The state? You mean like Alabama, Texas, Ohio, etc.?
No, no. I mean something bigger than that…
OH! Cool…
with the with the power to make and power to make and enforce lawsenforce laws without having to without having to
check with any higher check with any higher authority, authority,
The The StateStatea body of a body of peoplepeople, ,
living in a living in a defined spacedefined space, ,
and with anand with an organizationorganization to do this. to do this.
The The StateStateYou can tell from the
definition that there are four key features
of a state…What are they?
PopulatiPopulationon TerritoryTerritory
SovereigSovereigntynty
GovernmGovernmentent
a body of a body of peoplepeople, ,
living in a living in a defined defined space,space,
with the with the power to power to make and enforce make and enforce
laws laws without having without having to check with any to check with any higher authority,higher authority,
and with an and with an organization to organization to
do this.do this.
STATE ELEMENTS
WHAT DOES A STATE REQUIRE?
1. Permanent Population
2. Defined Territory
3. Effective Government
4. Capacity to Enter into Relations with Other States
PopulaPopulationtion
That’s us!
Definition: People who are the members or citizens of a state
The size of the population doesn’t matterPopulation has a big influence on the type
of government chosen by the state:• Is the population rural or urban?• What do people do for jobs?• Do people get along or disagree on
basic issues?
TerritoTerritoryry
A state must have set boundaries, but they are not always agreed on. Boundaries can change in three ways:
• war – people win or lose territory• negotiation – people agree to trade
territory• purchase – states can buy territory
from other states
Definition: the area in which a state’s rule applies
WAIT! Where did the
word “SOVEREIGNTY”
come from?
SovereiSovereigntygnty
SovereiSovereigntygntyDon’t worry guys!
“Sovereignty” is just a big word that means a state has the ability to rule within its border
as it chooses…
Remember the definition of “state”? It says, “…with the power to make and enforce
laws without having to check with any higher authority…”?
SovereiSovereigntygnty
That’s SOVEREIGNTY!
Oh! Ok, cool…
Because of sovereignty…
states can set their own foreign policy and agendas.
states are all equal in theory, but in reality that isn’t always the case.
Definition: the ability to rule absolutely within a given territory
SovereiSovereigntygnty
GOVERNMENTS
WHAT IS A GOVERNMENT?
Note third element of state is a government in effective control
Tendency is to define government not in terms of centralized public authority, but rather to focus on effective control
GovernGovernmentment
That’s us!
Definition: the organization that makes and enforces the laws Government has many roles that all involve making public policy, but there are four main ways their governing affects the public… Public policy is
the laws and rules that affect the
public!
GovernmentGovernment• According to Eric Hobsbawm – Any
government rest on three presumptions : first, that they have more power than other units operating on their territory; second, that inhabitants of their territories accept their authority more or less willingly; and third ; that government can provide services for them which could not be provided equally effectively or at all, such as, in the proverbial phrase, ‘law and order’.
GovernGovernmentment
That’s us!
Government has many roles that all involve making public policy, but there are four main ways their governing affects the public… • Keeping Order
• Protecting the Country• Providing Services• Making Economic Decisions
Definition: the organization that makes and enforces the laws
Keeping Keeping Order Order
Roles Roles
of of
GovernGovern
mentment Making and enforcing laws is all a part of keeping order in society
Structures like the police force and court system are in place to enforce the laws and settle disputes
Protecting the Protecting the CountryCountry
Roles Roles
of of
GovernGovern
mentment The government is responsible for defending the territory of the state Security organizations like the Department
of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense are established to protect citizens
Roles Roles
of of
GovernGovern
mentment The government is responsible for defending the territory of the state Security organizations like the Department
of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense are established to protect citizens Treaties and alliances are formed with other countries to help keep our citizens safe
Protecting the Protecting the CountryCountry
Providing Providing Services Services
Roles Roles
of of
GovernGovern
mentment The government is responsible for providing basic services…
Postal ServiceLibraries
Garbage Collection
Road Repair
Bridge BuildingSchools
Providing Providing Services Services
Roles Roles
of of
GovernGovern
mentmentThe government is
responsible for providing basic services…
Programs for people who need help:
Programs to keep people safe:
• welfare • medical services
• help buying food
• food• buildings
• medicine
Making Making Economic Economic DecisionsDecisions
Roles Roles
of of
GovernGovern
mentment The government makes decisions every day about how it spends money
The government also makes decisions about how our economy is going to function
Most public policy set by the government has to do with how money is spent!!
So by that definition of
state…
…the United States is just one big state!
Figure It Figure It Out!Out!Is the United
States just one big state?
Does it have a population?
YESYES NNOO
Does it have a territory?
Does it have sovereignty? Does it have government?
YESYES
YESYES
YESYES
NNOO
NNOO
NNOO
Figure It Figure It Out!Out!What about “states”
like Connecticut or Georgia? Are they
states?
Do they have a population?YESYES NNOO
Do they have a territory?
Do they have sovereignty? Do they have government?
YESYES
YESYES
YESYES
NNOO
NNOO
NNOO
They can’t make laws that go
against the U.S. Constitution…
They have a higher
authority above them!
Figure It Figure It Out!Out!Oops! I forgot. What four
things does the government do?
Keeps _________ORDERORDER
Protects the __________
Provides ___________
Makes___________ decisions
COUNTRCOUNTRYY
SERVICESSERVICES
ECONOMIECONOMICC
Let’s take a mini-quiz, kiddos, and see what you learned!
THUMBS UP or THUMBS THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWNDOWN
If there are less than 30,000 people it can’t be
considered a state.
Monaco has only 27,000 people! Size doesn’t matter!
THUMBS UP or THUMBS THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWNDOWN
THUMBS UP or THUMBS THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWNDOWN
The boundaries of a territory can change.
Can you name
the three ways
that boundaries
change?
THUMBS UP or THUMBS THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWNDOWN
THUMBS UP or THUMBS THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWNDOWN
Sovereignty means that you have to check with someone above you.
Just the opposite! Sovereignty means there is NO ONE above you!
THUMBS UP or THUMBS THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWNDOWN
THUMBS UP or THUMBS THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWNDOWN
Government only exists to keep order and provide
security.
What are the
four roles that
governments
have?
THUMBS UP or THUMBS THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWNDOWN
THUMBS UP or THUMBS THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWNDOWN
The 50 states that make up the USA are not considered
independent states internationally.
That’s right! They don’t have full sovereignty!
THUMBS UP or THUMBS THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWNDOWN
Great job, kiddos!
Thanks for all your help!