Operationally Responsive Space Office

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Operationally Responsive Space Office

Operationally Responsive Space (ORS):Vision for a Transformed Space Enterprise

13th ISU Annual International Symposium19 February 2009

Dr. Thomas C. AdangORS Office/Aerospace

[email protected]

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Outline

• Motivators for Space Enterprise Transformation

• Formation of the ORS Office

• Vision for ORS

• ORS Stakeholder Engagement

• Summary

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Our Reliance on Space is Growing Every Day

19571957 19671967 19771977 19871987 19971997

National Security Space

National Security Space

Joint Operations &

Intelligence Collection

Joint Operations &

Intelligence Collection

Civil Space Applications

Civil Space Applications

Navigation, Emergency Services, Weather &

Scientific Research

Navigation, Emergency Services, Weather &

Scientific Research

Commercial Space Apps

Commercial Space Apps

Financial, Precision Farming & Wireless

Communications

Financial, Precision Farming & Wireless

Communications

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“United States national security is critically dependent on spacecapabilities, and this dependence will grow.” National Space Policy, 2006

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Evolving Threat Capabilities

RF Jamming

High/Low Energy Laser

Direct Ascent ASAT

Co-Orbital ASAT

Physical Attack

Cyber Attack

Nuclear Detonation

High Power Microwave

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1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

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1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

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Current –13,970 2020 Projected –19,000+

# of Objects

A Complex Space Environment

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Countries

Object Size

Use of Space

Debris

Contested Space Domain Trends Are Increasing

Changing Security Environment Necessitates a Shift in How We Think About “Space Protection!”

Changing Security Environment Necessitates a Shift in How We Think About “Space Protection!”

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Operationally Responsive Space (ORS)Four Reasons, One ORS, One Mission

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ASSURED SPACE POWER FOCUSED ON TIMELY SATISFACTION OF JFCs’ NEEDS

Operationally Responsive

Space

Technology advancing

military utility of

small sats

Space Protection,

robust space capabilities

GWOT: capacity and

revisit vs. exquisite

Budget pressures,

new business

model

Four Reasons

One ORS

One Mission

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ORS Senior Stakeholder Expectations

• President of the United States

– “Before 2010, the United States shall demonstrate an initial capability for operationally responsive access to and use of space to support national security requirements providing capacity to respond to unexpected loss or degradation of selected capabilities, and/or to provide timely availability of tailored or new capabilities.”

• Congress

– “Secretary of Defense shall establish an Office”

– “Head of the Office shall be the Department of Defense Executive Agent for Space”

• U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense

– Provide “assured space power focused on timely satisfaction of Joint Force Commander’s needs” by

• Developing end-to-end ORS enablers

• Executing rapid capability efforts to meet urgent operational needs of the Joint Force Commanders

• Commander, U.S. Strategic Command (CDRUSSTRATCOM)

– ORS Office will focus primarily on the rapid development of highly responsive space solutions (e.g., small satellite/launch vehicle combinations, data sharing innovations)

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Tier 1 “Employ it”

On-demand with existing assets

Minutes to hours

Tier 2 “Launch/deploy it”

On-call with ready-to-field assets

Days to weeks

Tier 3 “Develop it”

Rapid transition from development to delivery of new or modified capabilities

Months (not years)

ORS Approaches

Gaps / Needs Identified and Prioritized by

USSTRATCOM

ORS EffectsORS Needs

Reconstitute lost capabilities

Augment/Surgeexisting capabilities

Fill Unanticipated Gapsin capabilities

Exploit new technical/ operational innovations

Respond to unforeseen or episodic events

Enhance survivability and deterrence

ORS Senior Stakeholder ExpectationsCDRUSSTRATCOM Desired End State

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• ORS Community:

– Improve the responsiveness of existing space capabilities and the rapid development/fielding of new capabilities

• ORS Office:

– Expedite development and fielding of select responsive space solutions

– Office must be DoD Joint; must include mission partners (Intelligence Community, Civil Agencies, Allies, Industry, Academia)

– Office must evolve / adapt as needed

O R S

C ore

Acq u is itio n

O p eratio ns S u pp o rt

S & TC O C O M /U ser S u pp o rt

C o n cep ts/ S olu tion s

• O S D /D R & E• Service L ab s , D AR P A• O th er g o v’t o rg s

• TE N C AP• B attle L ab s• JF C• D o ctrin e• W arg am es• Exerc ises• M o d /S im

•S ervice /ag en cies acqu is ition o rgs•U AV s/A irb o rn e pay load s

• U S ST R AT C O M• C o m po n en ts• C O C O M S

•JF C C s•SD T W•B losso m P t•Fo rce p ro vid ers

•C oalitio n

S p an o f C ontro l … … … … … … … … . S pan o f In fluence

•Acad em ia

D efen se C ivil

C om m ercialIn tellig ence

O R S

C ore

Acq u is itio n

O p eratio ns S u pp o rt

S & TC O C O M /U ser S u pp o rt

C o n cep ts/ S olu tion s

• O S D /D R & E• Service L ab s , D AR P A• O th er g o v’t o rg s

• TE N C AP• B attle L ab s• JF C• D o ctrin e• W arg am es• Exerc ises• M o d /S im

•S ervice /ag en cies acqu is ition o rgs•U AV s/A irb o rn e pay load s

• U S ST R AT C O M• C o m po n en ts• C O C O M S

•JF C C s•SD T W•B losso m P t•Fo rce p ro vid ers

•C oalitio n

S p an o f C ontro l … … … … … … … … . S pan o f In fluence

•Acad em ia

D efen se C ivil

C om m ercialIn tellig ence

Formation of the ORS OfficeDepartment of Defense Plan

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Communications

Full Range Tactical EW

Tactically Persistent ISR

SSA/Space Protection

Robust Rapid Reconstitution

AcademicCivilInternationalCommercialNational

ASSURED SPACE POWER FOCUSED ON TIMELY SATISFACTION OF JFCs’ NEEDS

ORS Office Director’s Vision 2015 User View

TargetTracks

SurfaceDisturbances

Change DetectionChange Detection

Laptop & PDA Displays

Tactical Info to UserTheater Tasking

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ORS Office Director’s VisionLeverage Lessons from Aircraft Community

• Respond to Joint Force Commander Needs • Develop End-to-End Enablers for Small Satellites to Provide

Timely Space Solutions to Joint Force Commanders

Payload Flexibility•Telescopes, comm pkgs, Mini-SAR•RF ID, PAN/MSI/HSI backplane

Responsive Buses

Bus Flexibility/Compatibility• Plug n Play, standard interfaces• Modularity

On-Demand Launchers

Responsive Payloads

Recon Wing Capability for Space

Responsive Platforms- Satellite buses - Plug-n-play satellite payloads- Launch Vehicles

Rapid Build-Up/Turn Times- JFC Call-Up - Operation, not acquisition- Air Tasking Order Responsiveness- Sustained high ops tempo

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Theater Tasking

Target Area

Mission

Operations Center

Theater

CONUSSIPRNET & Other Networks

ACPT

Mission Planning

ORS 2015 Blueprint

• Launch vehicle and services cost <$20M

• Robust inventory of multiple types of launch vehicles

• Six-day call-up from storage to launch

Responsive C2 & TPEDResponsive Buses & Payloads Responsive Range & Launch

• Robust distributed C2—ground and space based

• Simplified warfighter interfaces

• Net-centric TPED warfighter support

• Space vehicle costs <$40M• Robust inventory of multi-

function, modular bus and payload components

• MOSA incorporated throughout solution set

Modular Open System Architecture (MOSA)

Rapid Integration & Launch

Rapid Transport toLaunch Range

Tier 1 Solutions

Tactical Tasking & Downlink

Plug-and-Fight spacecraft components–MOSA standards

Govt s/w

Library

ISR Mission Kit

Comm Mission Kit

Space Protection Mission Kit

Innovation Cell

Mission Design

Tool

Tier 2/3

Concepts/Solutions Group

“ORS Brain”

Tier 2/3 Solutions

S&T Infusion

JFC

Needs

JFC

Needs

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ORS Stakeholder Engagement New Perspective—President Obama Space Policy

• “Use space as a strategic tool of U.S. diplomacy to strengthen relations with allies, reduce future conflicts, and engage members of the developing world.”

• “Developing an international approach to …managing increasingly complex space operations are important steps towards sustaining our space operations.”

• “Protect our assets in space by pursuing new technologies and capabilities that allow us to avoid attacks and recover from them quickly. The O R S program, which uses smaller, more nimble space assets to make US systems more robust and less vulnerable, is a way to invest in this capability.”

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ORS Stakeholder Engagement Revitalize US Space Industry

• Increase opportunities for US space industry

– ORS will help broker Government-to-government agreements

– ORS will help create “ITAR - umbrella” structure to enable US companies to collaborate more effectively

• Increase transaction rates

– Increase launch rate

– Increase rate of learning, innovation, and technology refresh

• Attract and grow future workforce

– Young engineers attracted to rapid flight rates

– New engineers rapidly gain end-to-end spacecraft mission experience

• Bring information age technologies and processes to “Industrial Age Space Industry”

– Modular, Open-Systems Architecture (MOSA) will enable effective international partnerships and use of best available technologies

– Enables “commodity production” of complex systems

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Scaled Composites

Andrews Space

Space-X

Northrop Gruman

Rocketplane

Orbital Sciences

Lockheed Martin

Armadillo Aerospace

Spacehab

HMXAirLaunch

Cal Tech

Microcosm

USLBlue Origin

Boeing

Emerging

Industry!

Aerospace

Primes!

STA

Aerojet

XCOR

P&W

TGV

ORS Stakeholder EngagementLeverage Private & Entrepreneurial Sectors

NSPD40: “capitalize on the entrepreneurial spirit of the U.S. private sector”

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ORS Stakeholder Engagement Implement International Collaboration Strategy

Goal: Harness capabilities of coalition space assets and enablecoalition participation in ORS constellations

3. Coalition Partners –procure or reproduce additional copies

4. Coalition Partners –enter into data sharing and tasking agreements

Results:

• Use space as Foreign Policy Instrument for Economic and Scientific Stimulus

• Partner Can Buy The Capability of a Constellation….For The Price of a Single Satellite

2. US - develops ORS satellite & brokers coalition strategy

1. Establish agreement for international participation

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Summary

• There is an global need for space enterprise transformation

• The United States is committed to space enterprise transformation

• The ORS Office is a key “agent for change” for the United States part of that transformation

• The United States cannot achieve space enterprise transformation on its own

• The United State is committed to building the necessary coalition for space enterprise transformation

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Operationally Responsive Space Office

Questions?