The International Charter for Space and Major Disasters
André HUSSON CNES : DSP / OT
CNES representative to the Board of International Charter for Space and Major Disasters
International CharterInternational CharterSpace and Major DisastersSpace and Major Disasters
Summary
• Background and purpose
• Organisation and actors
• Type of activations and examples
• Lessons learnt and future
Context of the Charter
The Charter was initiated by CNES/ESA at the occasion of the UNISPACE III Conference in Vienna (July 1999) on the following basis :
• Potential key contribution of space systems in case of major disasters
• Necessity of a strong international cooperation among space agencies and space system operators to match the needs
Purpose of the Charter
The Charter is an international cooperation between space agencies, making their resources available to emergency and rescue operations.
Its objectives are :
• To support, by means of space assets and the associated information and services, the organization of emergency assistance or subsequent operations
• To provide a unified and co-ordinated system of space data acquisition and data delivery to those affected by disasters
• To promote cooperation between space agencies and space system operators in the field of disaster management
• The Charter is open to – space agencies– space system operators
• The members participate – on a voluntary basis– with no exchange of funds
• The members endeavour to – make satellite resources (including acquisition planning)
available without delay during period of crisis, beyond the specific data policy restrictions of providers
– supply emergency organizations, essentially the national civil protection agencies, with a co-ordinated and free access to space systems and to resulting data and information (products).
Principles of the co-operation
Charter member agencies
CSACSACanadaCanada20002000
CNESCNESFranceFrance20002000
ESAESAEuropeEurope20002000
ISROISROIndiaIndia20012001
NOAA/USGSNOAA/USGSUSAUSA20012001
CONAEArgentina2003
JAXAJAXAJapanJapan20052005
CNSACNSAChinaChina20072007
BNSC BNSC UKUK20052005
Scope of the Charter
The Charter is in operation since November 2000
The charter: - addresses ‘only’ the response phase
- provides a unified system of space data acquisition and delivery
- services the entire world
Authorized
User (AU)
On-Duty Operator (ODO)
Emergency on-Call Officer
(ECO)CSA
ESA
CNES
RADARSAT-1
ERS-2 and ENVISAT
SPOT 2, 4 & 5
NOAA
ISRO
NOAA-12, 14, 15,16, 17, POES and GOES
IRS-1C,1D,P4,P6 Project Manager
(PM)
End User (EU) Value-Added Reseller (VAR)
Disaster
CONAE SAC-C
JAXA (ALOS)
Charter Operational Loop
ALSAT-1, Bilsat, NigeriaSat-1,UK-DMC
BNSC/DMC
CNSA
The Authorized Users (AU))
• They are the only Bodies authorised to request services: to obtain data and information on a disaster occurrence, on a single call, to request the mobilization of the space resources of the member agencies
• They usually represent:- the national Civil
Protection Authorities (CPA) of the partner agencies
-specialized UN agencies (UNOCHA, UNEP, UNDP…) granted with Co-operating Body status
• If not member of the Charter a bilateral agreement with these CPAs is needed
Project Manager (PM)
Emergency on-Call Officer (ECO)
On Duty Operator (ODO)
AU
Role of the ODO and ECO
A 24/7 on-duty operator receives the call, checks the identity of the requestor and verifies that the User Request form sent by the Authorized User is correctly filled up.
The operator passes the information to an Emergency On-Call Officer who analyzes the request and the scope of the disaster with the Authorized User, and prepares an archive and acquisition plan using available space resources.
Data acquisition and delivery takes place on an emergency basis.
Project Manager
(PM)
Emergency on-Call Officer (ECO)
On Duty Operator (ODO)
Role of the Project Manager (PM)
• PM is designated by the Executive Secretariat according to location, type of disaster and expertise
• PM is qualified in data ordering, handling and application
• PM ensures the data sent corresponds to what the user expects
• PM assists the user throughout the process.
• PM writes up a final operation report
Project Manager (PM)
Emergency on-Call Officer (ECO)
On Duty Operator (ODO)
Volcanic Eruption
Nyiragongo, Congo
FranceCaucassus, RussiaManitoba,
Canada
Austria 1&2
Czeck Republic 1&2Germany 1,2&3British Columbia, Canada
Etna, IT
Lena River, Russia
Earthquake
Oil Spill
Galapagos, Ecuador
El Salvador 1&2
Yucatan, MexicoGujarat, India
Northern FranceSaône, & Rhône France
Denmark
SloveniaLago Maggiore, IT
Nias Island, Indonesia
Gulf of Aden, Yemen
Lebanon 1&2
Galicia, Spain
Morocco
Central America
LandslideFlood/ocean waveStorm/hurricane
Stromboli, IT
Santa Fe, Argentina 1
Bingol, Turkey
Assam, India
Algeria 1&2
Soufrière, Montserrat
North Ossetia, Russia
Forest Fire
Portugal
Nepal
USA
Dominican Republic
Philippines 1&3
Bolivia
Nabire,Indonesia
Al Hoceïma, Morocco
Caprivi,Namibia
Hindu Kush, Afghanistan 1&2
Other
North Korea
Canary Islands, Spain
Hispaniola, Haiti
Tehran, Iran3
Patagonia, Argentina 2
Sudan 1&2
Georgetown, Guyana
Grenada Island
Bolivia 2
Gonaives, Haiti
Philippines 2&5
Guaranda Municipe, Colombia
Sweden
Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Cuddalore, India
Sri Lanka 1&2Galeras Volcano, Colombia
Rarotonga, Cook Islands
Iran 1,2&4
Ethiopia 1
Kenya 1&2
Romania 1,2&3
Bulgaria
British Columbia, Canada
ChinaIndia
Louisiana, USA
Florida, USA
Switzerland
Kashmir, PakistanKashmir, India
Comoros
English Channel 1&2
Hungary
Java, Indonesia 3&4
Suriname
Venezuela
Philippines 4Ethiopia 2&3
Pakistan 1&2
Argentina 3
Luxembourg
Somalia
Indonesia 5
Argentina 4
Bolivia-Paraguay-Argentina Mozambique
Charter Activations (up to April 2007)
Charter Activations
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Charter Activation Cases(up to November 2007)2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Earthquake 3 1 3 5 3 2 4 21Landslide 1 2 2 1 2 10Volcanic eruption 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 10
Storm/hurricane 1 2 3 3 1 6 16Ice/snow hazard 1 1Flood/ocean wave 4 8 4 9 16 16 22 79Forest fire 5 1 2 4 12Drought
Fog/hazeEpidemic
Oil spill 3 2 4 2 11Hazardous material epidemic
1 1
Total / year 1 11 15 18 21 25 25 43
Sub-totals
Weather / Atmospheric
Solid Earth
Technological 12
108
41
Rapid mapping
Event space map
Burnt areas evolution between the 01/07/2007 and the 07/09/2007
Damage assessment map
Damage assessment map
Charter evolution
Recent events around the Charter
Increasing recognition of the usefulness of space products
Emerging other space-based initiatives on disaster management
accelerated the need for the Charter Governing Board:
- to review the implications of the changing context on the Charter- to take position about the international Charter evolution- to explore options to pursue
The Board at its last meeting in April, 2007 gave an action to CNES, JAXA and CSA to study this issue.
Charter evolution
Not to modify the Charter’s mandate, but to rather:
– identify the expectations the other initiatives have on the Charter
– explore options to strengthen Charter’s effectiveness and relevance
– suggest possible measures for Charter’s evolution with the aim of improving sustainability, effectiveness, and relevance of the Charter
Conclusion
A successful case of international cooperation…– It provides a «one-stop shop» for civil protection and emergency
organizations– It is an efficient data delivery mechanism, relying on existing
resources– Deals only with emergency
Need to make the Charter accessible to more countries, in particular in Africa
Intend to work together to investigate options to make more efficient the space based solutions to support disasters management activities