Michael Braungart - CRADLE TO CRADLE design - An innovative tool

CRADLE TO CRADLE® Design – An Innovative Tool

Prof. Dr. Michael Braungart Rome, ItalySeptember 30th, 2010

SUSTAINABILITY INTERNATIONALFORUM

CRADLE TO GRAVE DESIGN PARADIGM

ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTERS

CRADLE TO GRAVE DESIGN PARADIGM

- AS IF WE NEEDED A NEW CHALLENGE

GULF OF MEXICO 2010

PRECIOUS SLAG FROM WASTE INCINERATION

• Incineration slag contains 13,000 tonnes/a of copper (average Germany)• It is worth of $ 100 million per year (Price rate 2009)

Without soil, there is no food!

We have to replace nutrients and carbon in the topsoil!

NEGATIVE IMPACTS FROM COFFEE PRODUCTION

Deforestation Soil Degradation

Pesticide Use Degradation of Water Quality

Loss of Biodiversity

LOSS OF TOPSOIL

We lose 4000 – 6000 times more topsoil than we rebuild

OFF-GASING-CHROMATGRAM: CARPET synthetic fiber

OFF-GASING-CHROMATGRAM: CARPET natural fibre

EMISSIONS

GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY?

OFF GASSING: COMPUTER MOUSE

TONER DUST AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY

COST OF POOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY

. Over 40% of children have allergies.

Several decades ago, only 2 – 3% did

• Every third person in the western world has allergy problems.

• Allergies cost the U.S. health care system $18 billion annually

Source: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

SOLUTION: design materials and products for indoor use

ARE WE TOO MANY?

“No goal is more crucial to

healing the global environment

than stabilizing human

population.”

Al Gore

ARE WE TOO MANY?

ARE THEY TOO MANY ?

THE BIOMASS OF ANTS IS FOUR TIMES GREATER THAN THAT OF HUMANS

Priority Criteria• Carcinogenicity*• Disruption of Endocrine

System*• Mutagenicity*• Reproductive Toxicity*• Teratogenicity*

Additional Criteria• Acute Toxicity• Chronic Toxicity• Irritation of Skin/Mucous

Membranes• Sensitization• Other (e.g., skin

penetration potential, flammability, etc.)

* Known or suspected in humans and/or animals

Human Health

Criteria

• Aquatic toxicity– Fish toxicity– Daphnia toxicity– Algae toxicity

• Bioaccumulation (BCF, log Kow)• Climatic Relevance/Ozone Depletion Potential• Content of Halogenated Organic Compounds • Persistence/Biodegradation• Toxic Heavy Metal Content• Other (e.g., Water Danger Score, Toxicity to Soil

Organisms, etc.)

Environmental Health Criteria

© MBDC. All rights reserved.

Production Process

• Exact Knowledge of Composition

• Resources (Renewable/Nonrenewable)

• Transport Distance

• Energy Input

• Social Criteria

• Genetic Engineering

• Danger of Intermediates/By-Products

• Animal Testing

• Wastes

• Climatic Relevance/Ozone Depletion

Input Total Score Health Hazards

Material S AT IRR CT DES T C M DIS A CF

Material 1 78.36 A C A A A A A A C A

Material 2 88.50 A B A A A A A A B A

Dye 1 58.36 A A B C A A A C C A

Dye 2 58.36 A A C C A A A C C A

Dye 3 58.36 A A C C A A A C C A

Dye 4 58.36 A A C C A A A C C A

Dye 5 58.70 A A C C A A A C A A

Dye 6 58.36 A A C C A A A C C A

Dye 7 58.36 A A C C A A A C C A

Dye 8 58.36 A A C C A A A C C A

Sample Materials Assessment Matrix

© MBDC. All rights reserved.

CRADLE TO GRAVE : TARGET IS ZERO

REDUCTION,AVOIDANCE, MINIMIZATION,PREVENTION.

ECO-EFFICIENCY

ECO-EFFECTIVENESS

CRADLE TO CRADLE® : GOAL IS QUALITY

ECO-EFFICIENCY

DEFINE,INCREASE,SUPPORT, OPTIMIZE

ECO-EFFECTIVENESS

WHERE CLIENTS AND SUPPLIERSREGARD THEMSELVES AS PARTNERS, AIMING FOR THE HIGHEST QUALITIES

PROGRESS OF QUALITY FROM CRADLE TO CRADLE® WITH TIME

OPTIMAL

OPTIMIZING

TOLERABLE

NOT ACCEPTABLE

NOT

CHARACTERIZED

IDENTIFY THE BEST: ABC-X CATEGORIZATION

CRADLE TO CRADLECRADLE TO CRADLE ®

ARCHITECTURE AND CRADLE TO CRADLE®

THE TERMITE WORLD BUILDINGS

"The greenest house is the one that never

gets built.“

— Whit Faulconer, GreenBlue

?

BEYOND THE LIMITS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE

Eco-effective architecture

• Rematerialization

– Technical and biological cycles

– Integrated with nature‘s nutrient and energy

cycles

• Material chemistry

– Positively defined material chemistry

– e.g. Climatex and BASF carpet fiber

Adam J oseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies I Oberlin College, OH

BUILDINGS LIKE TREES

CITIES LIKE FORESTS

BUILDINGS LIKE TREES

WILLIAM MCDONOUGH: HOUSES LIKE TREES, CITIES LIKE FORESTS

FORD ROUGE CENTER

ADAM JOSEPH SMITH CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES OBERLIN, OH

FORD RIVER ROUGE LIVING ROOF DESIGN

XEROFLOR: „RAISED FLORA“

ECO-EFFECTIVE ARCHITECTURE

• More Impact– More habitat– More clean water– More fresh air– More pleasure– More beauty– More biological diversity– More fun

• Intelligent Workplace– Responds to outdoor and

indoor conditions

HERMAN MILLER “GREEN HOUSE” FACTORY

ACTIVE HOUSE ARCTITEKTUR

Bionorica: Building like a tree

Building: BIONORICA NEUMARKT

SCHÜCO

KEEPINGMATERIALSWHILESELLING THE USE OF SERVICES

Quelle: HeidelbergCementNitrate monoxide from the surrounding air is being transformed into Nitrate (NO3¯) which is then being washed down by rain and serves as nutrients to the soil

AIR POLLUTANTS CAPTURE VIA CONCRETE: TioChem

Mosses for uptake and conversion of fine particulates

Source: Prof. Frahm – Uni Bonn

OIA INSTITUTO AMBIENTAL LATIN AMERICA

• Soil recovery

• Nutrient recycling

• Energy from Biomass

• Social justice

• Economic profitability

www.oia.org.br/new/

BIOMASS NUTRIENT RECYCLING: SEWAGE TREATMENT

PHOSPHATE RECOVERY

CRADLE TO CRADLE®: DOING THE RIGHT THINGS!

DOING THE RIGHT THINGS

DOING THINGS RIGHT

CRADLE TO CRADLE® DESIGN PARADIGM

• WASTE EQUALS FOOD(NUTRIENTS ARE NUTRIENTS)

• USE CURRENT SOLAR INCOME

• CELEBRATE DIVERSITY

TRIPLE TOP LINE

Biological Metabolism

Technical Metabolism

BiologicalNutrient

CLIMATEX® LIFECYCLE™ : BIOLOGICAL NUTRIENT

FABRIC PRODUCTION FABRIC SALE AND USE DISPOSAL AND TRIMMINGS

MULCH AND COMPOSTRESOURCE GROWTH

Handelsblatt, 16. Juni 2005

KLM - COMPOSTABLE AIRPLANE SEAT PROTOTYPE

TRIGEMA BIODEGRADABLE T-SHIRT

NEW DIMENSIONS OF QUALITY FOR APPAREL GOODS- User’s Health - Safe for the Environment

MANUFACTURE BIODEGRADE

COMPOST

COTTON

RECOLLECTION

ALGAE BIOPOLYMER

BIOPLASTICS

BREAK DOWN

IN SALT WATER

Technical Nutrient

DESSO: CRADLE TO CRADLE® FLOOR COVER

CEO of Desso

With Cradle to Cradle, Desso is in it for the long haul. It’s a challenging task which will involve the creation of entirely new products and technologies.

But it’s a task we’re proud to undertake, for the betterment of our products, our brand, the people and our planet.

Stef Kranendijk, Desso CEO

TAKE BACK AND RECYCLING

TAKE BACK AND RECYCLING

Separate the carpet

Into the main components for further use

Material used for cement industry

Secondary fuel

Raw material

Alternative outlets

Yarn for the production of new yarn

Backing material into new backing

TECHNICAL NUTRIENT

32 seconds

RETURNITY: THE FABRIC OF MANY LIVES

TECHNICAL NUTRIENTS - PHILIPS

www.philips.nl

COPPER MATERIAL CYCLES

Exploration

Mining

Concentration

Cu-production

Product manufacturing

Use

Collection of used products

Dismantling

Sorting

INTELLIGENT MATERIALS POOLING: MATERIAL FLOWS

Producer of Chemicals „Filler“, Retailer

Organisations

Quality Community

Producer

WHO CAN CONTRIBUTE TO SOLUTIONS?

Logistics

Recycler

WINDMILLS ON TRANSMISSION TOWERS

SOLAR PANELS: HARVESTING THE SUN

Efficiency up to 40%

Silicone Doping

Cadmium telluride

EXAMPLE OF A CRADLE TO CRADLE® PLATFORM

BENEFICIAL ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT

EPEA INTERNATIONALE UMWELTFORSCHUNG GMBHTROSTBRÜCKE 4D-20457 HAMBURGGERMANYT. +49 40 43 13 49 0F. +49 40 43 13 49 49www.epea.com

Michael Braungartbraungart@epea.com