Transcript
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Operationally Responsive Space Office
Operationally Responsive Space (ORS):Vision for a Transformed Space Enterprise
13th ISU Annual International Symposium19 February 2009
Dr. Thomas C. AdangORS Office/Aerospace
Thomas.adang@Kirtland.af.mil505-846-3115
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Outline
• Motivators for Space Enterprise Transformation
• Formation of the ORS Office
• Vision for ORS
• ORS Stakeholder Engagement
• Summary
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Our Reliance on Space is Growing Every Day
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National Security Space
National Security Space
Joint Operations &
Intelligence Collection
Joint Operations &
Intelligence Collection
Civil Space Applications
Civil Space Applications
Navigation, Emergency Services, Weather &
Scientific Research
Navigation, Emergency Services, Weather &
Scientific Research
Commercial Space Apps
Commercial Space Apps
Financial, Precision Farming & Wireless
Communications
Financial, Precision Farming & Wireless
Communications
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“United States national security is critically dependent on spacecapabilities, and this dependence will grow.” National Space Policy, 2006
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Evolving Threat Capabilities
RF Jamming
High/Low Energy Laser
Direct Ascent ASAT
Co-Orbital ASAT
Physical Attack
Cyber Attack
Nuclear Detonation
High Power Microwave
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1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
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Current –13,970 2020 Projected –19,000+
# of Objects
A Complex Space Environment
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Countries
Object Size
Use of Space
Debris
Contested Space Domain Trends Are Increasing
Changing Security Environment Necessitates a Shift in How We Think About “Space Protection!”
Changing Security Environment Necessitates a Shift in How We Think About “Space Protection!”
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Operationally Responsive Space (ORS)Four Reasons, One ORS, One Mission
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ASSURED SPACE POWER FOCUSED ON TIMELY SATISFACTION OF JFCs’ NEEDS
Operationally Responsive
Space
Technology advancing
military utility of
small sats
Space Protection,
robust space capabilities
GWOT: capacity and
revisit vs. exquisite
Budget pressures,
new business
model
Four Reasons
One ORS
One Mission
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ORS Senior Stakeholder Expectations
• President of the United States
– “Before 2010, the United States shall demonstrate an initial capability for operationally responsive access to and use of space to support national security requirements providing capacity to respond to unexpected loss or degradation of selected capabilities, and/or to provide timely availability of tailored or new capabilities.”
• Congress
– “Secretary of Defense shall establish an Office”
– “Head of the Office shall be the Department of Defense Executive Agent for Space”
• U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense
– Provide “assured space power focused on timely satisfaction of Joint Force Commander’s needs” by
• Developing end-to-end ORS enablers
• Executing rapid capability efforts to meet urgent operational needs of the Joint Force Commanders
• Commander, U.S. Strategic Command (CDRUSSTRATCOM)
– ORS Office will focus primarily on the rapid development of highly responsive space solutions (e.g., small satellite/launch vehicle combinations, data sharing innovations)
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Tier 1 “Employ it”
On-demand with existing assets
Minutes to hours
Tier 2 “Launch/deploy it”
On-call with ready-to-field assets
Days to weeks
Tier 3 “Develop it”
Rapid transition from development to delivery of new or modified capabilities
Months (not years)
ORS Approaches
Gaps / Needs Identified and Prioritized by
USSTRATCOM
ORS EffectsORS Needs
Reconstitute lost capabilities
Augment/Surgeexisting capabilities
Fill Unanticipated Gapsin capabilities
Exploit new technical/ operational innovations
Respond to unforeseen or episodic events
Enhance survivability and deterrence
ORS Senior Stakeholder ExpectationsCDRUSSTRATCOM Desired End State
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• ORS Community:
– Improve the responsiveness of existing space capabilities and the rapid development/fielding of new capabilities
• ORS Office:
– Expedite development and fielding of select responsive space solutions
– Office must be DoD Joint; must include mission partners (Intelligence Community, Civil Agencies, Allies, Industry, Academia)
– Office must evolve / adapt as needed
O R S
C ore
Acq u is itio n
O p eratio ns S u pp o rt
S & TC O C O M /U ser S u pp o rt
C o n cep ts/ S olu tion s
• O S D /D R & E• Service L ab s , D AR P A• O th er g o v’t o rg s
• TE N C AP• B attle L ab s• JF C• D o ctrin e• W arg am es• Exerc ises• M o d /S im
•S ervice /ag en cies acqu is ition o rgs•U AV s/A irb o rn e pay load s
• U S ST R AT C O M• C o m po n en ts• C O C O M S
•JF C C s•SD T W•B losso m P t•Fo rce p ro vid ers
•C oalitio n
S p an o f C ontro l … … … … … … … … . S pan o f In fluence
•Acad em ia
D efen se C ivil
C om m ercialIn tellig ence
O R S
C ore
Acq u is itio n
O p eratio ns S u pp o rt
S & TC O C O M /U ser S u pp o rt
C o n cep ts/ S olu tion s
• O S D /D R & E• Service L ab s , D AR P A• O th er g o v’t o rg s
• TE N C AP• B attle L ab s• JF C• D o ctrin e• W arg am es• Exerc ises• M o d /S im
•S ervice /ag en cies acqu is ition o rgs•U AV s/A irb o rn e pay load s
• U S ST R AT C O M• C o m po n en ts• C O C O M S
•JF C C s•SD T W•B losso m P t•Fo rce p ro vid ers
•C oalitio n
S p an o f C ontro l … … … … … … … … . S pan o f In fluence
•Acad em ia
D efen se C ivil
C om m ercialIn tellig ence
Formation of the ORS OfficeDepartment of Defense Plan
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Communications
Full Range Tactical EW
Tactically Persistent ISR
SSA/Space Protection
Robust Rapid Reconstitution
AcademicCivilInternationalCommercialNational
ASSURED SPACE POWER FOCUSED ON TIMELY SATISFACTION OF JFCs’ NEEDS
ORS Office Director’s Vision 2015 User View
TargetTracks
SurfaceDisturbances
Change DetectionChange Detection
Laptop & PDA Displays
Tactical Info to UserTheater Tasking
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ORS Office Director’s VisionLeverage Lessons from Aircraft Community
• Respond to Joint Force Commander Needs • Develop End-to-End Enablers for Small Satellites to Provide
Timely Space Solutions to Joint Force Commanders
Payload Flexibility•Telescopes, comm pkgs, Mini-SAR•RF ID, PAN/MSI/HSI backplane
Responsive Buses
Bus Flexibility/Compatibility• Plug n Play, standard interfaces• Modularity
On-Demand Launchers
Responsive Payloads
Recon Wing Capability for Space
Responsive Platforms- Satellite buses - Plug-n-play satellite payloads- Launch Vehicles
Rapid Build-Up/Turn Times- JFC Call-Up - Operation, not acquisition- Air Tasking Order Responsiveness- Sustained high ops tempo
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Theater Tasking
Target Area
Mission
Operations Center
Theater
CONUSSIPRNET & Other Networks
ACPT
Mission Planning
ORS 2015 Blueprint
• Launch vehicle and services cost <$20M
• Robust inventory of multiple types of launch vehicles
• Six-day call-up from storage to launch
Responsive C2 & TPEDResponsive Buses & Payloads Responsive Range & Launch
• Robust distributed C2—ground and space based
• Simplified warfighter interfaces
• Net-centric TPED warfighter support
• Space vehicle costs <$40M• Robust inventory of multi-
function, modular bus and payload components
• MOSA incorporated throughout solution set
Modular Open System Architecture (MOSA)
Rapid Integration & Launch
Rapid Transport toLaunch Range
Tier 1 Solutions
Tactical Tasking & Downlink
Plug-and-Fight spacecraft components–MOSA standards
Govt s/w
Library
ISR Mission Kit
Comm Mission Kit
Space Protection Mission Kit
Innovation Cell
Mission Design
Tool
Tier 2/3
Concepts/Solutions Group
“ORS Brain”
Tier 2/3 Solutions
S&T Infusion
JFC
Needs
JFC
Needs
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ORS Stakeholder Engagement New Perspective—President Obama Space Policy
• “Use space as a strategic tool of U.S. diplomacy to strengthen relations with allies, reduce future conflicts, and engage members of the developing world.”
• “Developing an international approach to …managing increasingly complex space operations are important steps towards sustaining our space operations.”
• “Protect our assets in space by pursuing new technologies and capabilities that allow us to avoid attacks and recover from them quickly. The O R S program, which uses smaller, more nimble space assets to make US systems more robust and less vulnerable, is a way to invest in this capability.”
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ORS Stakeholder Engagement Revitalize US Space Industry
• Increase opportunities for US space industry
– ORS will help broker Government-to-government agreements
– ORS will help create “ITAR - umbrella” structure to enable US companies to collaborate more effectively
• Increase transaction rates
– Increase launch rate
– Increase rate of learning, innovation, and technology refresh
• Attract and grow future workforce
– Young engineers attracted to rapid flight rates
– New engineers rapidly gain end-to-end spacecraft mission experience
• Bring information age technologies and processes to “Industrial Age Space Industry”
– Modular, Open-Systems Architecture (MOSA) will enable effective international partnerships and use of best available technologies
– Enables “commodity production” of complex systems
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Scaled Composites
Andrews Space
Space-X
Northrop Gruman
Rocketplane
Orbital Sciences
Lockheed Martin
Armadillo Aerospace
Spacehab
HMXAirLaunch
Cal Tech
Microcosm
USLBlue Origin
Boeing
Emerging
Industry!
Aerospace
Primes!
STA
Aerojet
XCOR
P&W
TGV
ORS Stakeholder EngagementLeverage Private & Entrepreneurial Sectors
NSPD40: “capitalize on the entrepreneurial spirit of the U.S. private sector”
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ORS Stakeholder Engagement Implement International Collaboration Strategy
Goal: Harness capabilities of coalition space assets and enablecoalition participation in ORS constellations
3. Coalition Partners –procure or reproduce additional copies
4. Coalition Partners –enter into data sharing and tasking agreements
Results:
• Use space as Foreign Policy Instrument for Economic and Scientific Stimulus
• Partner Can Buy The Capability of a Constellation….For The Price of a Single Satellite
2. US - develops ORS satellite & brokers coalition strategy
1. Establish agreement for international participation
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Summary
• There is an global need for space enterprise transformation
• The United States is committed to space enterprise transformation
• The ORS Office is a key “agent for change” for the United States part of that transformation
• The United States cannot achieve space enterprise transformation on its own
• The United State is committed to building the necessary coalition for space enterprise transformation
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