Workshop Cranes

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R A N E S

R A N E S

SUBMITTED BY:

MOMINA GHAYAS

PALAK RANPURA

SAMEER KAMAL


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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

A crane is a Tower or derrickequipped with cables andpulleys that is used to liftand lower materials

Cranes are commonly used inthe construction industry andin manufacturin! hea"yequipment

Constructioncranes areusually temporary structures#either $%ed to the !round ormounted on a purpose&built"ehicle

Cranes may either becontrolled from an operatorin a cab that tra"els with thecrane


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CRAN' (ART)CRAN' (ART)


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T*(') O+ CRAN')T*(') O+ CRAN')


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D'+INITION)D'+INITION) Crane , Consists of a rotatin! structure for liftin! and

lowerin! hori-ontally on rubber tires or crawler treads

.oist & Used to lift and lower load

/oom , An inclined spar# strut# or other lon! membersupportin! the hoistin! tackle

/oom stops , A de"ice used to limit the an!le of the boom atits hi!hest position

/rake , To slow or stop motion by friction or power

/lock , )hea"es or !roo"ed pulleys in a frame with hook# eyeand strap

0ib , '%tension attached to the boom point to pro"ide addedboom len!th for liftin! speci$ed loads


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CRANE SIGNALSCRANE SIGNALS


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CRANE INSPECTIONCRANE INSPECTION

GUIDELINESGUIDELINES

(reinspection Crane )et up 'lectrical .a-ards 1oad Charts )afe operatin! precautions Inspection Types )tartin! the inspection )peci$c inspection Items and references


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(1ANNIN2 /'+OR' )TART&U((1ANNIN2 /'+OR' )TART&U(

1e"el the crane and ensure support surface is $rm and able tosupport the load

Contact power line owners and determine precautions 3nowthe location and "olta!e of o"erhead power lines

3now the basic crane capacities# limitations# and 4ob siterestrictions# such as the location of power lines# unstable soil#or hi!h winds

5ake other personnel aware of hoistin! acti"ities

/arricade areas within swin! radius

'nsure proper maintenance and inspections

Determine safe areas to store materials and place machinery


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3now the 6ei!ht of the 1oad3now the 6ei!ht of the 1oad

Refer to shippin! ticket or other documentation

'nsure lift calculations are correct

'nsure load is within load chart ratin! for boomlen!th and load radius of crane

Crane is rated by the ma%imum wei!ht it will liftat a minimum radius and minimum boom len!th ,the further from its centerpoint# the less it willlift


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1oad 1imitin! +actors1oad 1imitin! +actors Not le"el

6ind

)ide loads

On its wheels

1iftin! o"er the side

Use of e%tensions# 4ibs and other attachments 1imits of wire rope# slin!s and liftin! de"ices

Mobile Cranes Li!in" Prin#i$les

Center of 2ra"ity

1e"era!e)tability

)tructural Inte!rity


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CAU)') O+ ACCID'NT) 6IT.CAU)') O+ ACCID'NT) 6IT.

CRAN')CRAN')

Instability, unsecured load# load capacity e%ceeded# or!round not le"el or too soft

Lack of communication& the point of operation is a

distance from the crane operator or not in full "iew ofthe operator

Lack of training

Inadequate maintenance or inspection


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Improper loadratin!

'%cessi"e speedsNo hand si!nals

Inadequateinspection andmaintenance

Un!uarded partsUn!uarded swin!

radius

Crane .a-ards


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CRAN' .A7ARD)CRAN' .A7ARD)


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)afety measures


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Ri!!in! 'quipment )lin!s

Types of slin!s include alloy steel chain# wire rope# metalmesh# natural or synthetic $ber rope# and synthetic web

Chain 6ire rope 5etal mesh )ynthetic


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)ummary on crane safety

An unstable load# lack of communication#lack of trainin!# and inadequate

maintenance or inspection are ma4orcontributors to crane accidents

Operators or others workin! in the area canbe "ictims to 8struck by9 and 9cau!ht in9in4uries

Contact with power lines causes manyaccidents

A competent person must inspect a cranere!ularly to insure it is in proper order

(lannin! and trainin! reduces accidents

Workshop Cranes

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