Transcript
Using Bio-fortified Crops for
Community Intervention Studies
Guangwen Tang, Ph.D.
Carotenoids and Health Laboratory
Jean Mayer USDA
Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy
Tufts University
To combat vitamin A deficiency:
• vitamin A capsule supplementation
• food fortification
• dietary approach (the best and major
long-term solution)
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Food Sources of Vitamin A
animal products plant products
preformed
vitamin A
pro-vitamin A
carotenoids
CH2OH
+
ß-carotene
retinol
in SERUM
ß-carotene
Provitamin A Carotenoids Can
Convert to Vitamin A
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Food matrix DoseConversion
Factor (by wt)Reference
carrot
n = 7
10 mg b-C
3 mg 2H8 vitamin A
15 : 1
(8 to 25 : 1)
Tang, et al.
AJCN 2005
spinach
n = 14
11 mg b-C
3 mg 2H8vitamin A
21 : 1
(11 to 47 : 1)Tang, et al.
AJCN 2005
Conversion Factors of Plant b-Carotene to Retinol
Using Isotope Reference Method in Adult Subjects
21 to 12,500 mg
b-carotene 100 mg50 g
50 g 85 mg retinol
50 g 3,000 mg
b-carotene 200 mg15 to 1
200 ml
90 mg retinol
15 g 130 mg retinol
300 mg retinol
305 mg retinolor
30 g
RDA: men 900 mg and women 700 mg retinol
Children 4 – 8y, 400 mg
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Subjects DoseConversion
Factor (by wt)Reference
Golden Rice
5 Adults
1 – 1.5 mg b-C
0.5 – 1 mg 13C10
vitamin A
3.8 : 1
(2 to 6 : 1)
Tang, et al.
AJCN 2009
Golden Rice
24 Children
1 mg b-C
0.5 mg 13C10
vitamin A
2.0 : 1
Tang, et al.FASEB J. 2010
Yellow Maize
US Women
n = 5
0.6 mg maize b-C
250 g
porridge
6.5 : 1
( 3.9 to 13.3 : 1)
Li, et al.
AJCN 2010
Zimbabwean
Men, n = 8
1.2 mg maize b-C
300 g porridge
1 mg 13C8vitamin A
(reference dose)
3.2 : 1
(1.5 to 5.3 : 1)Muzhingi et al
FASEB J. 2010
Conversion Factors of an Acute Dose of
Golden Rice or Maize b-Carotene to Retinol
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
These results indicate that
Golden Rice and high b-
carotene yellow maize are
more bioavailable to provide
vitamin A nutrition.
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Based on the Progress in Nutrition:
How do we maximize impact and
speed up delivery?
Win community support !!!
Conduct community studies to feed these
staples daily to needed children.
It will provide direct evidences on improving
vitamin A status with the biofortified staples.
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Choose right locations
Inform and communicate with local
government agency
School and parent supports
Good intervention study practice
Large scale intervention trials
to evaluate the efficacy
Hengyang, South of Hunan Province
South-west Zhejiang Province
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
A Small Town of Xianju County
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Recruitment meeting:
Local Office, Parent, Teacher, and Scientists
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Meeting with Parents
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Presenting the Protocol
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Asking Questions
Sterilizer Cabinet for Utensils
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Purchase Foods from Reliable Sources
Distributing Labeled VA Capsules
as a Reference Dose
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Providing Healthy Meals
Get Ready for Blood Draw
Before the End of Study Meeting
Gifts for Participation
Putting Gifts Together
Sign to Receive Gifts for Participation
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University
Large scale community
efficacy intervention trials
will bring the new crops
to their daily life, gain first-hand
health impact information,
and promote the acceptance.
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