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R A N E S
R A N E S
SUBMITTED BY:
MOMINA GHAYAS
PALAK RANPURA
SAMEER KAMAL
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
A crane is a Tower or derrickequipped with cables andpulleys that is used to liftand lower materials
Cranes are commonly used inthe construction industry andin manufacturin! hea"yequipment
Constructioncranes areusually temporary structures#either $%ed to the !round ormounted on a purpose&built"ehicle
Cranes may either becontrolled from an operatorin a cab that tra"els with thecrane
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CRAN' (ART)CRAN' (ART)
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T*(') O+ CRAN')T*(') O+ CRAN')
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D'+INITION)D'+INITION) Crane , Consists of a rotatin! structure for liftin! and
lowerin! hori-ontally on rubber tires or crawler treads
.oist & Used to lift and lower load
/oom , An inclined spar# strut# or other lon! membersupportin! the hoistin! tackle
/oom stops , A de"ice used to limit the an!le of the boom atits hi!hest position
/rake , To slow or stop motion by friction or power
/lock , )hea"es or !roo"ed pulleys in a frame with hook# eyeand strap
0ib , '%tension attached to the boom point to pro"ide addedboom len!th for liftin! speci$ed loads
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CRANE SIGNALSCRANE SIGNALS
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CRANE SIGNALSCRANE SIGNALS
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CRANE SIGNALSCRANE SIGNALS
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CRANE INSPECTIONCRANE INSPECTION
GUIDELINESGUIDELINES
(reinspection Crane )et up 'lectrical .a-ards 1oad Charts )afe operatin! precautions Inspection Types )tartin! the inspection )peci$c inspection Items and references
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(1ANNIN2 /'+OR' )TART&U((1ANNIN2 /'+OR' )TART&U(
1e"el the crane and ensure support surface is $rm and able tosupport the load
Contact power line owners and determine precautions 3nowthe location and "olta!e of o"erhead power lines
3now the basic crane capacities# limitations# and 4ob siterestrictions# such as the location of power lines# unstable soil#or hi!h winds
5ake other personnel aware of hoistin! acti"ities
/arricade areas within swin! radius
'nsure proper maintenance and inspections
Determine safe areas to store materials and place machinery
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3now the 6ei!ht of the 1oad3now the 6ei!ht of the 1oad
Refer to shippin! ticket or other documentation
'nsure lift calculations are correct
'nsure load is within load chart ratin! for boomlen!th and load radius of crane
Crane is rated by the ma%imum wei!ht it will liftat a minimum radius and minimum boom len!th ,the further from its centerpoint# the less it willlift
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1oad 1imitin! +actors1oad 1imitin! +actors Not le"el
6ind
)ide loads
On its wheels
1iftin! o"er the side
Use of e%tensions# 4ibs and other attachments 1imits of wire rope# slin!s and liftin! de"ices
Mobile Cranes Li!in" Prin#i$les
Center of 2ra"ity
1e"era!e)tability
)tructural Inte!rity
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CAU)') O+ ACCID'NT) 6IT.CAU)') O+ ACCID'NT) 6IT.
CRAN')CRAN')
Instability, unsecured load# load capacity e%ceeded# or!round not le"el or too soft
Lack of communication& the point of operation is a
distance from the crane operator or not in full "iew ofthe operator
Lack of training
Inadequate maintenance or inspection
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Improper loadratin!
'%cessi"e speedsNo hand si!nals
Inadequateinspection andmaintenance
Un!uarded partsUn!uarded swin!
radius
Crane .a-ards
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CRAN' .A7ARD)CRAN' .A7ARD)
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)afety measures
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Ri!!in! 'quipment )lin!s
Types of slin!s include alloy steel chain# wire rope# metalmesh# natural or synthetic $ber rope# and synthetic web
Chain 6ire rope 5etal mesh )ynthetic
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)ummary on crane safety
An unstable load# lack of communication#lack of trainin!# and inadequate
maintenance or inspection are ma4orcontributors to crane accidents
Operators or others workin! in the area canbe "ictims to 8struck by9 and 9cau!ht in9in4uries
Contact with power lines causes manyaccidents
A competent person must inspect a cranere!ularly to insure it is in proper order
(lannin! and trainin! reduces accidents