Transcript
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The Key to Resonant RelationshipsBy: Nicole Stone, Michael Rebello, Chris Gagnon, Matilda
Okyere, Thomas Gammell, & Adam Burley
+How Do Humans Communicate?
“Humans use language, not just to signal emotional states or territorial claims, but to
shape each other’s minds.”
- Michael Corballis
Communication: the act of conveying a message from one person or group to another person or
group.
+How Humans Communicate
Verbal and sign language
Written language
Denotation & connotation
Body language
+CONNOTATION
Refers to the associations, feelings, and judgments that accompany words.
Why is it important to understand connotation? -Communication extends beyond simple definitions to include personal,
(Social & cultural aspects that cannot be found in dictionary definitions.)
+NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
Any gesture, expression, physical action, vocal intonation, pitch, or volume that
Communicates a message either intentionally or unintentionally.
Learning how to decode others’ nonverbal behavior and manage your own might be
Learning to manage your own nonverbal signals involves emotional self-awareness
Self-management, two other important competencies for leaders.
The most important communication
skills you can learn.
+BODY LANGUAGE
We respond to people’s body language with nonverbal feedback of our own.
[ or any other physical gesture that can convey meaning.]
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Good communicators use all aspects of LANGUAGE well,
including verbal and/or sign as well as
nonverbal.
+10 Examples of Body Language. Which do you use?
Gesture Meaning (Connotation)
Standing with hands on hips Readiness, aggression
Brisk, erect walk Confidence
Sitting, legs apart Open, relaxed
Arms crossed on chest Defensiveness
Walking with hands in pockets, shoulders hunched
Dejection
Touching, slightly rubbing nose Rejection, doubt, lying
Rubbing the eye Doubt, disbelief
Sitting with legs crossed, foot kicking slightly
Boredom
Tapping or drumming fingers Impatience
Stroking chin Trying to make a decision
+Why is Communication Central to Effective Relationships at work? Success at Work
Ability to Share Information Ability to Influence Others
+Why Is Communication Central to Effective Relationships at Work? Good Leaders and Successful Employees
Know What They Communicate Know How They Share Information
Resonant relationships are vibrant and supportive
relationships that foster respect, inclusion, and
open and honest dialogue.
+Importance of what and how we communicate
Back up words through action
Actions speak LOUDER than words
Success in part, depends on our ability to speak and act accordingly
+What is the interpersonal communication process?
The exchange of information between two or more people. The communication process
has four parts:
-Sender
-Message
-Receiver
-Channel
Feedback receiver indicates to the sender through words or nonverbal signals that a message has been received, or that more communication is desired.
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Sender: A person who encodes and sends a message.
Message: Information sent through a communication channel to a receiver.
Receiver: A person who receives and decodes a message.
Channel: The medium through which a message is transmitted from a sender to a receiver.
What Is the Interpersonal Communication Process?
Communication Affected by Skills, Attitudes, Culture…
The Berlo Model of Communication
4–16
What Is the Interpersonal Communication Process?
Effective and Efficient Communication
4–17
Communication
Channel
+Effective and Efficient Communication
Effective Communication: The result of information conveyed accurately by the sender and understood fully by the receiver.
Efficient Communication: Sharing information using the fewest possible resources. (time, money, and effort)
+Communication and Culture
Many aspects of culture affect communication in
diverse workforce. Of these, nonverbal
communication, group identity and issues related
to gender and age are especially important.
+Nonverbal behavior in cross-
cultural communication
A failure to recognize differences in nonverbal signal in cross-cultural
communication can produce unfortunate misunderstanding.
Nonverbal behavior has obvious links to culture and needs to be attended
to and managed in cross-cultural settings.
+Communication in high-context
and low-context cultures
High-context culture has a strong group identity and a relatively closed
boundary. Difficult for outsiders to understand.
In a Low-context culture, it is easier for outsiders to communicate with
insiders because there is less emphasis on shared history and
identity.
+Way in which men and woman communicate differently
Distinct sets of values and intentions.
Men - assert independence
Men - use communication to define their status relative to others
Women - tend to seek connections
+Communication and the age factor
Like other cultural barriers, differences related to age and
membership in different generations has the potential to interfere with communication in the workplace.
A young worker who assumes that an older worker is unwilling to listen
to her ideas is as guilty to stereotyping as the older worker who believes that all young people have
a sense of entitlement.
+“An amazing 845
million people used Facebook in 2011: That’s about one in
every 13 people in the WORLD!”
+EMAIL,TEXT MESSAGING, & SOCIAL MEDIA
Quick and Long distance
Benefits = Obvious Share ideas Provide Feedback thus building on ideas Workplace – email is king.
Real-time Updates & Continuous
More accessible to us than ever before.
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Some experts fear that these outlets do not
encourage us to develop deep bonds with others or
allow us to show our authentic selves.
+Challenges of Email, Text Message, Social Media Use:
Interpretation
Long emails - society has become lazy in the idea of “reading” this long email. Vital information not read
Response time – Inaccurate conclusions
Email = Lazy communicators “Forward” or “cc”
Privacy issues Employers or other authorities
+PRIVACY
Encourage to be more public & open
Things that are posted remain available indefinitely
Google*
+Self Esteem
Comparing themselves to peers on facebook and twitter
Social media stalking your ex.
= unhealthy
+Cyber-bullying
Available to predators as well as friends. Cat Fish
Devastation mentally
“According to a 2010 CBS News report, 42% of youth have reported that they have been victims
of cyber-bullying .”
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New communication technologies have made
social interactions impersonal and that people are not developing face-to-face communication skills.
True/False?
+Checklist for effective
communication Be sure you know what message you want to send.
Be clear and concise. Avoid ambiguity Provide the right amount of information - not to much and not too
little. Ask questions and listen to feedback to ensure the message was
received.
Determine the most appropriate channel for your message. Lean vs. Rich Company letter, email, presentations, small groups, 1-on-1’s
Simplify your language to match your audience. Use situationally appropriate vocabulary
Remember, Jargon can hurt or help communication. Is efficient means of communication if every person is savvy to the
acronyms and abbreviations Can be detrimental if outsiders aren't familiar to the jargon.
+ Checklist for effective communication Cont. Create a level of trust that makes people feel
comfortable passing bad news up and down the hierarchy.
Authentic leaders inspire trust Without trust, people tend to be more secretive and look out for
themselves opposed to the good of the group. Defensive and uncooperative
Be careful about poor or inadvertent use of inappropriate nonverbal signals - Body language makes up 98% of the conversation
Pointing your index finger – gives off an authoritarian posture and can put the opposition in a defensive position
Clenched fist – displays anger and is meant to intimidate Lack of eye contact – ignoring or an attempt to disengage. Crossing your arms – sign of boredom and defense
Practice empathy when communicating. Tuning into others capability to appreciate, understand, and accept another person's
emotions.
+Know when to break the rules
Language philosopher H. Paul Grice developed 4 general rules for effective communication:
Quality: honest information
Quantity: the right amount of information
Relevance: the right KIND of information
Manner: Information that is direct and easy to understand. Avoid ambiguity or vagueness.
+There a numerous theories and
approaches to leadership:
Theories of motivation Trait theories Empowerment theories Social and emotional competencies
They ALL assume that the leaders and subordinates alike are able to communicate in an effective and efficient manner.
WHAT DO ALL THESE THEORIES HAVE IN COMMON?
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