AN INTRODUCTION TO USER CENTRED DESIGNAnd The Connected Home
DANNY BLUESTONE @danny_bluestone
ANDREW PAIRMAN @andrewpairman
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN
PART 01
Introduction
What is UCD
Why connected devices
Design heuristics
Bringing UCD to the IoT world
The connected dishwasher
1 HOUR
PART 02
Evaluation model
Stakeholder interviews
Personas
Prototype
Testing
Summary
BREAK
30 MINS 1.5 HOURS
The central premise of user centred design is that the best designed products and services result from understanding the needs of the people who will use them.
“
QUALITATIVE - Find out what customers actually want.
CONTEXT – Discover the exact context to design for.
CREATIVITY – Combine UCD with branding.
FOCUS - Avoid ‘analysis paralysis’ and data numbness.
REMOVE EGOS – Verify decisions with real customers.
TIMOTHY PRESTRO, CEO of DMTDESIGN FOR PEOPLE, NOT AWARDS
http://designthatmatters.org/portfolio/projects/
DESIGN FOR OUTCOMES
www.ted.com/talks/timothy_prestero_design_for_people_not_awards.html and http://www.designthatmatters.org/pictures/dtm_blog/Baby_in_Firefly.JPG
http://www.flickr.com/photos/simonw92/8534697674/
“If the engineers could, they'd give you 40 buttons, but when you're driving it's not that easy to use them all, so it's better to have the ones you really need. The key thing is to make it simpler without getting rid of stuff that I might need to make the car go quicker. Lewis Hamilton
“ If I had asked people what they wanted, they would have said faster horses.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/centralasian/5577775866/
Henry Ford
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a scenario in which objects, animals or people are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/Internet-‐of-‐Things
There are more than 10 billion wirelessly connected devices in the market today; with over 30 billion devices expected by 2020. ABI RESEARCH
https://www.abiresearch.com/press/more-‐than-‐30-‐billion-‐devices-‐will-‐wirelessly-‐conne/
THE MORE CHOICES YOU HAVE TO CHOOSE FROM, THE LONGER IT TAKES FOR YOU TO MAKE A DECISION.
http://www.cirencalui.com/
HICKS LAW
EVALUATIVE - Research to challenge the hypothesis, business case and tech.
STAKEHOLDERS - During the process identify, embrace and involve them.
PERSONAS - Understand user intent, filter it and verify your assumptions.
PROTOTYPING - Create wireframes, prototypes and specifications.
TESTING - Throughout the above, iterate the product.
UCD IS NOT THE HOLY GRAIL
LIKE ANY METHODOLOGY, UCD SHOULD BE INCORPORATED INTO WIDER ORGANISATIONAL
FUNCTIONS
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
UCD
1. MARKET DEMAND 3. USER VALUE2. PRODUCT EDUCATION
4. TECHNOLOGY
UCD IN A WIDER CONTEXT
5. COMMERCIAL ROI
AGILE PRODUCTION
PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION
EXECUTION / QUALITY CONTROL
BRAND STRATEGY
GROWTH MARKETING
BERG’S APPROACH1. Evaluative
Do you think their hypothesis is correct, is the technology ready for this?
2. Personas Is the context right for the approached personas. What are your views?
3. Stakeholders What are your views on how they involved stakeholders?
4. Prototyping What do you think of their approach to prototyping the machine?
5. Testing Let us know how you feel you would test such a product
YOUR FICTIONAL PROJECT Design an app to control a smart dishwasher
THE BRIEF Whirlpool allocated a budget to produce a new smart dishwasher. The dishwasher connects to an app to provide a new way to interact with their machine. Whirlpool want you to design a smartphone app that can give the user information about the machine as well as controlling it. The app should do the following:
1. Set a wash program 2. Let the user know if the machine is running or not 3. How much power is being used 4.Salt levels and liquid levels 5. When maintenance is required 6.Connect the app to the machine
AN INTRODUCTIONTO OUR APPROACH
1. Evaluative - Firstly we will challenge the hypothesis of the brief.
2. Stakeholders - We will explore who the stakeholders are.
3. Personas - Lets set the scene for the personas and our methodology.
4. Prototyping - We will then prototype some concepts for the interface.
5. Testing - Our final task will be to ‘test’ what we designed today!
THE LEAN CANVAS
http://kevindewalt.com/2013/04/28/how-‐a-‐1-‐page-‐business-‐model-‐will-‐and-‐wont-‐help-‐your-‐lean-‐startup/
EVALUATIVE
1. Is our brief correct? Should the idea change slightly?
2. What problems will this app solve, if any?
3. How would a system API affect the design process (if at all)?
4. How does the above affect the technology we choose
5. How will the connected dishwasher connect into the wider connected home?
8 mins
https://www.boundless.com/accounting/textbooks/boundless-‐accounting-‐textbook/introduction-‐to-‐accounting-‐1/overview-‐of-‐key-‐elements-‐of-‐the-‐business-‐19/business-‐stakeholders-‐internal-‐and-‐external-‐117-‐6595/
1. UnderstandSMART and
personaobjectives
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
Understand SMART and Persona
objectives
Align mutual interests
Define their role and availability
Manage expectations
Identify project risk upfront
Gauge their interest and
influence
Understand the politics
1. Understand who the key decision makers are upfront
2. Set your goals for the interviews; vision, requirements, KPIs
3. Stay flexible and be open to group interviews
4. Run regular show and tell presentations with them
STAKEHOLDERS
1. List the manufacturer’s internal stakeholders
2. Who are the external stakeholders (non-personas)
3. What type of questions would you ask them?
STAKEHOLDERS 6 mins
1. Create archetypical personas that focus on common intent
2. Get stakeholders to verify your persona assumptions
3. Consider their technology abilities and accessibility issues
PERSONA TIPS
1. Research their mental model and affordances
2. Find out how you can relieve any concerns
3. Prioritise personas based on business goals
4. Validate personas by engaging with them
PERSONA TIPS
Please create two persona cards for one of the groups below:
1. People that would use such a dishwasher
2. People that would not use such a dishwasher
3. Employee personas that would be required
Please list the following for one of the groups
1. Intent and motivations for the groups to use the app.
2. How would they use the dishwasher in a wider context?
Then challenge our axis model
PERSONAS 8 mins
1. Card sorting, or feature cards help to articulate the usage
2. Flows of control help to visualise interaction sequences
3. User stories also help to build up ideas for screen design
4. Bring the persona usage into these models
5. Humanise your prototype to get better responses
6. Often content strategies are also required
PROTOTYPING TIPS
Task Frequency Difficulty Importance / priority
Alternatives Type activity Notes
e.g. Connect to wifi Infrequent 5/10 7/10 Not use the app, over-‐ride interface
on-‐boarding
TASK TABLE
1. Please populate the task table and do the following:
• Rate the difficulty of each task and how it can be simplified
• Specify how frequently users will perform the tasks.
• Prioritise them based on critical to non-critical.
2. Please draw a comic story showing the 3 most common usages
including the trigger, action and ‘reward’ for each
PROTOTYPING - 01 15 mins
http://wc1.smartdraw.com/examples/content/examples/01_flowcharts/4_other_flowcharts/control_flow_epc_diagram_flowchart_l.jpg
1. Please create a logical flow of usage based on the key activities(Consider on boarding as part of that)
PROTOTYPING - 02 8 mins
1. Review the screens as a group
2. Critique the screens against the user stories
3. Start with low fidelity
PROTOTYPING TIPS
Please wireframe the following:
1. Home screen
2. On-boarding key screen (first time user)
3. Menu for repeat user
4. Other key screens or modes you choose
PROTOTYPING - 03 18 mins
https://dribbble.com/shots/1083847-‐Flat-‐UI-‐Kit-‐Free-‐PSD
Visual language:
1. Please design a visual language based on the kits provided
(stick them on the paper)
2. Once that is done, please stick them onto the previous screens
you created
PROTOTYPING - 04 6 mins
1. Getting the right users is imperative but so are expert reviews
2. You can recruit users from a CRM or use professional recruiters and via
guerrilla tactics
3. Contextual enquiries and eye tracking are popular types of usability testing
4. Other testing includes remote analytics, surveys and AB/MVT testing
5. Ethnography allows for even more granular monitoring of user behaviour
TESTING TIPS
http://uxmag.com/articles/eye-‐tracking-‐the-‐best-‐way-‐to-‐test-‐rich-‐app-‐usability
COGNITIVE DISRUPTIONS
Each group should nominate a leader and take their screen designs
to another group with a notepad. The leader should explain the
rationale to each ’user’ while the others are silent. The leader should
get someone in their group to help with note taking. In summary:
1. Take one to two users through your screens
2. Then get back to your original group and present your findings
TESTING 10 mins
1. UCD theories and design principles and how they adapt to the world of IoT
2. An understanding of how to engage with the various stakeholders
3. The concept of designing ‘systems’ before ‘destinations’
WHAT WE COVERED