Structure of Muscle
Sliding Filament Hypothesis During Contraction
Proteins DO NOT actually shorten Rather they slide past one another
Support Changes in Sarcomere Bands Actual measurement of proteins Length-Tension Characteristics
Sliding Filament Hypothesis During Contraction
Proteins DO NOT actually shorten Rather they slide past one another
Support Changes in Sarcomere Bands Actual measurement of proteins Length-Tension Characteristics
Length - Tension Characteristics Stretch Muscle to Various Lengths Measure Active Tension
1.25 1.65 2.00 2.25 3.650
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Sarcomere Length
Te
ns
ion
Troponin - Tropomyosin Complex
Myosin Head
MyosinBinding
Site
Actin
TropomyosinFilament
T
C
I
Ca Binding Sites
Troponin - Tropomyosin Complex
Myosin Head
MyosinBinding
Site
Actin
T C
I
Ca
Troponin - Tropomyosin Complex
Myosin Head MyosinBinding
Site
Actin
T C
I
Ca
Troponin - Tropomyosin Complex
Myosin Head
MyosinBinding
Site
Actin
T
C
I
Ca
Plunger Model forRelease of Ca++ from SR
Ca
++++ ++++
---- ----
Ca
++++ ++++
---- ----
Ca
++++ ++++
---- ----
ATP Ca
DihydropyridineReceptor
RyanodineReceptor
Summary of Excitation-Contraction Coupling
Ca
Ca
Muscle Mechanics – Series Elastic Component (SEC)
Muscle Mechanics – Series Elastic Component (SEC)
Muscle Mechanics – Series Elastic Component (SEC)
Variation in Muscle Tension
Muscle Fiber Types
Type I
Type IIa
Type IIb
Braided Pneumatic Actuator
Colburn Test Rig
Length – Tension Characteristics
Festo Actuators
Air Insect - Kirchner
Buckling
Mini-Braided Pneumatics:Matt Birch and Alan Pollack
Electroactive Polymer – SRI et al
http://ndeaa.jpl.nasa.gov/nasa-nde/lommas/eap/EAP-web.htm