OECD GOV Open government data

UNDERSTANDING AND MEASURING THE

IMPACT OF OPENING UP AND RE-USING

OGD: A CHALLENGING TASK

Edwin Lau Head of Division

Reform of the Public Sector DivisionPublic Governance and Territorial Development Directorate

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OECD OGD PROJECT 2013-14

• Working Paper “Open Government Data: Towards Empirical Analysis of Open Government Data Initiatives” with full assessment methodology (analytical framework + data collection) [Dec 2012-May 2013]

• OGD survey : strategy, implementation, value generation, challenges [Apr – Sept 2013]

• Pilot testing of the methodology in 8 OECD countries (validate the methodology, map initiatives, collect practices, impact assessment, advice on maximizing benefits and value creation) + MENA region [July 2013 – Jan 2014]

• OGD report : data analysis and outcome of piloting [2014]

Timeline and milestones

• Why Open Government Data?

• From “Right to Information” to

“Open Government Data”

• Defining PSI, OGD and Big Data

• Setting the principles : is it really

open?

Overarching issues

Defining PSI, OGD and Big Data

PSI

OGD

Big Data

Source: OECD 2013

• Policy challenges

• Technical challenges

• Economic and financial challenges

• Organisational challenges

• Cultural challenges

• Legal challenges

Key dimensions for implementation

• Economic value• Growth and competitiveness in the wider economy

• Fostering innovation, efficiency and effectiveness in government services (internal and external)

• Social value• Promoting citizens’ self-empowerment, social participation

and engagement

• Public governance value• Improving accountability, transparency, responsiveness

and democratic control

What values are governments expecting?

Assessing impact and measuring value

• Parts:– Analytical framework: overarching issues,

implementation, impact– Metrics

• Scope of value/impact assessment: economic, social and good governance

• Objective is to assist governments to:– Understand, structure and manage OGD impact– Develop “strategies for government data and

information management”.

• Expected results: more effective OD policies and more sustainable OGD re-use efforts.

OECD OGD Assessment Methodology

OGD Survey (overall data collection)– Overall comparative view

Pilot testing (data and case studies)– Objectives: mapping, collecting practices,

assessing impact (value), providing advises – Focus : implementation and impact– Expected outcomes : data mining, data analytics,

crowd-sourcing to support service innovation, social innovation, dataset supply/demand/use.

Validated OGD methodology – For OGD country reviews

OECD OGD measurement

Survey and analysis: emerging results

• The “pioneers” (e.g. UK, USA, Spain)

• Devising a sustainable financial mechanism (e.g. Denmark, the Netherlands)

• Establishing the governance framework first (e.g. Germany, Switzerland)

Emerging approaches

Centralised vs. decentralised

28%

52%

16%

4%

Does the central/federal government currently have an OGD strategy or policy in place?

Both a and b. Central national strategy co-exists with line ministries' own strategies

Yes

No single, unified central/federal govern-ment strategy/policy exists. However, indi-vidual line ministries/agencies have a sep-arate strategiesy/policies in place

No OGD policies/strategies strategies or policies currently in place in central/federal government

Open Data Strategy: Government Objectives

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Chart Title

Perc

enta

ge o

f re

spondin

g c

ountr

ies

Source: Government at A Glance 2013 (forthcoming)

Open Data Strategy: Government Objectives

f. Create economic value for the public sector

i. Facilitate citizens' participation in public debate

j. Enable citizens' engagement in decision-making processes

c. Improve public sector performance by strengthening accountability

e. Enable service delivery from private sector through data re-use

d. Improve internal operations and collaboration

h. Facilitate creation of new businesses

b. Increase openness

g. Create economic value for the private sector

a. Increase transparency

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

% OECD

Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)

Creating the right ecosystem: consulting the stakeholders

a. Y

es w

ith ci

tizen

s

b. Y

es w

ith ci

vil soc

iety

org

anisat

ions

c. Yes

with

firm

s an

d th

eir a

ssoc

iatio

ns

d. Y

es w

ith ci

vil ser

vant

s

e. Y

es i

n co

oper

atio

n with

seve

ral l

ine

min

istrie

s

f. Yes

with

spec

ial i

nter

est r

epre

sent

ative

s/lob

bysis

t

g. N

o0%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%

Was the central/federal OGD strategy/policy developed in consultation with stakeholders?

Perc

enta

ge o

f re

spondent

countr

ies

Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)

Involving the users and knowing the demand

a. Y

es citi

zens

' inf

ormat

ion

need

s

b. Y

es, b

usin

esse

s' in

form

atio

n ne

eds

c. Y

es, o

ther

sta

keho

lder

s' n

eeds

(e.g

. non

-pro

fit org

anisat

ions

)

d. N

one

of th

e ab

ove

appl

ies

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%

Perc

enta

ge o

f re

spondent

countr

ies

Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)

Does your government regularly consult users on their needs and preferences of the type of data released?

Is OGD sustainable?

25%

56%

19%

Please indicate if the central government's OGD policy has its own line of financing

a. Government has identified funding to finance development of selected high priority OGD initiativesb. Government has identified no addi-tional sources of potential funding for open data initiativesc. Other, please specify.

Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)

Principal Challenges for Further Development of OGD Initiatives

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Perc

enta

ge o

f re

spondin

g c

ountr

ies

Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)

OECD OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA REVIEWS

• Review national context • Spot main challenges and

opportunities• Advise on strategies and

implementation• Help building capacities for value

creation and impact assessment

NEXT STEPS IN THE ANALYSIS

• Understanding the impact of OGD on social innovation, service innovation and public value creation

• Tackling pending issues:• Balancing the strive for openness with privacy and security

• Resolving legal conflicts

• Harmonising definitions

• Acquiring adequate skills and capabilities in the public sector

• Avoiding new divides and focus on OGD for participatory governance

• Improving understanding of context and data demand

Further analytical work to focus on…

• Access the Working Paper at: www.oecd.org/gov/egov

• Send your comments on the Working Paper to : [email protected]

Thank you!

An open process