA.RA1

#define sw2 PORTA.RA2

void main()

{

ADCON1=0x07;

TRISD=0x00;

TRISA=0xFF;

while(1)

{

if(sw1==1&&sw2==1)

{

PORTD=0x09;

delay_ms(500);

}

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else if(sw1==1&&sw2==0){PORTD=0x05;delay_ms(500);}else if(sw1==0&&sw2==1){PORTD=0x0A;delay_ms(500);}elsePORTD=0x00;}

}

Continue…

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SOFTWARES

MICRO C

PICKIT-2

PROTEUS

EXPRESS PCB

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•Household appliances:Microwave ovens, Television, DVD Players & Recorders

•Audio players

•Integrated systems in aircrafts and missiles

•Cellular telephones

•Electric and Electronic Motor controllers

•Engine controllers in automobiles

•Calculators

• Medical equipments

•Videogames

•Digital musical instruments, etc.

APPLICATIONS

03.01.09

Some memorable moments of our training

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