Transcript
UNDERSTANDING AND MEASURING THE
IMPACT OF OPENING UP AND RE-USING
OGD: A CHALLENGING TASK
Edwin Lau Head of Division
Reform of the Public Sector DivisionPublic Governance and Territorial Development Directorate
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OECD OGD PROJECT 2013-14
• Working Paper “Open Government Data: Towards Empirical Analysis of Open Government Data Initiatives” with full assessment methodology (analytical framework + data collection) [Dec 2012-May 2013]
• OGD survey : strategy, implementation, value generation, challenges [Apr – Sept 2013]
• Pilot testing of the methodology in 8 OECD countries (validate the methodology, map initiatives, collect practices, impact assessment, advice on maximizing benefits and value creation) + MENA region [July 2013 – Jan 2014]
• OGD report : data analysis and outcome of piloting [2014]
Timeline and milestones
• Why Open Government Data?
• From “Right to Information” to
“Open Government Data”
• Defining PSI, OGD and Big Data
• Setting the principles : is it really
open?
Overarching issues
Defining PSI, OGD and Big Data
PSI
OGD
Big Data
Source: OECD 2013
• Policy challenges
• Technical challenges
• Economic and financial challenges
• Organisational challenges
• Cultural challenges
• Legal challenges
Key dimensions for implementation
• Economic value• Growth and competitiveness in the wider economy
• Fostering innovation, efficiency and effectiveness in government services (internal and external)
• Social value• Promoting citizens’ self-empowerment, social participation
and engagement
• Public governance value• Improving accountability, transparency, responsiveness
and democratic control
What values are governments expecting?
Assessing impact and measuring value
• Parts:– Analytical framework: overarching issues,
implementation, impact– Metrics
• Scope of value/impact assessment: economic, social and good governance
• Objective is to assist governments to:– Understand, structure and manage OGD impact– Develop “strategies for government data and
information management”.
• Expected results: more effective OD policies and more sustainable OGD re-use efforts.
OECD OGD Assessment Methodology
OGD Survey (overall data collection)– Overall comparative view
Pilot testing (data and case studies)– Objectives: mapping, collecting practices,
assessing impact (value), providing advises – Focus : implementation and impact– Expected outcomes : data mining, data analytics,
crowd-sourcing to support service innovation, social innovation, dataset supply/demand/use.
Validated OGD methodology – For OGD country reviews
OECD OGD measurement
Survey and analysis: emerging results
• The “pioneers” (e.g. UK, USA, Spain)
• Devising a sustainable financial mechanism (e.g. Denmark, the Netherlands)
• Establishing the governance framework first (e.g. Germany, Switzerland)
Emerging approaches
Centralised vs. decentralised
28%
52%
16%
4%
Does the central/federal government currently have an OGD strategy or policy in place?
Both a and b. Central national strategy co-exists with line ministries' own strategies
Yes
No single, unified central/federal govern-ment strategy/policy exists. However, indi-vidual line ministries/agencies have a sep-arate strategiesy/policies in place
No OGD policies/strategies strategies or policies currently in place in central/federal government
Open Data Strategy: Government Objectives
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Chart Title
Perc
enta
ge o
f re
spondin
g c
ountr
ies
Source: Government at A Glance 2013 (forthcoming)
Open Data Strategy: Government Objectives
f. Create economic value for the public sector
i. Facilitate citizens' participation in public debate
j. Enable citizens' engagement in decision-making processes
c. Improve public sector performance by strengthening accountability
e. Enable service delivery from private sector through data re-use
d. Improve internal operations and collaboration
h. Facilitate creation of new businesses
b. Increase openness
g. Create economic value for the private sector
a. Increase transparency
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
% OECD
Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)
Creating the right ecosystem: consulting the stakeholders
a. Y
es w
ith ci
tizen
s
b. Y
es w
ith ci
vil soc
iety
org
anisat
ions
c. Yes
with
firm
s an
d th
eir a
ssoc
iatio
ns
d. Y
es w
ith ci
vil ser
vant
s
e. Y
es i
n co
oper
atio
n with
seve
ral l
ine
min
istrie
s
f. Yes
with
spec
ial i
nter
est r
epre
sent
ative
s/lob
bysis
t
g. N
o0%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%
Was the central/federal OGD strategy/policy developed in consultation with stakeholders?
Perc
enta
ge o
f re
spondent
countr
ies
Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)
Involving the users and knowing the demand
a. Y
es citi
zens
' inf
ormat
ion
need
s
b. Y
es, b
usin
esse
s' in
form
atio
n ne
eds
c. Y
es, o
ther
sta
keho
lder
s' n
eeds
(e.g
. non
-pro
fit org
anisat
ions
)
d. N
one
of th
e ab
ove
appl
ies
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%
Perc
enta
ge o
f re
spondent
countr
ies
Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)
Does your government regularly consult users on their needs and preferences of the type of data released?
Is OGD sustainable?
25%
56%
19%
Please indicate if the central government's OGD policy has its own line of financing
a. Government has identified funding to finance development of selected high priority OGD initiativesb. Government has identified no addi-tional sources of potential funding for open data initiativesc. Other, please specify.
Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)
Principal Challenges for Further Development of OGD Initiatives
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Perc
enta
ge o
f re
spondin
g c
ountr
ies
Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)
OECD OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA REVIEWS
• Review national context • Spot main challenges and
opportunities• Advise on strategies and
implementation• Help building capacities for value
creation and impact assessment
NEXT STEPS IN THE ANALYSIS
• Understanding the impact of OGD on social innovation, service innovation and public value creation
• Tackling pending issues:• Balancing the strive for openness with privacy and security
• Resolving legal conflicts
• Harmonising definitions
• Acquiring adequate skills and capabilities in the public sector
• Avoiding new divides and focus on OGD for participatory governance
• Improving understanding of context and data demand
Further analytical work to focus on…
• Access the Working Paper at: www.oecd.org/gov/egov
• Send your comments on the Working Paper to : edwin.lau@oecd.org
Thank you!
An open process
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