Embedded system

HARDWARE UNITS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM

PRESENTATION ON ::::>>>>>>>>

INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED

SYSTEM

Definition---“An embedded system is a system that has embedded software and computer hardware, which makes it a system dedicated for an application(s) or specific part of an application.”

INTRODUCTION

Embedding a computer

MEMORY

INPUT

OUTPUTANALOG

CPU

ANALOG

BUS

EMBEDDED COMPUTER

INTRODUCTION

Examples

Personal digital assistant {PDA}PrinterCell phone Automobile: engine, break, dash etc.TelevisionHouse hold appliances

INTRODUCTION

PDADellAxim X50 wireless media PDA

SmartphoneNOKIA N8ARM11680 MHz Samsung AL54 processor

INTRODUCTION >> Examples

Examples

Personal digital assistant {PDA}PrinterCell phone Automobile: engine, break, dash etc.TelevisionHouse hold appliances Surveillance systems

INTRODUCTION

ToysSony AIBORobotic Dog64 - bit RISC processor

INTRODUCTION >> Examples

Aldebaran NAOV4 generation

New embedded 1.6 GHz Intel® Atom™ microprocessor

INTRODUCTION >> Examples

Automotive embedded system Today’s high-end automobile may have 100 microcontroller• 4-bit microcontroller checks seat belt;• Microcontroller run dashboard devices;• 16/32-bit microcontroller controls

engine

INTRODUCTION >> Examples

AUTOMATIC TRACTION CONTROL

AIR BAG

GPS

WINDOWS DEFROSTER

Sensor

Automotive Breaking System

SensorSensor

Sensor

Break

BreakBreak

Break

Hydraulic PumpAutomated Breaking System

INTRODUCTION >> Examples

Medical

• Imaging System (X-ray, MRI, Full body image result)• Patient body• Surgery machines

INTRODUCTION >> Examples

What is Real-time operation?

Must finish operations by deadlines.•Hard real time: Missing deadlines causes

failure.• Soft real time: Missing deadlines results in

degraded performance

INTRODUCTION

SOFTWAREArchitecture of E.S.

AUXILLARY SYSTEM (POWER

COOLING)

SENSOR ACTUATOR

DIAGNOSTICPORT

D/ACONVERSION

A/DCONVERSION

HUMANINTERFACE

ELECTROMECHANICALBACKUP & SAFETY

EXTERNALENVIRONMENT

FPGA/ASIC MEMORY

CPU

MICROCONTROLLER

INTRODUCTION

Implementing Embedded System

Hardware• Processing element • Peripherals•Memory •Bus

Software• System software & application

Hardware , Software partitioning of Task

INTRODUCTION

EMBEDDED HARDWARE

Embedded System Hardware Embedded system hardware is used for processing of input to produce output in task specific fashion

Output Interface

Information Processing

System

Input Interface

Embedded Hardware

Hardware Component of an Embedded System

Program Memory

Data Memory

Serial Ports

Interrupt Controller

I/P Device/Interfacing Devices/ Driver Circuits

Timers/Counters

Parallel Ports

Embedded Hardware

O/P Device/Interfacing Devices/ Driver Circuits

Power Supply Reset

Circuit Oscillator

Application Specific Circuits

Processer

Hardware Units1. Power Source.2. Clock Oscillator.3. Timer & Real-time Clocks.4. Reset Circuit & Watchdog-Timer Reset.5. Memory.6. Input/Output- Port and Interfaces.7. DAC using a PWM and ADC8. Input Device.9. Output/Display Device.10. Networking Device.11. Interrupt Handler

Embedded Hardware

1. Power Source

Ranges :

5.0 V ± 0.25 V3.3 V ± 0.3 V2.0 V ± 0.2 V1.5 V ± 0.2 V

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

Graphic Card Network Interface Card

1. Power Source2. Clock Oscillator

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

Oscillator

Output Voltage Control

Vo

Output Frequency Control

+V

Clock

1. Power Source2. Clock Oscillator3. Timer & Real Time clock

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

1. Power Source2. Clock Oscillator3. Real Time clock4. Reset Circuit & Watchdog-Timer Reset

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

1. Power Source2. Clock Oscillator3. Real Time clock4. Reset Circuit & Watchdog Timer Reset5. Memory

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

Memory RAM

Internal RAM External RAM Cache Memory

ROM PROM EPROM Flash/EEPROM

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

1. Power Source2. Clock Oscillator3. Real Time clock4. Reset Circuit & Watchdog Timer Reset5. Memory6. I/O Ports & Interfaces

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

1. Power Source2. Clock Oscillator3. Real Time clock4. Reset Circuit & Watchdog Timer Reset5. Memory6. I/O Ports & Interfaces7. DAC using a PWM and an ADC

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

1. Power Source2. Clock Oscillator3. Real Time clock4. Reset Circuit & Watchdog Timer Reset5. Memory6. I/O Ports & Interfaces7. DAC using a PWM and an ADC8. Input Devices

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

Keypad

Keyboard

Mouse

Input Devices

1. Power Source2. Clock Oscillator3. Real Time clock4. Reset Circuit & Watchdog Timer Reset5. Memory6. I/O Ports & Interfaces7. DAC using a PWM and an ADC8. Input Devices9. Output/Display Devices

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

LCD

LED

PRINTER

Output Devices

1. Power Source2. Clock Oscillator3. Real Time clock4. Reset Circuit & Watchdog Timer Reset5. Memory6. I/O Ports & Interfaces7. DAC using a PWM and an ADC8. Input Devices9. Display Devices10. Networking Devices (Modem & Transceiver)

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

Wireless Modem

Walky Talky

1. Power Source2. Clock Oscillator3. Real Time clock4. Reset Circuit & Watchdog Timer Reset5. Memory6. I/O Ports & Interfaces7. DAC using a PWM and an ADC8. Input Devices9. Display Devices10. Modem & Transceiver11. Interrupt Handler

Embedded Hardware>>Hardware Units

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