Where Are Agricultural Regions in LDCs?
C10K2
Objectives
• Shifting Cultivation• Pastoral Nomadism• Intensive Subsistence Agriculture• Plantation Farming
Shifting Cultivation?
• Where? Practiced in Humid Low-Latitude (high temps & abundant rainfall) South America, Central/West Africa, & SE Asia
• Characteristics: lash & burn agriculture or notching & swidden (small villages)
• 3 yr life span• Crops: rice, maize, cassava,
millet, sorghum, yams, sugarcane, plantain
Ownership of Land in Shifting
• Who? Owned by the villages/ villagers designated patches of land.
• Future of Shifting Cultivation: tropics are be deforested to make way for logging, ranching, & cash crops.
• Critics: 1) commercial farming causes irreversible damage 2) global warming 3) upsets traditional cultures
Pastoral Nomadism
• What? Is a form of subsistence agriculture based on the herding of domesticated animals
• Where? Dry climates that lack agriculture, SW Asia, N. Africa
• Uses? Provide milk, skins/ hair for clothing and tents
• Economics: size of their herd measurements of wealth and prestige, trade with subsistence farmers for grain, vegetables, fruits.
Migration & the Future of Pastoralist
• Territorial and based on access to water. transhumance: seasonal migration btw mountains & lowland pastures
• Future: declining form of agriculture bc of secondary role of traders is less prominent.
• Conflict: Governments want their lands.
Intensive Subsistence Agriculture
• Where? In densely pop. Areas, farmers must work intensively to subsist on a parcel of land
• Inheritance & Space? Ratio of farmers to the land is high
• wet rice dominates: small % of land but large yields.
How is Rice Made?
How Rice is Grown
Other Rice Terms• Sawah/ paddy: field where
rice is grown• Husks or chaff is where the
rice seedlings are• Threshing: process of of
separating the heavier chaff from seedling.
• Winnowed is the remaining chaff being removed
• Hull is a rice’s outer covering• Double cropping: 2 crops in
one year
Intensive Subsistence:other than Rice
• Crops? Wheat, barley, corn, oats, sorghum, soybeans, cotton, hemp, tobacco
• Where? Dry colder climates (India’s interior & Northeast China
• Crop rotation to prevent exhaustion of soil
• Pros/Cons of communal vs privatization
Plantation Farming
• Where? Topics & subtropics of LDCs but owned & operated by MDCs
• Purpose? Commercial use: cotton, sugarcane, coffee, rubber, tobacco, fruits and vegetables.
• Labor? Imported workers• Economy of the South
prior to Civil War